Topics in Linguistics最新文献

The mental consideration of resilience as a relevant social concept (a corpus-based research of American English) 将复原力作为相关社会概念的心理考量（基于语料库的美国英语研究）

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0012

Vitalii Stepanov, Anna Reshytko, I. Kobiakova

引用次数: 0

The semantic complexity of Hausa kinship terms 豪萨语亲属关系术语的语义复杂性

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0009

Gian Claudio Batic

{"title":"The semantic complexity of Hausa kinship terms","authors":"Gian Claudio Batic","doi":"10.2478/topling-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/topling-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims at analysing the absolute semantic complexity of kin terms in Hausa, i.e. to measure the amount of semantic information of individual kin terms. Each kin term is defined by a set of sufficient and necessary conditions (i.e. properties and relations) derived from the construction of a genealogical “space”. In order to calculate semantic complexity, properties (e.g. x is male, x is older than y) and relations (e.g. x is married to y, x is father of y) are encoded as a series of predicates. The terms are defined in a feature matrix system: for each property and relation each kin term is assigned a value on a truth table. Resorting to predicate calculus, the complexity coefficient c of kin terms is calculated as the negative dyadic logarithm of the relative number of trues according to the formula proposed by Lehmann (1978) and adapted from Carnap and Bar-Hillel (1952). Being culture-independent, the definition of kinship terms in a feature-matrix system allows for a) cross-linguistic comparison; b) a consistent treatment of polysemous instances based on the principles of intension and extension; and c) further analysis and applications in representations of kinship systems formulated with genealogical or algebraic approaches.","PeriodicalId":41377,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139188433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Austin in the Lab: Empirically reconsidering the constative-performative distinction 实验室中的奥斯汀从实证角度重新考虑构成与表现的区别

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0008

Stephan Kornmesser, Alexander Max Bauer

{"title":"Austin in the Lab: Empirically reconsidering the constative-performative distinction","authors":"Stephan Kornmesser, Alexander Max Bauer","doi":"10.2478/topling-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/topling-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Austin’s groundbreaking distinction between constative and performative utterances and his investigation of how to act in saying something initiated a whole new research programme in linguistics and philosophy of language. Within this programme, the arguments and discussions concerning the constative-performative distinction are based on linguistic intuitions. However, generally, they are only based on the respective linguist’s or philosopher’s own intuitions. This fact makes the whole programme seem incomplete because the linguistic intuitions of native speakers should be considered an important contribution which, so far, is mostly missing. With this article, we contribute to closing this gap by empirically investigating native speakers’ linguistic intuitions with respect to the following four aims: Aim 1 is concerned with the question of whether Austin’s criteria for distinguishing between performatives and constatives work. In order to achieve Aim 2, we introduce a new criterion for distinguishing between constatives and performatives, representing what we call the event character of performatives. For Aim 3, we evaluate Austin’s presumably strongest argument to reject the constativeperformative distinction which we call the Constative Expositive Argument. Aim 4 is concerned with the much-discussed question of whether performatives have truth values and, thus, are statements. In order to achieve the four aims, we present the findings of an online study comparing native speakers’ responses to vignettes containing constative or performative utterances.","PeriodicalId":41377,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139188810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ADV speaking-construction in American English: A quantitative corpus-based investigation 美国英语中的ADV口语结构：基于语料库的定量研究

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0011

Jarosław Wiliński

引用次数: 0

The morphological and syntactic functions of Dagbani nominal suffixes 达格巴尼语名词后缀的形态和句法功能

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0010

Fusheini Hudu, A. Iddrisu

{"title":"The morphological and syntactic functions of Dagbani nominal suffixes","authors":"Fusheini Hudu, A. Iddrisu","doi":"10.2478/topling-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/topling-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the defining morphological properties of nouns and adjectives of Dagbani (a Gur/Mabia language of northern Ghana) and related languages is the presence of suffixes that mark number (singular or plural) as well as serve as the basis for noun classification. The typical regular noun or adjective (e.g. bi-a ‘a child’) consists of a bound root (bi-) providing the lexical meaning, and a suffix (-a) which indicates the singular number of the noun. In plural form, the suffix is replaced by a different one that marks plurality: (bi-hi). In this paper, we show that while this broad description is generally accepted, it is much weaker than assumed in previous studies, with many inconsistencies. As our main goal, we offer a much broader analysis of the morphological and syntactic functions of the nominal suffixes. We show that these suffixes are primarily there to project lexical words as nouns and adjectives and should be referred to as nominal suffixes used to inflect inherent nouns and derive nouns and adjectives from verbs. The nominal suffixes are also crucial to distinguishing between different compound nouns and noun phrases. The paper is largely descriptive, with no specific theoretical approach assumed.","PeriodicalId":41377,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139192649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ordinal numerals in Jordanian Arabic: A morphosyntactic investigation 约旦阿拉伯语中的序数词：形态句法研究

