Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)最新文献

{"title":"Features of translation of various emphatic constructions in the technical text","authors":"T.A. Fufurina, O. Milchakova, O.M. Loseva","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2112-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2112-05","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses various types of emphatic constructions and emphatic intensifiers, characteristic of the English language and frequently found in scientific texts, as well as their translation options from English into Russian. The concept of emphatic constructions, widely used in linguistics in general, is defined. The term «emphasis» is understood by linguists as a natural phenomenon of emotionally colored speech. Differentiation between such concepts as expressiveness and emotionality is carried out. The ways of conveying expressiveness through emotional or logical intensification of speech with the help of morphological, syntactic and word-formation forms of language are considered. The features and methods of translating emphatic constructions from English into Russian are analyzed, taking into account the use of lexical, grammatical and lexicogrammatical language tools. The difficulties of translating emphatic constructions that students of technical higher educational institutions may encounter when translating technical texts are described. Examples of the use of various emphatic constructions and emphatic intensifiers in scientific texts in the field of mechanical engineering are given, including such constructions as inversion, conditional sentences of the second and third types, constructions with double negation, the use of emphatic do. Students of technical higher educational institutions are given recommendations on the options for translating emphatic constructions and emphatic intensifiers from English into Russian, the correctness of the rendering of which affects the adequacy of the translation and is of direct importance for the most complete and accurate representation of the original text in the target language","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114788924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of the condition and development of package systems for continuous hot-dip galvanizing of thin-sheet steel products","authors":"V. Gadalov, O. Gubanov, Yuliya Skripkina, Yu.M. Subbotina","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2112-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2112-03","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the technical features of modern package systems for continuous hot-dip galvanizing, a distinctive feature of which is a module layout that not only ensures the timely replacement of breaking down individual sections of a continuous line, but also allows to enter/withdraw the equipment in the manufacturing process as needed, which makes it possible to produce the strip with different types of coatings on the same machine. The analysis of the main types of alloys used for hot-dip galvanizing has shown that coatings of all four types of alloys are used for products undergoing cold deformation and cold stamping. It is advisable to coat multi-phase steels for cold deformation with coatings based on Zn, ZnFe or ZnAl. The ability to deform and weldability of products is higher, the greater the thickness of the coating. Consequently, coatings based on ZnFe and ZnAl alloys with a thickness of 18.0 microns and 19.3 microns are suitable for deformable and welded products. To reduce the cost of galvanized metal by reducing the consumption of expensive zinc, one-sided galvanizing of steel sheet is promising. The chemical compositions and applications of the four most widespread zinc-based coatings, namely zinc, zinc-iron, zinc-aluminum and aluminum-zinc, are considered. It is indicated that on modern hot-dip galvanizing lines, the coating on the strip is applied from two sides. However, technologies for unilateral application of zinc coating on a steel strip are currently being developed, the use of which will reduce the consumption of expensive zinc and, consequently, the cost of finished products. Some effective methods and devices for one-sided galvanizing are presented and described","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127870151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of theoretical models for the lifting mechanism of the foundry crane","authors":"V. Borisenko, V. Sidorov, D. Bazhutin, A. I. Zemlyanskiy","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2112-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2112-01","url":null,"abstract":"In the lifting drive of the foundry crane, there are emergency situations provoked by failures of bolted connections in the insert of the split drum. The latter is explained by the appearance of unequal gaps in the gearboxes of the «left» and «right» electromechanical systems driven by asynchronous motors with short-circuited rotors powered by individual frequency converters. With high rigidity of the mechanical characteristics of the engines, small deviations in nominal slides can cause a significant variation in engine loads and, as a result, unequal loading of gearboxes and a skew in the loading of the insert. This leads to a violation of the stability of the speed regime of both parts of the drum and to the appearance of additional dynamic loads in the lifting ropes and vibrations of the bucket with metal. The proposed design schemes of the lifting mechanism of the foundry crane allow tracing the nature of simplifications and focusing on possible emergency situations. Lifting models of electromechanical systems make it possible to study their dynamics in typical operating modes. The presence of a gap in the insert when one of the motors is switched off leads to an oscillatory process in electromechanical systems; this especially affects the movement of the insert elements — there are areas of gap opening, which leads to additional dynamic loads in bolted connections and their premature failure. It is recommended to take the elastic moment in the insert as a diagnostic value, by the nature of the change of which it is possible to judge the development of an emergency situation in electromechanical lifting systems.