Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied最新文献

{"title":"Chocolate flint outcrops in the Kraków-Częstochowa upland. State of knowledge on mining, use and distribution of the raw material and further research perspectives.","authors":"Magdalena Sudoł-procyk","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.suppl.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.suppl.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"New data obtained from the central part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland cast an interesting light on the issues of the origin of chocolate flint and the ways it was used by prehistoric communities inhabiting the region. Earlier interpretations indicated that the chocolate flint found at prehistoric sites in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland was imported from the outcrops in the north-eastern part of the Holy Cross Mountains. Identifying the sites of siliceous rocks outcrops, extraction and distribution are extremely important at not only the local but also trans-regional level.","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspects of hard tissue modifications. Three objects from the Gravettian at Dolní Věstonice II (Czech Republic).","authors":"Sandra Sázelová, Bibiána Hromadová, Angela R. Perri, M. Polanská","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.suppl.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.suppl.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a case study of three animal hard tissue objects from the Gravettian site of Dolní Věstonice II (Czech Republic), a beaver incisor, a wolf canine and a raven femur, bearing unusual modifications. Detailed archeozoological, archeological and experimental methods provide complex insights into the interpretation of human and non-human taphonomic impacts affecting the morphology of selected examples. In the case of the beaver incisor human manipulation was excluded; dentine modifications were caused by short-term malocclusion. The wolf canine bears traces of intentional raw material selection, changing the mechanical properties of the tooth, along with evidence of pressure causing its longitudinal pre-depositional breakage. The raven femur was freshly defleshed using a dihedral burin or other artefact with similar morphology in its cutting-edge shape.","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47182438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Found in a box. Unknown bifacial leaf point from the Koziarnia Cave.","authors":"Małgorzata Kot, Natalia Gryczewska","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.suppl.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.suppl.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the 19th century, caves of the Polish Jura have become of interest to both businessmen and amateur archaeologist. The landlord of Ojców, Jan Zawisza, explored the caves in search of traces of ancient man and conducted his excavations which were subsequently published. At the same time, neighbouring landowners started cooperation with the Prussian Mining Office and exploited caves for their soils, rich in organic matter, including phosphoric acid. Sediments removed from the caves were later sold as a natural field fertiliser. Industrial mining of the caves brought to the light numerous artefacts and bones of extinct animals, which were entrusted to the palaeontologist Ferdinand Römer, director of Mineralo gical Museum at Breslau University. The assemblage from Nietoperzowa Cave, the first cave around Ojców to be mined for soil, became the starting point of Römer’s collection and his fieldworks in the area. Koziarnia Cave was one of the caves exploited on request of the landowner and later excavated on Römer’s behalf by Oskar Grube. Among other artefacts, a single leaf point was found and published from Koziarnia Cave. Many years later, when a new transitional industry – Jerzmanowician – was identified, based on the mentioned leaf point, the cave has been included into a group of scarce cave sites attributed to the new Middle/Upper Palaeolithic transitional entity. In the second half of the 20th century, Waldemar Chmielewski conducted extensive fieldworks at the site but failed to find other artefacts that could be linked with the leaf point published by Römer. Meanwhile, the only bifacial leaf point from Koziarnia Cave has been lost. However, recently conducted studies of Römer’s collection brought into light one more bifacial leaf point from Koziarnia Cave. This paper aims to show this previously unpublished leaf point with the use of modern analytical approach in order to present new evidence of Jerzmanowician occupation in the Koziarnia Cave.","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keep it or discard it? Why the Neanderthals made tools from some rocks","authors":"Magda Cieśla","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.suppl.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.suppl.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The adjustability of stone processing techniques to the kind and quality of accessible stone raw materials is an important factor of Middle Palaeolithic stone tool production. Middle Palaeolithic people mostly exploited local rocks, preferably of good quality, and yet in some sites, even located in flint-rich areas (like the Obłazowa Cave site discussed in the text), Neanderthals used rocks they found elsewhere, alongside locally sourced but quite unusual raw materials. These are rocks that are likely to crack or that are very soft, unsuitable for knapping and for later use as tools. The question that arises is, to what end were these rocks even processed? In the paper, the typological character of those artefacts, prepared from a variety of raw material (high-quality foreign rocks and low-quality local ones), and their place in the chaîne opératoire will be discussed. Studying the subject of Neanderthal raw materials use has brought us a better and fuller understanding of the past land-use patterns, foundations of raw material economics and in some cases, a better understanding of the connection between