{"title":"Analysis of Language Textbooks in Georgia: Approaches to Gender Equality of Males and Females While Teaching Languages","authors":"Shalva Tabatadze, Natia Gorgadze","doi":"10.1177/10567879221147011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221147011","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore gender equality in language textbooks in Georgian schools. The content analysis method was used to answer the research questions, and a theoretical framework was developed based on Porreca's Analytical Framework (1984). The research revealed that men remain more visible in textbooks. Social roles, activities, and professions are gender-biased, and the books contribute to the development of gender stereotypes. The study identified five different approaches that school textbook authors adopt toward gender equality: (1) superficial, (2) artificial, (3) additive, (4) deliberate ignorance, and (5) attitudinal nondeliberate gender mainstreaming approach.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122560532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Teacher as a Leader in Creating Environmental Awareness","authors":"Charalampous Constantia, Papademetriou Christos, Antigoni Yiannikou Papademetriou","doi":"10.1177/10567879221139448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221139448","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research article was to cultivate Environmental Consciousness in members of the school community. The research took place in an Elementary school in Cyprus. It lasted for 6 months (October 2020–March 2021). This research endeavored to employ action research as a methodology. The researchers devised an action plan aimed at instilling a sense of environmental stewardship in the students. Then, the participants critically analyzed the processes and outcomes of the activity, providing a reasoned explanation of what took place. They reflected on both organizational and personal processes and outcomes. Τhe participants’ group consisted of 15 teachers, 1 head teacher, 2 sub-principals, and 250 pupils. The majority of the pupils come from low-income immigrant families. During July and August of 2021, the results of questionnaires, interviews and other material related to the program were analyzed. For the purposes of this study, we used the following research tools: questionnaires, interviews, and personal diaries.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"30 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124650897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital Leadership: Managing Schools’ Virtual Spaces in Times of Crisis","authors":"Chen-Levi Tamar, Buskila Yaffa, Shaked Lea, Altarac Haia, Elyakim Nitzan","doi":"10.1177/10567879221142551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221142551","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic changed schools’ reality and posed a wide range of challenges for school leaders, such as a re-examination of principals’ and teachers’ authority and leadership in the schools’ virtual spaces. Teaching methods and social-emotional aspects of learning were challenged as well. The school faculty had to redesign their pedagogical environments to provide an extensive and complete response to these new challenges. The main difficulty lay in the need to create an immediate distance-learning environment that would provide solutions for the pedagogical, emotional, and social challenges in the new and virtual space that had been created. We investigated teachers’ perceptions of their and their principals’ roles as digital educational leaders (e-leaders) in the schools’ virtual spaces. The research was conducted using a qualitative method with a population of 16 female teachers in elementary schools in Israel. Data analysis yielded four major themes: new virtual space in the school's organization, principals’ and teachers’ roles in managing virtual spaces, opportunities in virtual space management, and challenges and difficulties. These themes were closely interrelated in the context of schoolwork. Findings highlight the importance of more fully understanding the role of extensive digital leadership, i.e., the management of virtual school spaces. It is proposed that management of schools’ virtual spaces can enhance overall school effectiveness, which in turn can help achieve better cooperation between school faculty and the surrounding community.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115213889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Teachers’ Racial Diversity on School Culture","authors":"Corinne Brion","doi":"10.1177/10567879221142547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221142547","url":null,"abstract":"Leaders set the tone and the culture for their schools. The purpose of this phenomenology study is to examine how the increase in racial diversity among urban middle school teachers impacts the school's culture. The author utilized the Invitational Education model as a conceptual framework. The researcher conducted a total of 28 interviews with teachers, leaders, and students. Findings indicated that students were mostly the ones benefiting from the increase in racial diversity among teachers. Challenges pertained to the educators’ lack of cultural proficiency which negatively affected the school culture. This study contributes to the leadership literature and offers recommendations to leaders and policy makers.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117252917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaurav Kapoor, A. Chahal, Nidhi Sharma, Simranjeet Kaur, Hendrik Hendrik
