Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods最新文献

{"title":"The flagship of economic, mathematical and computer modeling: 60 years in line","authors":"George Kleiner","doi":"10.31857/s042473880027042-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s042473880027042-5","url":null,"abstract":"Main directions and evolution routes of the Central Economics and Mathematics Institute (CEMI) as a leader of domestic economic science in the development and application of economic-mathematical and information-computer models of socio-economic processes and systems were analyzed in the paper. The connection of modeling with such components of the economy as economic theory, economic policy, economic management and economic practice were clarified. It was shown that the economic and mathematical model plays an indispensable role in the integration and systematization of knowledge in the field of economic theory and economic practice. A generalized scheme and the sequence of modeling stages based on the concept of a model as a homomorphic image of a real object in the field of ontology (“the world of things”), ideology (“the world of ideas”), epistemology (“the world of knowledge”) and praxeology (“the world of creation”), were proposed. The evolution of the main components of modeling which had significantly changed over the past 60 years the ideas about the object, subject, goals, apparatus and empirical basis of modeling, were traced. The experience accumulated at CEMI RAS in this area allows us to propose the concept of evidence-based modeling, similar to the ideology of evidence-based medicine, evidence-based policy, evidence-based forecasting, aimed at qualitatively improving the validity and reliability of modeling results for applying in economic theory and practice. The main principles of evidence-based modeling that have to play the role of standards for evidence-based modeling were formulated. The modeling process was considered as an analogue of an innovative project, where every independent stage (likewise the entire project) should be carried out according to these standards. A list of the most important, in our opinion, pioneer works of CEMI RAS in the field of economic-mathematical and computer modeling, which determine significant directions for the further development of this field of science, were given.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135839884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern and promising opportunities to improve the economic efficiency of grain farming in Russia.","authors":"Victor Denisov","doi":"10.31857/s042473880023371-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s042473880023371-7","url":null,"abstract":"The article evaluates, according to the criterion of maximizing national economic efficiency, alternative directions for the development of grain production and export known among agricultural scientists; significant difficulties in the functioning of the production of grain, livestock products and their supply to foreign markets in the changed external economic conditions are shown. In this regard, the well-known concepts of developing grain exports and increasing its consumption in animal husbandry as fodder are assessed in a new way, taking into account the likely decrease in the output of final products due to the limited access of the Russian agricultural industry to the use of high-performance efficient technologies in all its divisions, including grain farming. In contrast to the well-known arguments that take into account the individual pros and cons of different areas of development of the grain subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex, the article proposes the principle and tools for their clear quantitative measurement using methods of economic and mathematical modeling. It suggests both the complete acceptance or rejection of one of the directions, and their optimal ratio.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135801677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Model of Economic Agents Including Interaction and Delay Effects","authors":"Talgat Kilmatov","doi":"10.31857/s042473880026952-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s042473880026952-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The dynamic model of economic growth of several agents is presented. This is a system of non-linear differential-difference equations. The model takes into account the interaction of economic agents and the delay effect. Some simple analytic particular solutions are shown. These analytical solutions allow some clear economic interpretation. The comparative scenario quantitative calculations are given. The calculations are presented for time period of a decade for the typical global development rate of 3% per year. There are two main scenarios. The first scenario of cooperative or isolated agent development is considered. There is the scenario of the agent development due to use the other partners. The consequence of isolation is the backlog of 60% per decade. The second scenario is the time delay-lead effect to use the achievements of other agents. A lead of one - two years is considered. In this case, ceteris paribus, the dynamic growth of the agent is 1.5 times ahead of the others. More effective growth occurs with the faster and advance reaction rate to partner achievements. In this case there is the effect of the multiplicative accumulation of advantage. This scenario can be interpreted as the illustration of the accelerated economic growth of post-war Japan.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135838184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN APPROACH TO DEVELOPING AN INFORMATION RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT FOR ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION RESOURCES AND CREATING ANNOTATED CORPORA","authors":"Алексей Сергеевич Серый, А.