Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences最新文献

{"title":"In vitro Anti-Cancer Activity of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. in DLA Cell lines","authors":"Jithesh Krishnan R, Asha Ramachandran, Abhilash Sivadasan","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.78","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Background: Today, the number of cancer patients is increasing because of lifestyle, food habits, radiation, etc. Chemotherapy and other medicines cause many problems in the normal body. Discovering new cancer drugs from nature is crucial. Many available medicines are chemically manufactured, leading to numerous side effects. Therefore, the current emphasis has shifted towards exploring natural products, including plants and plant-derived substances, to pave the way for a potentially safer future in cancer treatment. Many of the naturally occurring products have many medicinal properties as well as anticancer activities. Many investigations were carried out to study the anticancer activities of different plant products, including leaf, bark, root, rhizomes, tubers, etc., in search of new drugs. Phytochemicals are the compounds that are present in plants; they have antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. A study on the “toxicity of phytochemicals against intestinal and nasopharyngeal bacteria” was conducted in our lab during 2016. Methanol and acetone extracts of six medicinal plants ( Allium schoenoprasum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Plectranthus amboinicus, Ayapana triplinervis, Ocimum sanctum, and Piper nigrum ) in different concentrations were tested for their antibacterial properties. It was revealed that the methanol extract of Plectranthus amboinicus shows high antibacterial properties. Aim:Aim: The present study mainly aimed at investigating the phytochemicals present in the methanol extract of P. amboinicus and its anti-cancer activities on DLA cell lines. Materials and Materials and Methods:Methods: The plant powder is employed for both organoleptic study and qualitative phytochemical analysis. Following standard procedures, it was dispatched to the Amala Cancer Research Centre for additional anticancer studies. Results:Results: The phytochemical analysis revealed that the methanol extract of P. amboinicus is rich in bioactive compounds with flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, quinones, reducing sugar, anthocyanin, phenol, and flavanol. The plant showed 4.2, 12.6, and 30.4% cytotoxicity in DLA cell lines at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 µg/ mL, respectively. There was no cell death in lower concentrations (10 µg, 20 µg). Conclusion: Conclusion: The results indicate that the plant exhibits a noteworthy variety of phytochemicals, and these compounds exert a direct impact on cancer cells at specific concentrations.","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review on the Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) Infection from Cats and Dogs in Asia","authors":"Mark Ffe Padua","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.60","url":null,"abstract":"Aim/Background:Aim/Background: Parasitic infections from both cats and dogs are considered a recurring problem in several developing countries. This review intends to provide the current cases, through published articles in various scholarly databases, the current prevalence of STH infection in dogs and cats. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: Isolation and epidemiological studies that focus on isolation of dog and cat intestinal parasites between 2010 and 2020 in Asia were searched systematically in PubMed, Research Gate, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases, 106 articles are considered in this study, coming from 21 Asian countries. Results: Results: A total of 106 articles are considered in this study coming from 21 Asian countries and initial analysis of qualified articles revealed 5, 028 documented isolated STH in dogs and cats with Ancylostoma caninum (1291; 25.7%) having the highest prevalence infecting dogs followed by Toxocara canis (999; 19.9%), while A. ceylenicum (12; 0.2%) and Ascarid worms (32; 0.6%) had low report isolations. Conclusion: Conclusion: Both hookworm and Toxocara infection in humans are considered public health concerns and their impact does not only include individual health but also the socio-economic impacts of the worm burden are undeniable. Until the time that effective prevention and therapeutic intervention has been implemented, surveillance studies for this neglected parasitic infection should be focused by both","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny Influences Genome Size and GC but not Sequence and Organismal Complexity in Staphylococci","authors":"Akash Ajay","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.69","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Aim: Like other ecological and morphological features, genomic features are adaptive and can be influenced by phylogeny. While some features like genome size and genomic GC have been explored in the past, still some features like genomic repeat fraction and protein-coding genes are unexplored. Understanding the trait evolution of the individual genomic features and how these features are related to each other is critical to evolutionary biology. