Ingenieria UC最新文献_第6页

Boron Carbide Composites produced by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis 自扩散高温合成碳化硼复合材料

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.5

R. Abdulkarimova, A. J. Seidualiyeva, A. Batkal, S. Tolendiuly, S. Fomenko

{"title":"Boron Carbide Composites produced by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis","authors":"R. Abdulkarimova, A. J. Seidualiyeva, A. Batkal, S. Tolendiuly, S. Fomenko","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This work is a study of the conditions for obtaining boron carbide, magnesia, and aluminum oxide composites by self-propagating high temperatures synthesis (SHS). The substances used to synthesize the composites were boron oxide, magnesia, and aluminum oxide. The SHS with the reduction stage was conducted as the following aggregate reaction: 2B2O3+6Mg+xC--->ByCx+6MgO, 2B2O3+4Al+xC=2Al2O3+ByCx. The metallothermic SHS using boron oxide seems \u0000more attractive than the current carbide production methods characterized by long-time and multistage physico-chemical \u0000processes requiring increased material, energy, and financial costs. The thermodynamic calculations of the phase composition of the products and the adiabatic combustion temperature for systems B2O3–Mg– C, B2O3–Al–C were made in the FastStage program. The calculations and tests allowed identifying the optimal conditions of SHS. The products of SHS were examined by X-ray phase analysis and the SEM method. The compositions of the B2O3–Mg–C system obtained by SHS were represented mainly by boron carbide, magnesia, magnesium borate, and Mg3B2O6. The products of the B2O3–Al–C system obtained by SHS contained boron carbide, alumina, and aluminum boride.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43056706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Génesis y Geoquímica de Suelos de Paisajes Urbanísticos en la Costa Rusa del Mar Negro 俄罗斯黑海沿岸城市景观土壤的成因与地球化学

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.1

Lalita V. Zakharikhina, Lyudmila S. Malyukova

{"title":"Génesis y Geoquímica de Suelos de Paisajes Urbanísticos en la Costa Rusa del Mar Negro","authors":"Lalita V. Zakharikhina, Lyudmila S. Malyukova","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Comparados con los suelos naturales zonales (tierras parda y amarilla), los suelos de la ciudad de Sochi situada en la costa Rusa del Mar Negro tienen propiedades ácidas alcalinas transformadas; se ve un contenido adicional de humus en los suelos del tipo abrozemo. El pH del agua cambia de 5,8 a 7,5 (valores medios para los horizontes genéticos de suelos); la saturación con álcalis en los horizontes superior y metamórfico estructural BM (árgico) aumentó por casi treinta (de 72,9 a 97,7 %) y cincuenta (de 64,8 a 97,3 %) por ciento. Los abrazemos tienen un contenido del humus dos veces más bajo en comparación con los suelos de fondo. La evaluación del contenido en suelos de diferentes paisajes de Sochi de una amplia gama de elementos químicos (61) que son excesivos y deficientes en relación con el fondo ha demostrado lo siguiente: La contaminación del suelo se debe principalmente a su enriquecimiento con elementos de los horizontes medios del suelo y rocas madre subyacentes que pueden ingresar a los horizontes superiores durante los trabajos de excavación y el relleno de sitios de construcción y carreteras con suelo local. La excepción es el Ca que entra el suelo por medio del tecnogénesis urbano. En el transcurso del monitoreo de suelos urbanos hay que controlar el contenido de Ca, Cu, Ni, Mg, Mn, Cd, K y también el contenido de Cs, Ga, Be, Rb, V, Fe, Li, Al y de nueve elementos de tierras raras (ETR) (Dy, Tb, Sm, Ho, Eu, Gd, Sc, Y, Er) en paisajes urbanos subordinados. El índice total de contaminación de los suelos en la ciudad no es alto y tiene un valor admisible (Zc>16) en las pendientes, encaja en una categoría de peligro ligero (Zc=16−32) en la superficie plana adyacente a la pendiente y en una categoría de peligro alto (Zc<32) en la zona litoral del territorio de los sanatorios.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42227141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Basics of Methodology of Creating and Developing the Class of Natural Engineering Systems in Water Resources Management 创建和发展水资源管理自然工程系统类的方法论基础