А. Гриневич, Владислав Александрович Лисин","doi":"10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.007","url":null,"abstract":"В статье предложен подход к построению исследовательской среды для интеграции информационных ресурсов определенной области знаний и поддержки научных исследований. Особенностью подхода является комбинация в рамках единой информационной системы, основанных на онтологиях средств представления, систематизации и аннотирования интегрированных в систему ресурсов, а также ориентация на совместную работу специалистов над созданием размеченного корпуса. В статье приведен пример применения предложенного подхода для разработки информационной системы.\u0000 The paper presents an approach to the development of a research environment, facilitating an integration of information resources dedicated to a certain scientific domain and supporting scientific research. The main feature of the approach is combining an ontology-based tools for presenting and annotating scientific information resources within a single information system. The development of the information system is aimed towards the joint work of researchers on the creating annotated corpora of resources. The paper provides an example of the proposed approach being put into practice when developing an information system.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76266198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AUTOMATION OF CONSTRUCTION OF A SCHEME FOR SOLVING COMPUTE- INTENSIVE PROBLEMS OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS ON SUPERCOMPUTERS","authors":"Борис Михайлович Глинский, А.Ф. Сапетина, Алексей Владимирович Снытников, Г.Б. Загорулько, Ю.А. Загорулько, В.К. Шестаков","doi":"10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.005","url":null,"abstract":"В статье представлен подход к разработке информационно-аналитической системы, помогающей исследователю решать вычислительно сложные задачи математической физики на суперкомпьютерах. Система автоматически строит схему решения задачи по спецификации пользователя, введенной им в режиме диалога. Схема включает наиболее подходящие математические модели для решения задачи, численные методы, алгоритмы и параллельные архитектуры, ссылки на доступные фрагменты параллельного кода, которые пользователь может использовать при разработке собственного кода. Построение схемы осуществляется на основе онтологии проблемной области «Решение вычислительно сложных задач математической физики», онтологии заданной предметной области и экспертных правил, построенных с использованием технологии Semantic Web.\u0000 The paper presents an approach to the development of an information-analytical system that helps a researcher to solve compute-intensive problems of mathematical physics on supercomputers. The system automatically builds a scheme for solving the problem according to the user's specification entered by him in the dialogue mode. The scheme includes the most suitable mathematical models for solving the problem, numerical methods, algorithms and parallel architectures, links to available fragments of parallel code that the user can use when developing their own code. The construction of the scheme is carried out on the basis of the ontology of the problem area \"Solving compute-intensive problems of mathematical physics\", the ontology of a given subject area and expert rules built using the Semantic Web technology.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87326967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF RF PLASMA AT LOW PRESSURES FOR CYLINDRIC VACUUM CHAMBER WITH CHARGED SPECIMAN","authors":"Александр Юрьевич Шемахин, Виктор Семенович Желтухин, Евгений Юрьевич Шемахин","doi":"10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.004","url":null,"abstract":"Для моделирования процессов в ВЧ-плазме пониженного давления с продувом газа разработана гибридная математическая модель при числах Кнудсена - для несущего газа. Модель включает начально-краевую задачу для кинетического уравнения Больцмана, описывающего функцию распределения несущего нейтрального газа, краевые задачи для уравнения неразрывности электронной, ионной и метастабильной компонент, уравнения сохранения энергии электронов, для ВЧ-уравнений Максвелла в форме телеграфных уравнений и уравнения Пуассона для потенциальной составляющей поля. Приводятся результаты расчета электрической напряженности, концентрации электронов, ионов и метастабилей, потенциальной составляющей электромагнитного поля в цилиндрической вакуумной камере.\u0000 A hybrid mathematical model for the Knudsen numbers - for the carrier gas has been developed to simulate processes in a low pressure RF plasma with gas flow. The model includes an initial boundary value problem for the kinetic Boltzmann equation describing the distribution function of the carrier neutral gas, boundary value problems for the continuity equation of the electronic, ionic and metastable components, the electron energy conservation equations, for Maxwell’s RF equations in the form of telegraphic equations and the Poisson equation for the potential part of field. The results of the calculation of the electric intensity, the concentration of electrons, iones and metastables, the potential component of the electromagnetic field in a cylindrical vacuum chamber are presented.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75617744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A MODERN APPROACH TO MONITORING THE PROGRESS OF STUDENTS WITH THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"Александр Викторович Поначугин","doi":"10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.012","url":null,"abstract":"Целью статьи является обоснование эффективности проведения поэтапного мониторинга успеваемости обучающихся с применением информационно-коммуникационных технологий. Актуальность темы обусловлена тем, что важным вопросом современного образования является разработка, апробация и дальнейшее внедрение системы мониторинга качества образовательного процесса в ВУЗах. Основным методом является мониторинг, который может улучшить состояние учебного процесса путем выявления проблем и целенаправленной индивидуальной работы. В статье рассматривается алгоритм реализации поэтапного мониторинга с применением информационно-коммуникационных технологий на занятиях. По результатам проведенных исследований сделаны выводы о необходимости внедрения поэтапного мониторинга на занятиях, направленного на управление аудиторией, развитие воспитательной работы и беспристрастную оценку успеваемости обучающихся.