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: This study investigates the trait evolution of genomic features in Staphylococcus , a bacterial clade having many pathogenic species and is of medical and pharmacological interest. Data on genome size, genomic GC, number of protein-coding genes, and genomic repeat fraction for species in Staphylococcus genus is collected and study their trait evolution and phylogenetic corrected relationships between them with the help of whole-genome phylogenetic trees. Results and Results and Conclusion: Conclusion: We observe that the 4 genomic features studied follow differing trait evolution models genome sizes and genomic GC showing strong phylogenetic signal supporting the early-burst model, while the number of protein-coding genes and genomic repeat fraction show phylogeny-independent trait evolution. There is a significant negative correlation between genome size and genomic GC, indicating that addition of AT-rich sequences to the genome drove the increasing genome size during the early burst of diversification in Staphylococcus . The lack of correlation between the genome size with genomic repeat fraction and number of coding genes indicating the sequence complexity and organismal complexity evolved independently of genome size evolution in Staphylococci and repeat expansion may not have contributed to the genome size increase during the diversification.","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Chemical Mutagen on Seed Germination, Morphological and Essential Oil Content in Ocimum basilicum L","authors":"Neha Kumari, Maneesha Singh","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.61","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet Basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) variability might be improved with hybrid combinations but combination breeding is a time-consuming process for genetic improvement of this useful plant due to smaller floral size and autogamy. Therefore, induced mutation is an important complementary breeding method for this plant to produce heritable changes both in the case of qualitative and quantitative traits. The present study has been carried out to induce variations in Ocimum basilicum L. using Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS), a chemical mutagen with different doses to determine the rate of seed germination, survival rate, morphological characters, and essential oil content in expectation of finding desirable mutants. Results revealed that there were significant effects of EMS doses on seed germination, rate of plant survival at maturity, pollen viability, morphological characters and oil content. With the increase in EMS concentration, the rate of seed germination and pollen viability was significantly decreased. The present studies showed positive as well as negative effects of mutagenesis i.e. mutants with bushy appearance, increased height, number of primary branches and broad leaves, dwarf with small leaves, short internodes with few nodes, and reduction of seed size and ultimately low yield has been observed in O. basilicum L . Thus, these findings suggest that mutation breeding is an important method for improving crops and creating new genetic resources with desirable traits under","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Dormancy Breaking and Water Uptake Mechanisms in Majidea zangueberica Kirk ex Oliv., Markhamia lutea (Benth.) K. Schum., Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. and Hook. f. ex S. Moore, Santalum album L., and Morinda citrifolia L. seeds.","authors":"Preethi Jenifer Praticia S, Kanchana Kanchana M","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.71","url":null,"abstract":"Aim:Aim: The primary aim of this research is to analyze the conditions that prompt dormancy release and identify the primary water gap location during the dormancy-breaking process. By subjecting the seeds to various dormancy-breaking techniques, we observed that water ingress occurred exclusively through the lens due to the dislodgement of two sclereid layers. Background: Background: Water uptake is a vital process for seed germination. However, in these seeds, a water-impermeable seed coat, while beneficial for adapting to the environment, hinders germination without appropriate treatment. Nevertheless, the factors triggering dormancy release, along with varying interpretations of the specialized seed coat structure known as the “water gap”, remain unresolved for seeds such as Maijidea zangueberica Kirk ex Oliv., Markhamia lutea (Benth) K. Schum., Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. and Hook.f.ex S. Moore , Santalum album L ., and Morinda citrifolia L . Materials and Materials and Methods: Methods: Seed moisture content was measured using a high constant temperature oven dry method followed by dormancy assessment and identification of water gap by SEM analysis. Results:Results: The storage life of Tabebuia aurea seeds was extended, substantiated by a notably low moisture content of 4.22%, here by SEM analysis the lens regions adopted circular or lid-like shapes, maintaining structural integrity in the hilum and micropyle regions whereas in Majidea zangueberica , where a blister-like aspect resembling. Conclusion:Conclusion: This research has provided details on the period in which seeds with impermeable seed coverings and low moisture content can be stored. These can be seen to time their germination to best coincide with the growing season.","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Waterborne Protozoan Pathogens in South Asia: Cases of Human Infections","authors":"Mark Ffe Padua, Giovanni De Jesus Milanez","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.59","url":null,"abstract":"Aim/Background:Aim/Background: Waterborne protozoan parasites, which include Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Entamoeba, are considered important intestinal parasites around the world due to their high rates of morbidity and mortality. It aims to provide a clinical picture of the current status of infection of WBPP in humans in South Asian countries through documented cases. Materials Materials and Methods: and Methods: Epidemiological studies that focus on the isolation and identification of cases caused by waterborne protozoans between 2010 to 2020 in South Asia were searched systematically in PubMed and Google Scholar databases to provide an updated prevalence on the current status of the prevalence of waterborne protozoan infections in humans in South Asia. Results: Results: A total of 19, 718 articles in PubMed and Google Scholar databases provide an updated prevalence on the current status of the prevalence of waterborne protozoan infections in humans in South Asia. 92 articles are considered in this study coming from 6 South Asian countries. Conclusion: Conclusion: Establishing the prevalence of waterborne protozoan pathogen infection is considered an important tool in public health mitigation programs and setting up health intervention protocols to prevent future infections. Also, the existence of surveillance studies for these waterborne protozoan pathogens is an important step in assessingthe health of the population as a whole.","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Divergence and Phylogenetic Positioning in Siluriformes Species Using mtDNA COI Gene","authors":"Mohd Imran","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.63","url":null,"abstract":"Aim:Aim: Molecular divergence between species or a group of species is efficient tool to trace the relation between them and assist in their better phylogenetic positioning with good bootstrap supports. The study has emphasised on a chosen group of siluriformes species available in the nearest water resource which includes species from family Clariidae, Heteropneustidae, Bagridae, and Siluridae. