Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics最新文献

{"title":"Lattice perspectives on doubly heavy tetraquarks","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Doubly heavy tetraquarks have emerged as new probes to study the heavy hadron spectrum. With the experimental observation of the <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span>, they pose a unique opportunity to bring together efforts in experiment, phenomenology, and lattice QCD. In lattice calculations they are accessible as ground states, unlike hidden flavor tetraquarks, and this enables accurate determinations of the scattering parameters alongside the binding energies of these tetraquarks. Today, lattice calculations firmly predict <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>u</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> as QCD bound states, while recent studies approaching the <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>u</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> find it to be a virtual bound state at slightly non-physical input quark masses. Studies of the <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>u</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> are ongoing and a new focus area. In light of these developments the evolution of this field until this point is reviewed. Emphasis is put on the methods in lattice spectroscopy that enable a robust evaluation of the lattice studies gathered. They are further reviewed towards their limitations and achievements. Current challenges and opportunities are discussed, including possibilities to approach the left-hand cut in the scattering analysis of the charm candidates and towards understanding the structure of those including two bottom quarks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hard Thermal Loop—Theory and applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this review, we present the key aspects of modern thermal perturbation theory based on the hard thermal loop (HTL) approximation, including its theoretical foundations and applications within quantum electrodynamics (QED) and quantum chromodynamics (QCD) plasmas. To maintain conciseness, we focus on scenarios in thermal equilibrium, examining a variety of physical quantities and settings. Specifically, we explore both bulk thermodynamic properties and real-time observables in high-temperature domains relevant to heavy-ion physics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relativistic hydrodynamics under rotation: Prospects and limitations from a holographic perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The AdS/CFT correspondence, or holography, has provided numerous important insights into the behavior of strongly-coupled many-body systems. Crucially, it has provided a testing ground for the construction of new effective field theories, especially those in the low frequency, long wavelength limit known as hydrodynamics. We review the study of strongly-coupled rotating fluids using holography, and we examine the hydrodynamics emerging from the study of rotating Myers–Perry black holes. We discuss three regimes in which holographic rotating fluids display either (1) hydrodynamic behavior of a boosted fluid, (2) hydrodynamic behavior distinct from a boosted fluid, or (3) no obvious hydrodynamic behavior. We describe techniques to obtain hydrodynamic and non-hydrodynamic modes, and we compute the radius of convergence for the hydrodynamic regimes. The limitations of hydrodynamics under rotation are discussed alongside our findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141910646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum entanglement and Bell inequality violation at colliders","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study of entanglement in particle physics has been gathering pace in the past few years. It is a new field that is providing important results about the possibility of detecting entanglement and testing Bell inequality at colliders for final states as diverse as top-quark, <span><math><mi>τ</mi></math></span>-lepton pairs and <span><math><mi>Λ</mi></math></span>-baryons, massive gauge bosons and vector mesons. In this review, after presenting definitions, tools and basic results that are necessary for understanding these developments, we summarize the main findings—as published by the beginning of year 2024—including analyses of experimental data in <span><math><mi>B</mi></math></span> meson decays and top-quark pair production. We include a detailed discussion of the results for both qubit and qutrits systems, that is, final states containing spin one-half and spin one particles. Entanglement has also been proposed as a new tool to constrain new particles and fields beyond the Standard Model and we introduce the reader to this promising feature as well.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146641024000383/pdfft?md5=593263291753d6d1447f18c7b1e3da77&pid=1-s2.0-S0146641024000383-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenomenology of lepton masses and mixing with discrete flavor symmetries","authors":"Garv Chauhan ,&nbsp;P.S. Bhupal Dev ,&nbsp;Ievgen Dubovyk ,&nbsp;Bartosz Dziewit ,&nbsp;Wojciech Flieger ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Grzanka ,&nbsp;Janusz Gluza ,&nbsp;Biswajit Karmakar ,&nbsp;Szymon Zięba","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The observed pattern of fermion masses and mixing is an outstanding puzzle in particle physics, generally known as the <em>flavor problem</em>. Over the years, guided by precision neutrino oscillation data, discrete flavor symmetries have often been used to explain the neutrino mixing parameters, which look very different from the quark sector. In this review, we discuss the application of non-Abelian finite groups to the theory of neutrino masses and mixing in the light of current and future