the land-use and seasonal change of the subsistence strategy. Analysing the strategies for the procurement of knappable rocks, together with the techno-typological research, provides an insight into the logic of Neanderthal economy. The above holds true as long as the rock type is relevant in some way to the form and technique implemented in the production process. It is widely acknowledged that in most cases, Neanderthal communities based their raw material economy on local rocks. Local extraction of raw materials, or hauling good-quality fine-grained raw material into sites located in areas with poor supply of rocks is understandable. Similarly comprehensible is the local use of low-quality rocks in the face of no other raw material sources in close proximity of the archaeological site. However, in archaeological records, there are exceptions to this seemingly logical behavior. Examples include the processing of low-quality stones alongside (or instead of) local fine-grained rocks (e.g. Márquez et al. 2013); long-distance transport of low-quality rocks; transport of unprocessed or seemingly unprocessable (i.e. too small or extensively cracked) pieces of raw material to the site. Transporting rocks across distances that in some cases exceed 100 km, although not unique (Cieśla 2018; Féblot-Augustins 1993; 1999; Turq et al. 2017; Valde-Nowak/Cieśla 2020, etc.), must therefore be considered at least unusual. This article aims to present those unusual situations on an example of the Obłazowa Cave archaeological site. It is a case study of the site inventories. In the cave located in a flint-rich area, Neanderthals exploited some poor-quality rocks. Also, some stones from a very distant transport (like obsidian) can be found, in the form of microlithic artefacts, among them tools. When attempting an explanation of these phenomena, raw material provis","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metódy identifikácie a možnosti zachovania reliktov po pálení drevného uhlia na príklade Kysúc","authors":"Peter Debnár","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.68.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.68.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depot neskororímskych mincí z Hája a osídlenie regiónu Turca v 4. – 5. storočí po Kr.","authors":"Karol Pieta, Ján Hunka, Miroslav Kurpel","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.68.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.68.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cemetery of Frontovoe 3. New data on the culture of the Crimea in the Roman and Early Great Migration periods","authors":"Igor Gavritukhin, L. Golofast, A. Mastykova, E. Sukhanov, A. Sviridov, S. Yazikov","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.68.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.68.4","url":null,"abstract":"This article publishes an account of a new flat cemetery located near modern Frontovoe village (Nakhimovskii district, Sevastopol), which was discovered and completely researched by a team of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences during the rescue works of 2018. The cemetery in question appeared in the late 1st c. AD and existed as long as the early 5th c. AD. Chronological zones of the cemetery have been determined, particularly considering the dates of 40 coins plus. The article supplies a characteristic of funeral rites and main categories of the finds, particularly about 15,000 beads, 800 vessels plus, and about 4,000 other artefacts (mostly metal ware).","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kamenný žarnov z Oponického hradu a úvahy o funkcii mlecích zariadení na stredovekých a novovekých hradoch","authors":"Dominik Repka, Zuzana Borzová, Stanislava Blahová","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.68.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.68.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70015162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miesta zasvätené smrti. K lokalizácii a potenciálu výskumu zaniknutých šibeníc v novovekej kultúrnej krajine na Slovensku na príklade lokalít z regiónu Gemer-Malohont","authors":"Daniel Bešina, Alexander Botoš","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.68.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.68.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70014774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novoobjavené sídliskové objekty z mladšej fázy polgárskeho kultúrneho komplexu z Dulovej Vsi, okres Prešov","authors":"Eva Horváthová, J. Malec","doi":"10.31577/szausav.2021.68.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/szausav.2021.68.1","url":null,"abstract":"The settlement features from Dulova Ves are extremely important for the research of interactions of Eneolithic cultures near the Northern Carpathian massive. Their exceptionality is seen in the fact that they have provided us with a unique picture of settlement finds from the youngest horizon of the Polgár cultural complex clearly featuring elements of foreign cultures. Identifying features of the Lažňany group (resp. the Hunyadihalom-Lažňany horizon) prevail in the ceramic material. Foreign attributes show features similar to the pottery of the Lublin-Volhynian culture, WyciążeZłotniki group, and the Tripolye culture. The analyzed finds, thus, at least partly help us create a mosaic of the complex picture of the cultural develompent in the Eneolithic communities living on the interface of the Carpathian Basin and the adjacent areas north of the Western and Eastern Carpathians. Together with the recently published biritual burials from the cemetery in Książnice, site 2 suggest a certain form of symbiosis of the above mentioned cultures (LublinVolhynian and the Hunyadihalom-Lažňany group) which was probably based on the constant demand for the highquality flint raw material as well as the then highly valued copper industry.","PeriodicalId":41838,"journal":{"name":"Studijne Zvesti Archeologickeho Ustavu Slovenskej Akademie Vied","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70013786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}