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: Standard barcoding protocol was followed where the intraspecific and interspecific pair wise sequence divergences were calculated based on Kimura-2-Parameter model, followed by phylogenetic tree clustering. Results:Results: A considerable gap was found in the divergence values between species which is sufficient to differentiate and delimit them. For intraspecific divergence, the average was found less than 1% whilst the interspecific divergence varied from 16 to 24%. When the comparison was made on an average basis, the divergence between species (20.40%) was found approx. 25 times higher than intraspecific divergence (0.811%). When the divergence was calculated separately at each codon position, the maximum contribution was found from 3 rd codon position (78.4%) to the combined divergence which was followed by 1 st codon position (6.87%) and the least contribution from 2 nd codon position (1.82%). The clustering analysis with Neighbor-Joining and Maximum likelihood methods delimit the species with parallel phylogenetic clustering supporting the divergence trends. Conclusion:Conclusion: The work provides a thorough picture of the relationship between divergence values and how this gap in divergence values plays a critical role in differentiating species while at the same time assisting in deciphering their taxonomic and phylogenetic positioning.","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Fungicides and Botanical Extracts against Alternaria brassicicola Causing Leaf Spot of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata L.)","authors":"SabebaroNamo Das, Pranab Paul, Pranit Saikia","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.65","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Background: The leaf spot of cabbage caused by pathogenic fungi, Alternaria brassicicola , tends to cause serious diseases in crucifers with considerable economic losses in their yield and storage. Application of chemical fungicides in high doses can have an adverse effect both on the host and the environment, and hence, an alternative eco-friendly approach of plant disease management by means of plant extract is ‘the need of the hour’. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: Pathogen was isolated from diseased plant part by tissue segmentation followed by screening and maintenance. In vitro poisoned food technique was followed to study the comparative effectiveness of commercial fungicides and aqueous botanical extracts of Azadirachta indica , Ricinus communis , Aloe vera , Oscimum sanctum and Cassia alata , against A. brassicicola . Results: Results: Hexaconazole showed complete inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen at 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 per cent concentration, whereas the least mycelial inhibition was observed in 0.2 % of Ridomil (67.1%). In vitro assays for botanical extracts against mycelial growth of A. brassicicola revealed that aqueous extract of A. indica showed highest inhibition (upto 97.2%) at 10 and 15% concentration among all the other plant extracts.","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Molecular Genetic Diversity and DNA Barcoding of Rita gogra (Family Bagridae) from Narmada River Revealed through Mitochondrial COX1 Gene Sequencing","authors":"Garg RK Garg, Surbhi Dohre","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.77","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Background: Since fish have a great deal of variation and phenotypic flexibility, it can occasionally be challenging to identify them just based on morphological features, therefore, various molecular markers are very reliable tools to make identify genetic divergence and differentiations with and between populations. Materials and Methods: Materials and Methods: The morphological characteristics allowed us to identify the fish as a bagrid catfish. Rita gogra (Skyes 1839), from Narmada River and sent fresh DNA barcode information to the Barcode Life and mitochondrial COX1 gene sequences on GenBank, NCBI, USA with the length of 615 bp (accessions MF687949, MF687950, MH427908, MH427909 and MH427910). Results:Results: Barcoded and NCBI created data showing the highest conserved regions for Rita gogra because it gave more than 99% hits similarities and it differentiated with neighbor species like Rita rita . The average gene polymorphism as haplotype gene diversity was 0.52381 and nucleotide diversity was 0.00473 among three populations indicates good gene diversity of Rita gogra in Narmada River. Genetic differentiation (Gst) was 0.00826, which indicates that highest genetic variation is within populations of Hoshangabad and Mandleshwar and 0.00% was found between Hoshangabad and Maheshwar populations. These results suggest that genetic differentiation among populations of R. gogra is impeded by high gene flow. Conclusion:Conclusion: This research evaluated the efficacy of a COX1 for genetic differentiation and development of barcode for discriminating of fish species encourages the global effort to build a complete library of COX1 sequences associated with specific specimens, which has just started.","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant Potential, Antidiabetic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of White Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.): An in vitro Study","authors":"R. D. Priyadarshini, D. A. Beatrice, Sivaraj C Sivaraj","doi":"10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ajbls.2023.12.74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":413740,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biological and Life sciences","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}