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.12

V. Bondarenko, E. Khetsuriani, Allaberdy I. Yliasov, E. A. Semenova, V. Azarov

{"title":"Basics of Methodology of Creating and Developing the Class of Natural Engineering Systems in Water Resources Management","authors":"V. Bondarenko, E. Khetsuriani, Allaberdy I. Yliasov, E. A. Semenova, V. Azarov","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the system approach as a method of describing the relations and interaction among natural and technogenic objects and the people to elaborate the basics of the methodology of creating and developing the Natural Environment-Object of Activity-Population (NENV-OA-PPL) class of natural engineering systems (NES) for managing water resources in various branches of economy. The methodological basics elaborated for the class of natural engineering systems in question have been translated into practice in designing, building, and running water-management facilities, referred to as objects of activity, in conformity with applicable regulatory environmental requirements in effect. The basic system notions defined for the considered class of systems according to the study results are structure, component, element, and the paramount role of the whole that includes the notions of natural and technogenic constituents and environmental acceptability. The study results were time-tested in the course of designing and building the Zelenchukskaya Hydroelectric-Pumped Storage Power Plant (HPSPP) located in the basin geosystem of the Upper Kuban in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in the North Caucasus.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45301233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelación probabilística de la relación entre ENSO y sequías agrícolas en el sur de Perú ENSO与秘鲁南部农业干旱关系的概率建模

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.13

Juan Cabrera, Jesús Mejía, Edilberto Guevara-Pérez

{"title":"Modelación probabilística de la relación entre ENSO y sequías agrícolas en el sur de Perú","authors":"Juan Cabrera, Jesús Mejía, Edilberto Guevara-Pérez","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.13","url":null,"abstract":"En el artículo se analiza la información de precipitaciones en la Provincia de Candarave, ubicada en el Sur del Perú y se contrasta con diferentes índices del fenómeno ENSO para definir si existe influencia de este fenómeno sobre las temporadas secas en la región y construir un modelo probabilístico usando funciones cópula. Se analizaron los índices EMI (El Niño Modoki Index), ONI (Oceanic Niño Index), TNI (Trans-Niño Index), ICEN (Índice Costero El Niño), y las anomalías de temperatura ENSO34 (de la zona 34) y ENSO 1+2 (de la zona 1+2), y se correlacionaron con el índice de precipitación estandarizada trimensual, SPI3, tomado usualmente como indicador de la ocurrencia de sequías agrícolas. Los resultados muestran que existe dependencia del índice SPI3 y los índices EMI, ENSO34, TNI y ONI a un nivel de significancia del 5 %. El análisis de la bondad de ajuste muestra que la cópula tipo Gumbel es el más representativo del fenómeno que se evalúa por lo que, se construyó el modelo probabilístico correspondiente. Los resultados permiten inferir a nivel probabilístico la posible ocurrencia de sequías agrícolas en base a la ocurrencia del fenómeno ENSO.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45106303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing multilevel statistical models of determining bottom-hole flowing pressure in commercial oil well operations 建立商业油井井底流动压力的多层次统计模型

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.3

I. Ponomareva, V. Galkin, A. Rastegaev, Sergey Vl. Galkin

引用次数: 0

Fragilización de aceros inoxidables dúplex SAF 2205 y SAF 2507 sometidos a tratamientos térmicos de envejecimiento artificial SAF 2205和SAF 2507双相不锈钢经过人工时效热处理的脆化

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.7

Laura Sáenz, Krishna Aguilera, Reinaldo Heredia, Trino Romero, Caterine Donoso, Marco Singaña