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123951330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transportation, turning and installation of the pedestal and column on the Palace Square in St. Petersburg","authors":"V. Sidorov, .. A.Yu.Dyatlov, E. V. Oshovskaya","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2109-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2109-04","url":null,"abstract":"The materials are devoted to the consideration of the issues of transportation, edging and installation of the pedestal and the column on the Palace Square in St. Petersburg. In addition to the album of illustrations by A. Montferrand, the drawings of Adamini Antonio, Montferrand's assistant, are considered, clarifying some aspects of the ascent. The questions about lifting the Alexander Column sometimes include doubts about the possibility of processing a large granite massif without the use of mechanical equipment. However, familiarity with the methods of manual stone processing presented in various works should convince the reader of the infinite possibilities of a person with a chisel and a hammer, especially if you add to them the perseverance, ingenuity and resourcefulness of the Russian person. In addition, we should remember a somewhat forgotten, but highly respected word -master. The most responsible and spectacular work was the lifting of the Alexander Column, which was the result of a lot of preparatory works. The construction of the platform and the inclined overpass was only part of them. A stone mass was built around the pedestal, which served as the basis for placing the capstans in two concentric circles. After the installation of the column, the finishing of the monument to the final dimensions, grinding and installation of the angel on the top were carried out for two years. Very little is known about these operations, but the presence of scaffolds made it possible to perform work at any height in any weather, and the possibility of processing granite and diabase, and their grinding has already been recalled. The installation of the angel sculpture without the use of hydraulic cranes and helicopters is hopefully no longer in doubt. The next day after the installation, they began to disassemble all the wooden structures. Stairs were built around the main vertical risers. After installation, the stonemasons continued to work with the column. For several months, more than 200 people worked simultaneously. They cut the belts left on the monolith for rolling and lifting, carried out the final finishing according to precise patterns and polished the stone. This article is devoted to the attempt to mathematically justify the possibility of what was achieved at the level of knowledge, skills, mechanisms and technologies of the beginning of the 19th century.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127609199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study, improvement and evaluation of electro-corrosion resistance of highly effective inhibitory compositions","authors":"I. E. Illarionov, Sh. V. Sadetdinov, V. Gadalov, O. Gubanov, Yuliya Skripkina","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2109-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2109-05","url":null,"abstract":"The studies on the improvement of boron nitrogen-containing compounds, as well as information on phase transformations in the system H3BO3-C3H4N2-H2O, based on the solubility isotherms consisting of three branches, are presented. Based on the analysis of the second branch, a new boratimidazole compound was found. A full description of its properties is given. Furthermore, the paper presents the studies on the effect of boratimidazole and emidazole on the corrosive electrolytic behavior and the main characteristics of the cyclic strength of pre-eutectoid carbon steel in neutral media. It is found that the introduction of emidazole and boratimidazole into corrosive media reduces the ionization rate of steel, reduces the density of the anode current in the passive state region and increases the main characteristics of the cyclic strength of the metal. It has been shown that emidazole has a lower inhibitory ability than boratimidazole. The obtained experimental results of gravimetric studies, electrochemical changes and corrosion-fatigue tests are in good agreement with each other and with the previously obtained data. Boratimidazole is a quite effective corrosion inhibitor and can be used to protect ferrous metals and their alloys. The development of new effective, environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors based on boron-containing compounds is an important scientific and technical task. To develop new compositions of anticorrosive reagents, the method of physical and chemical analysis, which is the scientific basis of modern materials science, is used in this work.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127775683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"End-to-end design training: from descriptive geometry to computer modeling of cutting tools","authors":"L. Yurenkova, I. Morozov, D. Korobov, D. T. Dzhodzhua","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2109-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2109-06","url":null,"abstract":"Modern trends in the development of technology are based mainly on successful engineering activities. The combination of the most modern computer technologies and the traditions of using a pencil, drawing, drafts, and, of course, a living fruitful thought is a guarantee of the education of a genuine Engineer. On the one hand, educational technologies in engineering universities at the initial stage should be based, in our deep conviction, on school geometry. On the other hand, descriptive geometry and engineering graphics should contain examples for immersion in the chosen specialty. By order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, engineering classes, in which lecturers of technical universities were involved, were organized 10 years ago in Moscow schools. The creation of engineering classes is caused by the need to instill in students an interest in the engineering profession. To successfully solve this problem, it is necessary to increase the level of students» knowledge in geometry and drawing. On the basis of these subjects, one should develop design skills and skills of using computer modeling tools. The result of this cooperation should be the involvement of schoolchildren to participate in competitions and olympiads. The Department of Engineering Graphics, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, has accumulated 30 years of experience in cooperation with specialized schools in order to develop students» interest in the engineering profession. The article provides an example of the introduction of a common cutting tool, i. e. a drill, which demonstrates the depth of engineering thought formed over a thousand-year history, into the educational process when studying geometry at school and descriptive geometry at a technical university. The drill as an object comprehensible to first-year students is used to provide the basic knowledge of descriptive geometry. In addition, the problem related to the improvement of the technology of end-to-end training throughout the course of obtaining an engineering education is touched upon.