Dentistry and Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Location of mental foramen in a group of Libyan patients: An orthopantomographic study","authors":"Ahmed Elhassan, A. Musrati, Nadiay Ehtiwash, Syed Peeran, Faisal R Alzahrani","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_21_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_21_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: The mental foramen (MF) is a crucial landmark because the mental nerves and vessels exit through it. Therefore, marking its location is important when performing surgeries, placement of dental implants, or administering anesthesia and hence avoiding nerve damage. As the exact location and shape of the MF is not similar in different population groups, this study was the first one conducted to determine MF shape and position in a group of Libyan patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the vertical and horizontal positions of the MF, in addition to its size and shape as seen in orthopantomogram (OPG) radiograph of Libyan patients. Age and gender differences in relation to the position and shape of MF were also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Out of 200 digital OPGs studied by two examiners, 123 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Scanora Lite software (Palodex, Tuusula, Finland) program was used to measure the size of the MF as well as to determine its vertical and horizontal positions. The shape of the foramen was determined visually using the magnification tool of the software. Chi-square and t-test were applied. Results: The most common position of the MF was between first and second premolar, being closer to the second premolar for females and under the second premolar for males. The vertical location of the MF varied drastically with no statistical significant difference in both sides or between males and females. The difference in dimensions on the left and right sides was not statistically significant. The most common shape of MF was of the continuous type, and the tests showed significant difference with age and gender. Conclusion: The position and shape of MF is a crucial landmark for consideration of mental nerves and vessels when performing surgeries or administering anesthesia. The location of the MF on OPGs of Libyan patients regardless of gender is commonly below and between the mandibular premolar teeth closer to the second premolar, and the most common shape is a continuous type.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114819085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic antibiotics in the treatment of periodontitis","authors":"E. Guzeldemir-Akcakanat","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_23_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_23_19","url":null,"abstract":"The 2001 Guinness Book of World Records list periodontal diseases as the most common disease of humankind. Gingivitis and periodontitis that are also chronic noncommunicable diseases are the most common type of periodontal diseases. Both are plaque-induced inflammatory conditions with multifactorial destructive nature. Initiation of the diseases requires the adherence of the pathogenic bacteria to tooth surfaces and triggering the inflammatory response in periodontal tissues. Hence, initial periodontal treatment of the diseases consists of mechanical debridement to remove bacterial plaque and calculus from the root surfaces. Maintenance of oral hygiene, scaling and root planing and periodontal surgeries if necessary provide expected results in most cases since the biofilm is disrupted mechanically.[1] However, when pathogenic bacteria are residing within periodontal tissues or in deep pockets or root furcation defects or root concavities or grooves, to access these sides for mechanical debridement would be limited.[2] Systemic antimicrobial therapy in periodontal treatment may provide benefits as an adjunct to mechanical periodontal debridement.[3] Especially, aggressive periodontitis patients have more benefits from nonsurgical therapy together with systemic antibiotics comparing to nonsurgical treatment alone.[4-6]","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123535058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in salivary flow rate, pH, and viscosity among working men and women","authors":"Sethuraman Govindaraj, M. Daniel, Srinivasan Vasudevan, Jimsha Kumaran","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_20_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_20_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Salivary gland secretion is mainly under autonomic nervous control, but various hormones may also modulate the salivary composition. Psychological stress exerts its effect on salivary composition, increasing the value of saliva as a dynamic biological fluid determining the overall psychological health of an individual and also in maintaining adequate oral health. Aim and Objective: To determine the salivary flow rate, pH, and viscosity among working men and women. Materials and Methods: The present study consisted of 50 patients, of them 25 were working men and 25 working women. The levels of stress among them were assessed by job stress scale (Shukla and Srivastava, Cogent Business and Management, 2016). Results: The mean flow rate of saliva in working men and women was 0.36 ml/min and 0.25 ml/min and flow rate in men and women with stress was 0.2 ml/min and 0.15 ml/min, respectively. pH in working men and women was 7.1 and 6.7, respectively. pH in men and women with stress was 6.5 and 6.4, respectively. The viscosity of saliva in working men and women was 1.05 cP and 1.29 cP, respectively, whereas the viscosity of saliva in men and women with stress was 1.3 cP and 1.5 cP, respectively. Flow rate in working men and women with stress was found to be significant. Conclusion: To conclude, the stress job exerts its influence on salivary gland function, creating an impact on the quantity and quality of saliva in maintaining the oral health.