{"title":"Fragilización de aceros inoxidables dúplex SAF 2205 y SAF 2507 sometidos a tratamientos térmicos de envejecimiento artificial","authors":"Laura Sáenz, Krishna Aguilera, Reinaldo Heredia, Trino Romero, Caterine Donoso, Marco Singaña","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"La investigación estudia la fragilización de los aceros inoxidables dúplex SAF 2205 y SAF 2507 sometidos a tratamientos de envejecimiento artificial. Las probetas de tracción e impacto Charpy en V fueron sometidas a tratamiento de envejecimiento artificial que constó de dos fases, primero se realizó la solubilización a temperaturas entre 1100 °C y 1200 °C con tiempos entre 1 h y 2 h, y segundo el envejecimiento artificial fue realizado a temperaturas de 475 °C, 700 °C, 850 °C, 870 °C y 900 °C. Existen varios factores que afectan a las características mecánicas de los aceros inoxidables, por ejemplo, la existencia de micro segregaciones y la precipitación de fases secundarias, que pueden tener lugar durante la solidificación, conformado, tratamiento térmico, operaciones de soldadura, entre otros. El estudio realizado permitió la construcción de curvas que muestran los cambios en el comportamiento mecánico de los aceros dúplex SAF 2205 y SAF 2507, donde se observa que a medida que incrementa el tiempo de envejecimiento, se reduce la ductilidad, resistencia mecánica y tenacidad de impacto. En la microestructura se observó la precipitación de fases secundarias sigma y Chi.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47195748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technogenic geochemical abnormalities in the soils and bottom sediments of Voronezh 沃罗涅日土壤和海底沉积物的技术成因地球化学异常

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.2

N. Kaverina, S. Kurolap, P. Vinogradov, T. Dubovitskaya, Natalya N. Nazarenko, R. A. Kondaurov

{"title":"Technogenic geochemical abnormalities in the soils and bottom sediments of Voronezh","authors":"N. Kaverina, S. Kurolap, P. Vinogradov, T. Dubovitskaya, Natalya N. Nazarenko, R. A. Kondaurov","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental pollution in large industrialized cities has become an urgent global problem. On the territory of the Russian Federation, a tense ecological situation is developing in almost all cities with a population of over one million and in large administrative centers. The creation of a quality urban environment is a national priority, a complex and financially costly task, the solution of which cannot be postponed any longer. The main sources of problems in the territories occupied by cities lie in the concentration of production capacities, the steady growth of the population, and as a result, the amount of transport. Due to production, industrial cities concentrate substances of natural and man-made origin forming local and even regional geochemical anomalies in various landscapes. Among all the interrelated components, a special place belongs to the depositing (accumulating) media–soils and bottom sediments. Based on the results of geochemical studies of 2018–2020, the indicators of the quality of the soils of Voronezh were determined, the levels of the content of pollutants of I-III hazard classes in the soils of urban and peripheral areas of Voronezh (benzo(a)pyrene and heavy metals) were established. The authors provide an assessment of the accumulation of pollutants in the bottom sediments of the Voronezh water reservoir, which is located on the territory of the urban district.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47342590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dinámica fractal de las partículas PM2,5 en la Ciudad de México 墨西哥城PM2.5颗粒物的分形动力学

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.9

Mario Aguilar-Fernández, Sergio Barrientos-Ramírez, Arturo Merlín-Rodríguez, Brenda García-Jarquín, V. López-Sánchez

{"title":"Dinámica fractal de las partículas PM2,5 en la Ciudad de México","authors":"Mario Aguilar-Fernández, Sergio Barrientos-Ramírez, Arturo Merlín-Rodríguez, Brenda García-Jarquín, V. López-Sánchez","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"La contaminación atmosférica es un problema relevante en la actualidad debido al riesgo que representa para los entornos urbanos. Las altas concentraciones de partículas PM2,5 son sumamente dañinas para la salud humana y generan altos índices de mortalidad en la población más vulnerable. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar la dinámica de las partículas PM2,5 en las zonas norte, sur, oriente, poniente y centro de la Ciudad de México mediante análisis fractal y de rugosidad cinética dentro del marco de la sistémica para hallar patrones emergentes (a diferentes escalas de tiempo-espacio), para modelar los aspectos relevantes para la toma de decisiones en materia de política ambiental y estrategias de control. \u0000Los resultados muestran que los niveles de PM2,5 se ajustan a diferentes distribuciones, y que las series de tiempo de desviaciones estándar, muestran comportamientos persistentes a medida que se alarga el horizonte de tiempo. Las proyecciones que utilizan el análisis fractal dinámico permiten conocer la respuesta que puede tener el sistema en un horizonte temporal. En conclusión, los niveles de concentración de PM2,5 varían en cada país o región y dependen de innumerables factores que satisfacen la dinámica de escalado Family-Vicsek ansatz.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47757270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decrease in the activity of irradiated graphite and liquid radioactive waste 辐照石墨和放射性液体废物的放射性降低