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0006

Mohammad Alhailawani

引用次数: 0

Metaphors of coming out in Polish: A cognitive linguistic approach 波兰语中出现的隐喻:一种认知语言学方法

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0007

Tomasz Dyrmo

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A comparative analysis of English nuclear stress principles in conversation 英语会话中核心重音原则的比较分析

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0002

Kent Lee

引用次数: 0

Metaphoric construction of corruption in Nigerian media discourse 尼日利亚媒体话语中腐败的隐喻建构

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0005

Ikenna Kamalu, Okwudiri Anasiudu, Rabiat Oiza Fakunle

{"title":"Metaphoric construction of corruption in Nigerian media discourse","authors":"Ikenna Kamalu, Okwudiri Anasiudu, Rabiat Oiza Fakunle","doi":"10.2478/topling-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/topling-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) and cultural linguistics (CL), which form the chief theoretical anchor for this study, express the role of language, culture and cognition in the construal and expression of human experiences. The approaches posit that the metaphorical use of language by an individual or group is shaped by their ideological orientation, knowledge of their natural and social world, and their cultural worldview. This study investigates the metaphorical use of language by the Nigerian print media in their attempts to express ideation on corruption in the Nigerian public sector. There has not been any deliberate and rigorous attempt to study the metaphorical representation of corruption in the Nigerian media discourse, hence this study aims at addressing the lacuna. Thus, this study uses insights from CMT and CL to identify, classify and analyse some of these metaphors in six Nigerian newspapers, namely; The Guardian, Punch, Daily Trust, The Nation, Vanguard and The Sun. The study shows that print media reports of corruption in Nigeria involving powerful social actors such as politicians, government appointees, career civil servants, academics, the military, the media and others have often used metaphorical frames that emanate from the domains of disease, war and conflict, enmity, impediment to movement, violent natural forces, monstrosity, among others, to describe the incidence, scope, effects and consequences of public sector corruption in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":41377,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42945045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The representations of freedom in The Sun newspaper between 2019 and 2021: A corpus-based study 2019年至2021年《太阳报》对自由的表述:一项基于语料库的研究

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Topics in Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/topling-2023-0003

Ljubica Leone

{"title":"The representations of freedom in The Sun newspaper between 2019 and 2021: A corpus-based study","authors":"Ljubica Leone","doi":"10.2478/topling-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/topling-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Existing studies have highlighted the close link between language and society (Fairclough, 1992) and demonstrated the impact of Covid-19 on language (Mahlberg and Brookes, 2021). There are no studies to date that have examined the changing representations and conceptual shifts of freedom in the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic years, which are expected to be affected by government policies on Covid-19. The present study aims to fill this gap. Specifically, the objective is to examine the conceptual evolution of freedom in the years 2019 and 2021 and to interpret it in the light of socio-historical issues derived from the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study is a corpus-based investigation undertaken on The Sun Corpus (TS), i.e. a self-compiled corpus including newspaper articles published in the UK during the years 2019 and 2021. Media including newspapers are, indeed, influential discourses that shape the public view of particular events, current issues, and play “an important role in framing how people understand and respond to” contextual happenings (Brookes and Baker, 2021, p. 1; see Baker et al. 2013). The analysis reveals that there is a shift in the use of the word freedom, which is depicted as an enjoyable experience in 2019 and seen in a negative shade in 2021. These results support the social conceptualization of language and reveal aspects that are of particular concern in Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough, 1992), aiming to examine how socio-historical aspects frame the linguistic representations of social issues like the Covid-19 disease.","PeriodicalId":41377,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46939704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0