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114853105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrelationship between Porphyromonas gingivalis and complement C3 and factor B Levels in chronic periodontitis individuals","authors":"S. Sridharan, P. Sravani","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_16_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_16_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum levels of complement C3 and factor B and their correlation with Porphyromonas gingivalis levels in chronic periodontitis (CP) individuals. Materials and Methods: Thirty individuals were divided into three groups. Clinical parameters such as Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing depth (PD) and Clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded and P. gingivalis levels were measured at baseline in Group I (periodontally healthy) and II( chronic periodontits) and 3 months post scaling and root planning (SRP) in Group III subjects. Serum and GCF samples were collected from all the individuals at baseline 3-month post-SRP to evaluate complement C3 and complement factor B levels by spectrophotometer and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Levels of P. gingivalis were determined by anaerobic culture. Results: Complement C3 and factor B levels in serum and GCF along with P. gingivalis levels in plaque samples showed statistical significance between the groups (P < 0.001). SRP resulted in decrease in C3, factor B, and P. gingivalis levels after 3 months in CP group at P < 0001. Among the periodontal parameters, PD showed significant correlation with biochemical and microbiological parameters in both the groups before and after periodontal therapy. Conclusion: P. gingivalis correlated strongly with factor B values in CP and SRP resulted in reduction of these values suggesting a possible modulation of alternate complement pathway by P. gingivalis.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127243269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of hematological parameters in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis","authors":"A. Rodríguez-Archilla, Maria Brykova","doi":"10.4103/dmr.dmr_13_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_13_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) continues to be a very common ulcerative disease of the oral mucosa, affecting approximately 20% of the general population. Hematinic deficiencies have been considered as a possible triggering factor, being iron, Vitamin B12, or folic acid deficiencies two times more frequent in patients with RAS. Objective: The objective was to assess the hematological parameters as possible etiological factors of RAS. Materials and Methods: A PubMed search of articles on hematological parameters in RAS was conducted. From 93 articles published between 1954 and 2018 (64 with full-text availability), 45 were excluded for several reasons: studies without a control group (17), studies with no clinical data (12), and studies with nonusable data (16). Data were processed using the statistical software RevMan 5.3 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). For continuous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as mean differences using the inverse variance method, and for dichotomous outcomes, the estimates of effects of an intervention were expressed as odds ratio (OR) using Mantel-Haenszel method, both with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Nineteen studies of hematological parameters on RAS were included in this meta-analysis. RAS patients had a significantly higher risk of presenting low levels, together with lower concentrations, of hemoglobin (OR: 17.30), iron (OR: 6.67), folic acid (OR: 4.98), Vitamin B12(OR: 3.99), ferritin (OR: 2.86), and higher levels of homocysteine (OR: 7.22). Conclusion: Hematological disturbances may be an etiological factor of RAS.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128735927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research - \"need of the hour\"","authors":"R. Thiruneervannan","doi":"10.4103/2348-1471.124983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2348-1471.124983","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122314442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of probiotic mouthrinse on dental plaque accumulation: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"P. Thakkar, Imranulla, P. Kumar, G. Prashant, B. Sakeenabi, V. Sushanth","doi":"10.4103/2348-1471.124988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2348-1471.124988","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dental caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases result from the accumulation of many different bacteria that form dental plaque, a naturally acquired bacterial biofilm that develops on the teeth. Periodontal diseases are one of the most prevalent oral diseases affecting more than 50% of Indian community. Materials and Method: A two months randomised controlled trial was conducted among ninety school children aged between 13 and 15 years, from a hostel located in Davangere city. The 90 study subjects who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into 3 groups namely Placebo, Chlorhexidine and Probiotic groups. Plaque scores were recorded at baseline (0 day), on 15 th day (after 14 days of intervention) and 3 weeks (after discontinuation of intervention). Statistical analysis was done using one way ANOVA and paired ' t ' test and P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups at baseline. On 15 th day and after 3 weeks, plaque scores were significantly higher in placebo group compared to probiotic group. On 15 th day and after 3 weeks, plaque scores were higher in chlorhexidine group compared to probiotic group but difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Probiotic mouth rinse was more effective for inhibition of dental plaque accumulation after 14 days of intervention and also after 3 weeks of discontinuation of intervention.