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.10

V. Krymsky, N. Plotnikova

{"title":"Decrease in the activity of irradiated graphite and liquid radioactive waste","authors":"V. Krymsky, N. Plotnikova","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the problem of nuclear waste deactivation is very urgent. The method proposed consists of exposing the aqueous solution of radionuclide to powerful nanosecond electromagnetic pulses by placing the treated solution between two electrodes connected to the outlets of the generator. Single-pole current pulses with a length of 1 ns, an amplitude of more than 5 kV, and a repetition frequency of 1 kHz are used. Such pulses can be obtained from the generator units with an amplitude of 5 kV to 15 kV. They have a pulse capacity of 1 to 4 MW, and the mains capacity is below 50 W. The pulse action leads to radiolysis of water and accelerated decay of radionuclides. As a result of radiolysis, hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms, and various radicals are formed that causes precipitation of radionuclides, such as 137Cs and 90Sr. The description of several experiments and results of experimental investigations of the influence of powerful nanosecond electromagnetic pulses on the properties of water solutions with radioactive nuclides 137Cs and 90Sr and on items of irradiated graphite is presented. Under the influence of pulses on real liquid waste and aqueous solutions, radioactive nuclides in water are reduced by 5 to 50 times during 15 minutes. The effect described is preserved for 20 days. The reduction of beta activity twice during 25 min is observed in big blocks of the irradiated graphite. Flow-through unit for processing of liquid waste is developed, tested, and patented (RU 2726145. MPK G21F 9/28, July 7, 2020). This technology can be used to treat emergency solutions with tritium at Fukushima NPP. of the irradiated graphite.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47870397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Descriptor del Entorno para Personas con Discapacidad Visual Implementado en Raspberry Pi Basado en Redes Neuronales Artificiales Convolucionales y Recurrentes 在树莓派中实现的基于卷积和递归人工神经网络的视障人士环境描述符

Ingenieria UC Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.15

Rafael Chourio, Wilmer Sanz

{"title":"Descriptor del Entorno para Personas con Discapacidad Visual Implementado en Raspberry Pi Basado en Redes Neuronales Artificiales Convolucionales y Recurrentes","authors":"Rafael Chourio, Wilmer Sanz","doi":"10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Los problemas de visión y la ceguera son desórdenes del cuerpo humano que de acuerdo con cifras de la Organización Mundial de la Salud afectan a 217 millones de personas en países de bajos recursos. La calidad de vida de al menos 75 millones de estas personas puede ser mejorada con el desarrollo de sistemas que permitan guiarlas de manera segura en sus tareas de desplazamiento diario; allí es donde resulta importante buscar alternativas tecnológicas orientadas a solventar esta problemática y es donde precisamente nace la idea de este trabajo de investigación. La idea aquí presentada se basa en el desarrollo de un sistema de descripción de imágenes entrenado con tecnología de aprendizaje profundo, con redes neuronales convolucionales y recurrentes implementado en un computador de placa única, de modo tal que con una cámara de bajo costo se puedan tomar imágenes del entorno y obtener una descripción del mismo que pueda ser convertida a una señal de voz audible a través de un sistema de audífonos, para que personas con deficiencia visual puedan mejorar su nivel de vida a través de la obtención de información en tiempo real del entorno que los rodea.","PeriodicalId":41362,"journal":{"name":"Ingenieria UC","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41370967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0