neutrino oscillation data. We start with an overview of the neutrino mixing parameters, comparing different global fit results and limits on normal and inverted neutrino mass ordering schemes. Then, we discuss a general framework for implementing discrete family symmetries to explain neutrino masses and mixing. We discuss CP violation effects, giving an update of CP predictions for trimaximal models with nonzero reactor mixing angle and models with partial <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>τ</mi></mrow></math></span> reflection symmetry, and constraining models with neutrino mass sum rules. The connection between texture zeros and discrete symmetries is also discussed. We summarize viable higher-order groups, which can explain the observed pattern of lepton mixing where the non-zero <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> plays an important role. We also review the prospects of embedding finite discrete symmetries in the Grand Unified Theories and with extended Higgs fields. Models based on modular symmetry are also briefly discussed. A major part of the review is dedicated to the phenomenology of flavor symmetries and possible signatures in the current and future experiments at the intensity, energy, and cosmic frontiers. In this context, we discuss flavor symmetry implications for neutrinoless double beta decay, collider signals, leptogenesis, dark matter, as well as gravitational waves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141414756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifaceted character of shape coexistence phenomena in atomic nuclei","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article is devoted to a review of decay properties of excited 0<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> states in regions of the nuclear chart well known for shape coexistence phenomena. Even–even isotopes around the Z=20 (Ca), 28 (Ni), 50 (Sn), 82 (Pb) proton shell closures and along the Z=36 (Kr), Z=38 (Sr) and Z=40 (Zr) isotopic chains are mainly discussed. The aim is to identify examples of <em>extreme shape coexistence</em>, namely highly deformed structures, well localized in the Potential Energy Surface in the deformation space, which could lead to <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> decays substantially hindered. This is in analogy to the 0<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> fission shape isomers in the actinides region and to the superdeformed (SD) states at the decay-out spin in medium/heavy mass systems. In this survey, the Hindrance Factor (HF) of the E2 transitions de-exciting 0<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> states or SD decay-out states is a primary quantity which is used to differentiate between types of shape coexistence. The 0<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> states, examined with the help of the hindrance factor, reveal a multifaceted scenario of shape coexistence. A limited number of 0<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> excitations (in the Ni, Sr, Zr and Cd regions) exhibit large HF values (<span><math><mo>&gt;</mo></math></span>10), some of which are associated with the clear separation of coexisting wave functions, while in most cases the decay is not hindered, due to the mixing between different configurations. Comparisons with theory predictions based on various models are also presented, some of which shed light on the microscopic structure of the considered states and the origin of the observed hindrances. The impact of shape ensembles at finite temperature on the decay properties of highly-excited states (Giant Dipole Resonances) is also discussed. This research area offers a complementary approach for identifying regions where extreme shape coexistence phenomena may appear.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146641024000231/pdfft?md5=11c111bcea2c76459e17a8aca56a3023&pid=1-s2.0-S0146641024000231-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in chiral EFT based nuclear forces and their applications","authors":"R. Machleidt,&nbsp;F. Sammarruca","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the past two decades, chiral effective field theory has evolved into a powerful tool to derive nuclear forces from first principles. Nearly all two-nucleon interactions have been worked out up to sixth order of chiral perturbation theory, while, with few exceptions, three-nucleon forces, which play a subtle, but crucial role in microscopic nuclear structure calculations, have been derived up to fifth order. We review the current status of these forces as well as their applications in nuclear many-body systems. While the <em>ab initio</em> description of light nuclei is generally very successful, we point out and analyze problems encountered with medium-mass nuclei. We also survey the construction of equations of state for symmetric nuclear matter and neutron-rich matter based on chiral forces. A focal point is the symmetry energy and its impact on neutron skins and systems of astrophysical relevance. The physics of neutron-rich systems, from nuclei to compact stars, is essentially determined by the density dependence of the symmetry energy. We review the status of predictions in comparison with latest empirical constraints, with particular attention to those extracted from parity-violating electron scattering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140901290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lowest-lying 12− and 32− ΛQ resonances: From the strange to the bottom sectors","authors":"J. Nieves ,&nbsp;A. Feijoo ,&nbsp;M. Albaladejo ,&nbsp;Meng-Lin Du","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a detailed study of the lowest-lying <span><math><msup><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> and <span><math><msup><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Q</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> resonances