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124015067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-reported outcome measures in orthodontics","authors":"Elbe Peter, R. Baiju, J. Varughese, N. Varghese","doi":"10.4103/DMR.DMR_34_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/DMR.DMR_34_18","url":null,"abstract":"Psychological perspective of orthodontic patients due to malocclusion and treatment is less explored in orthodontics until recently. Use of psychometric tools is the method to measure this intangible dimension of malocclusion and treatment. However, many generic and condition-specific tools are available now for this purpose. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) will supplement normative outcome measures in the future and will remain an important aspect in patient-centered orthodontic care. In general, with the use of these tools, there has been a conflicting report regarding the effect of malocclusion on a person's Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). However, orthodontic treatment has shown consistently to improve OHRQoL though there is a transient worsening in the initial phases of treatment. The effect of self-esteem and psychosocial well-being as mediators influencing OHRQoL and contextual factors such as socioeconomic status and family support mechanism on QoL need further evidence from long-term studies.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123165344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of silver nanoparticles and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for rapid chairside decontamination of artificially infected gutta-percha with Escherichia coli: An In vitro Study","authors":"Priyesh Mishra, S. Tyagi, D. Tripathi","doi":"10.4103/DMR.DMR_37_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/DMR.DMR_37_18","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of 50 ug/ml silver nanoparticle (AgNPs), 70 ug/ml AgNPs and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as a final irrigant for rapid chair-side decontamination of artificially infected gutta-percha (GP) with Escherichia coli. Materials and Methods: A series 120 GP cones size 40 were taken from new batch. The GP cones were divided into six experimental group: Group I - Evaluation of the contamination of GP cones in manufacturer's Box-(20 GP cones), Group II - Evaluation of GP artificially contaminated with E. coli(100 GP cones), Group III - Evaluation of the effectiveness of 50 ug/ml of AgNPs for decontamination of the cones contaminated with E. coli(n = 20 GP infected cones from Group II), Group IV - Evaluation of the effectiveness of 70 ug/ml of AgNPs for decontamination of the cones contaminated with E. coli(n = 20 GP infected cones from Group II), Group V - Evaluation of the effectiveness of 5.25% NaOCl for decontamination of the cones contaminated with E. coli(n = 20 GP cones infected from Group II). Aliquots from the experimental GP cones were plated on brain heart infusion agar (HiMedia Lab, Mumbai, India), and the colony-forming units were evaluated under colonimeter. Results: 70 ug/ml of AgNPs, 5.25% NaOCl exhibited similar antimicrobial effect (P = 1). Highly significant difference were found when 50 ug/ml compared with 70 ug/ml and 5.25% NaOCl (P","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128938786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SNP′s and its correlation with hypertension: A comprehensive review","authors":"M. Murugan, K. Ramalingam, M. Nazzuredin, Hussain Ahmed Rashed, Ganesh Punamalai","doi":"10.4103/2348-1471.124986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2348-1471.124986","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is a growing global problem, which mostly affects the adults. It is a risk factor for death from stroke, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and progressive renal damage. These diseases are responsible for considerable morbidity and high mortality rate. Human essential hypertension (EH) is a complex and multifactorial trait influenced by environmental and genetic determinants. Early detection of genetic predisposition in hypertensive patients will enable prompt treatment and avoidance of complications. The use of SNPs in genetic disease detection is facilitated by the recent discovery of more than 4 million SNPs in the human genome that have the potential to be a rich source of genetic markers to establish genetic linkage and as indicators of disease. Such genetic research will open the new frontiers in diagnosis and treatment of diseases like hypertension.","PeriodicalId":413497,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry and Medical Research","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132788601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}