\u0000 The purpose of the article is to substantiate the effectiveness of the stage-by-stage monitoring of students' progress using information and communication technologies. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that an important issue of modern education is the development of a system for monitoring the quality of the educational process in universities. The main method is monitoring, which can improve the state of the educational process through problems and purposeful work. The article uses the implementation of step-by-step monitoring with the use of information and communication technologies in the classroom, conducted with information technology. Based on the results of the research, conclusions were drawn about the stage-by-stage monitoring in the classroom, aimed at managing the audience, developing educational work and an impartial assessment of students' progress.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83155255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PARAMETERS MONITORING ORGANIZATION OF THE SOLAR PANELS EXPERIMENTAL STAND","authors":"Р. А. Иванов, Никита Владимирович Максаков","doi":"10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.008","url":null,"abstract":"Актуальность разработки обусловлена необходимостью создания устройства для сбора и обработки информации с экспериментального стенда солнечных панелей. Назначением стенда является получение достоверных данных для верификации моделей оценки показателей гелиопотенциала, использующихся при обосновании эффективности применения солнечных электростанций на территории восточных регионов России. Дано описание основного и вспомогательного оборудования экспериментального стенда. Солнечные панели стенда разноориентированы для определения наиболее эффективного угля наклона и обоснования необходимости применения следящей за солнцем системы. Для снятия и записи мгновенной мощности солнечных панелей разработано устройство на основе микроконтроллера Arduino. Для мониторинга показаний силы тока используется шунтовый амперметр, подключаемый в разрыв цепи питания. Приведена схема счётчика тока и описана его работа. Приведены первичные результаты собранных данных. Намечены основные этапы дальнейшей обработки данных.\u0000 The relevance of the presented development is due to the need to create a device to read and process information from an experimental array of solar panels. The purpose of the array is to obtain reliable data for the verification of models for estimating photovoltaic power potential indicators used in justifying the feasibility of the adoption of solar power plants in the eastern regions of Russia. We present a description of the main and auxiliary equipment of the experimental array. The array's solar panels are arranged in different ways so as to determine the most efficient tilt angle and justify the need to use a sun tracking system. The proprietary device based on the Arduino microcontroller was designed to read and write the value of instantaneous power of solar panels. To monitor the readings of the amperage, a shunt ammeter is used, which is connected to the gap of the power circuit. The study provides a diagram of the current meter and describe its operation. We outlined the main stages of subsequent data processing.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73817399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PARALLEL OPTIMIZATION TECHNOLOGY FOR ATOMIC-MOLECULAR MORSE CLUSTERS","authors":"Александр Юрьевич Горнов, Антон Сергеевич Аникин, Павел Сергеевич Сороковиков, Татьяна Сергеевна Зароднюк","doi":"10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38028/esi.2021.24.4.006","url":null,"abstract":"В статье рассматриваются специализированные вычислительные технологии и алгоритмы, используемые для поиска низкопотенциальных атомно-молекулярных кластеров. Проведенные вычислительные эксперименты продемонстрировали достаточно высокую конкурентоспособность новых алгоритмов по сравнению с классическими для функций рассматриваемого типа. С использованием разработанного программного комплекса получены рекордные результаты оптимизации атомно-молекулярных кластеров Морса рекордных размерностей.\u0000 The paper deals with specialized computing technology and algorithms used for finding low-potential atomic-molecular clusters. The performed computational experiments demonstrated a rather high competitiveness of the new algorithms in comparison with the classical methods for the considerable functions. Using the developed software, the applied problem of molecular docking was solved. Using the developed software package, record results for optimization of atomic-molecular Morse clusters of large dimensions have been obtained.","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86775282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology for calculating the lifetime of storage batteries in autonomous photovoltaic systems","authors":"D. Karamov, I. Muftahov, Vasiliy V. Potapov, Anton A. Syromyatnikov, I. Shushpanov","doi":"10.38028/esi.2022.26.2.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38028/esi.2022.26.2.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41290,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomika i Matematiceskie Metody-Economics and Mathematical Methods","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72510990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}