both in the heavy quark (bottom and charm) and the strange sectors. We have paid special attention to the interplay between the constituent quark-model and chiral baryon–meson degrees of freedom, which are coupled using a unitarized scheme consistent with leading-order heavy quark symmetries. We show that the <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>5912</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> [<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>], <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>5920</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> [<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>] and the <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2625</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> [<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>], and the <span><math><mrow><mi>Λ</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1520</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> [<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>] admitting larger breaking corrections, are heavy-quark spin-flavor siblings. They can be seen as dressed quark-model states with <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>Σ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Q</mi></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mo>∗</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msubsup><mi>π</mi></mrow></math></span> molecular components of the order of 30%. The <span><math><msup><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2595</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> has, however, a higher molecular probability of at least 50%, and even values greater than 70% can be easily accommodated. This is because it is located almost on top of the threshold of the <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Σ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</m","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014664102400022X/pdfft?md5=a74cfae6b68b3033f1ce0de759850d6b&pid=1-s2.0-S014664102400022X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141033970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dark Higgs bosons at colliders","authors":"Torben Ferber ,&nbsp;Alexander Grohsjean ,&nbsp;Felix Kahlhoefer","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has confirmed the Higgs mechanism to generate mass in the Standard Model (SM), making it attractive also to consider spontaneous symmetry breaking as the origin of mass for new particles in a dark sector extension of the SM. Such a dark Higgs mechanism may in particular give mass to a dark matter candidate and to the gauge boson mediating its interactions (called dark photon). In this review, we summarize the phenomenology of the resulting dark Higgs boson and discuss the corresponding search strategies with a focus on collider experiments. We consider both the case that the dark Higgs boson is heavier than the SM Higgs boson, in which case leading constraints come from direct searches for new Higgs bosons as well missing-energy searches at the LHC, and the case that the dark Higgs boson is (potentially much) lighter than the SM Higgs boson, such that the maximum sensitivity comes from electron–positron colliders and fixed-target experiments. Of particular experimental interest for both cases is the associated production of a dark Higgs boson with a dark photon, which subsequently decays into SM fermions, dark matter particles or long-lived dark sector states. We also discuss the important role of exotic decays of the SM-like Higgs boson and complementary constraints arising from early-universe cosmology, astrophysics, and direct searches for dark matter in laboratory experiments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146641024000097/pdfft?md5=76ead6ec20e1aadbe995495793ee1f00&pid=1-s2.0-S0146641024000097-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139489635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Target mass corrections in lepton–nucleus DIS: Theory and applications to nuclear PDFs","authors":"R. Ruiz ,&nbsp;K.F. Muzakka ,&nbsp;C. Léger ,&nbsp;P. Risse ,&nbsp;A. Accardi ,&nbsp;P. Duwentäster ,&nbsp;T.J. Hobbs ,&nbsp;T. Ježo ,&nbsp;C. Keppel ,&nbsp;M. Klasen ,&nbsp;K. Kovařík ,&nbsp;A. Kusina ,&nbsp;J.G. Morfín ,&nbsp;F.I. Olness ,&nbsp;J.F. Owens ,&nbsp;I. Schienbein ,&nbsp;J.Y. Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Motivated by the wide range of kinematics covered by current and planned deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) facilities, we revisit the formalism, practical implementation, and numerical impact of target mass corrections (TMCs) for DIS on unpolarized nuclear targets. An important aspect is that we only use nuclear and later partonic degrees of freedom, carefully avoiding a picture of the nucleus in terms of nucleons. After establishing that formulae used for individual nucleon targets </span><span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span><span>, derived in the Operator Product Expansion (OPE) formalism, are indeed applicable to nuclear targets, we rewrite expressions for nuclear TMCs in terms of re-scaled (or averaged) kinematic variables. As a consequence, we find a representation for nuclear TMCs that is approximately independent of the nuclear target. We go on to construct a single-parameter fit for all nuclear targets that is in good numerical agreement with full computations of TMCs. We discuss in detail qualitative and quantitative differences between nuclear TMCs built in the OPE and the parton model formalisms, as well as give numerical predictions for current and future facilities.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":412,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139415661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}