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114989128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the productivity of the cutter-loader","authors":"I. Gorobets","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2109-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2109-01","url":null,"abstract":"The task of the conducted research is to determine the dependence of the productivity of the cutter-loader on the parameters of the engagement of the teeth of the wheel-rack mover of chainless haulage systems. To solve this problem, the dependence of the influence of the parameters of the toothed gearing of the wheel-rack mover of the chainless haulage system on the performance of the cutter-loader is found using the mathematical apparatus. The equation of the balance of the power of the cutter-loader is made, taking into account the mechanical energy input for the destruction of the formation, loading the destroyed mineral mass onto the face conveyor (relevant for cutter-loaders for excavating thin flat-lying seams) and moving the cutter-loader. The theoretical performance of the cutter-loader depends on the redistribution of the mechanical energy of the drive electric motor, aimed at the destruction of the mineral and the translational movement of the cutter-loader. The correlation of the productivity of the cutter-loader with the parameters of the engagement of the teeth of the wheel-rack mover of chainless haulage system systems is revealed. The obtained dependences of the performance of the cutter-loader allow assessing the degree of influence of the parameters of the toothed gearing of the mover of the chainless haulage system on the performance of the cutter-loader. The possibility of increasing the minute productivity of the cutter-loader by up to 20% when using a wheel-rack mover of a chainless haulage system with an optimal tooth profile is established.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121510168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex metallophysical studies of structural steels after two-component diffusion hardening based on boron","authors":"V. M. Roshchupkin, Yuliya Skripkina, V. Gadalov, O. Gubanov","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2109-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2109-02","url":null,"abstract":"The studies of the structure, phase composition and microhardness of 45; 40X13 and (25...30) CMT steels during hardening in mixtures containing boron, boron and silicon, as well as boron, silicon and aluminum, are presented. Boration was carried out at a temperature of 890°C for 3 hours. The results of the study show that as a result of boration, the layer thickness is greater than in the case of borosiliconizing and boro-alumino-siliconizing, however, the needles of the boride phases are sharper. By obtaining diffusive layers that differ in structure with different phase ratios FeB, Fe2 B, Fe3 Si, it is possible to significantly influence the resistance to brittle failure of the surface layers of parts that are operated under real conditions in friction pairs under periodic or constant shock effects. So, if the wear process proceeds without ever manifesting dynamic effects, then it is possible to recommend the use of the boration process – both for small-sized parts with CTR in powder mixtures using unpressurized containers, and large-sized parts - in coatings that are applied only to the wearing surfaces of the parts. If the wear occurs under conditions of a relatively low level of periodically manifested shock effects, it is possible to use the borosiliconizing process at (800...900)°C.\u0000\u0000English version of the article is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/complex-metal-physical-studies-of-structural-steels-after-twocomponent-boron-based-diffusion-hardening/69778.html","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125973290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation and analysis of kinetic regularities of wear of internal surfaces of equipment under conditions of intense corrosion using different working media","authors":"V. Gadalov, O. Gubanov, D. S. Alymov, V. M. Roshchupkin","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2108-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2108-05","url":null,"abstract":"The reasons for failures of technological equipment made of structural steels during long-term operation in various environments and fields of application are considered. Investigations of the intensity of wear of equipment failures through the rate of damaging processes are presented. Modeling the processes of wear and tear of steel equipment, its failures was carried out using regression and correlation analyzes. The results of diagnostics are presented in accordance with the theoretical principles of statistical analysis, experiment in the form of polynomial kinetic wear models. The results of comparison of experimental and theoretical data on the wear rate for various types of equipment are also presented. The results of the normal distribution of the experimental values of the degree of wear for various types of equipment are shown, which is confirmed by the general uniform corrosion.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128829241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation modeling in the design of the operation of technological complexes","authors":"M. Zakharova, P. Vasilyeva, Yu. R. Gorshkova","doi":"10.33920/pro-2-2108-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2108-01","url":null,"abstract":"Production areas of technological complexes are complex systems consisting of a large number of equipment with a different organizational structure. One of the most important and complex stages of designing such sites is the technological preparation of production, during which it is necessary to meet the following requirements: to ensure the required performance parameters in the manufacture of a given range of manufactured products; to minimize the irrational use of space. When developing the technological process of pre-production, it is necessary to rationally select the equipment and its position in a given room; to select and design the necessary technological equipment; to develop labor standards, materials, fuel and energy to ensure the required productivity. To determine the best option for the layout of the production site at the project stage, it is proposed to create a model of the production process at the proposed site using simulation design programs. Determining and selecting the required parameters (for example, the load factor of the equipment, the time of arrival of the workpieces at the production site, the time of the greatest loading of the loader, etc.) will reduce the time to choose the optimal layout of the technological complex.","PeriodicalId":415140,"journal":{"name":"Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic)","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128988764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}