{"title":"Electronic-learning: Friend or Foe","authors":"Gaurav Kapoor, A. Chahal, Nidhi Sharma, Simranjeet Kaur, Hendrik Hendrik","doi":"10.1177/10567879221140095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221140095","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet has enormously expanded the domain of technology for diverse ages. The Internet poses enormous technological expansion potential. It can change not just how people accept and adopt knowledge, but also the traditional methodology and architecture of education systems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, e-learning is expanding and being recognized by higher education institutes for the benefit of society. Although e-learning has some shortcomings, it also has numerous benefits. Web-based education has made lifetime learning easier and erased geographical barriers by providing international-standard education. This improves the opportunity to learn and stay current with technology in a competitive environment.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131109358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teacher Agency in Implementing the Getting-to-Know-English for Grade 1 and Grade 2: How Teachers Enacted","authors":"T. Tran","doi":"10.1177/10567879221145900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221145900","url":null,"abstract":"Vietnam’s Ministry of Education and Training issued a new general education curriculum and Getting-to-know-English for Grades 1 and 2. Teachers are crucial to implementing Getting-to-know-English for Grades 1 and 2. However, teacher agency has been understudied, despite recent studies in Vietnam. These studies examined teacher agency in executing the language policy, the pilot English program under the National Foreign Language Project 2020. Little study has been done on how teachers use the Getting-to-know-English in Grades 1 and 2. The current study, based on the ecological approach, seeks to understand how Vietnamese primary teachers utilize the Getting-to-know-English for Grades 1 and 2. Documents and interviews provided data. Data analysis showed that teachers adapted teaching activities and resources, accepted and resisted assessment methods and lesson planning, accepted teaching methods, and accepted and adapted teaching content. Prior professional knowledge and experience, curriculum map and evaluation, students’ learning styles, resources, and professional development program affected teacher agency enactment. The study advises more professional training programs for teachers to implement the Getting-to-know-English for Grades 1 and 2.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121669201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of Video Lectures in Engineering Education","authors":"Aashish Bhardwaj, Anu Gupta","doi":"10.1177/10567879221142548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221142548","url":null,"abstract":"Videos have come-up as self-learning tool in all forms of engineering education, including the formal, informal, and nonformal education. The article presents the different perspectives of using videos in teaching engineering courses. Most popular video lecture series have been discussed with their specific applications and popularity concerns. Along with this, the role of videos in flipped classroom and virtual personal learning environment has been seen from the engineering perspective. Both the theory and the practical perspectives have been considered in the article. The article will serve as a pathway of understanding and applying videos in the engineering education.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127196663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Raharjo, I. Abdullah, A. Indiyanto, S. Mariam, Firdaus Himawan Raharjo
{"title":"Impact of Online Learning on Teachers’ Authority During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia","authors":"R. Raharjo, I. Abdullah, A. Indiyanto, S. Mariam, Firdaus Himawan Raharjo","doi":"10.1177/10567879221140091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221140091","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to address how online learning is implemented in schools, how teacher competencies influence online learning experiences, and what implication of online learning for teachers’ authority. The data collection uses in-depth interviews with teachers and parents about their experiences with online learning, as well as observations of the learning process at three levels of schools in Indonesia. The findings indicate that the teacher's authority has been fundamentally decreased. This can be evident in the diminishing opportunities for modeling students’ personalities that result in students’ poor enthusiasm for learning and their low obedience to teachers.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129861706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Agbo, N. Pak, A. Akbarov, G. Madiyeva, Yerbolat Saurykov
{"title":"Global Competitiveness Myths and Ideals: English Language Policy in Universities in Kazakhstan","authors":"S. Agbo, N. Pak, A. Akbarov, G. Madiyeva, Yerbolat Saurykov","doi":"10.1177/10567879221137572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221137572","url":null,"abstract":"It seems Kazakhstan couches superior knowledge in one particular language. The government policy for educational change focuses on reaching some aspects of equivalence or parity with developed and advanced nations to the extent that they approximate the attributes of prestigious national societies such as the rich European and North American countries. Current government policy in Kazakhstan calls for a policy dubbed “trilingualism” which means proficiency in Kazakh, Russian, and English. This study utilized various qualitative methods such as interviews, participant and non-participant observation, and document analysis to investigate faculty, students, and administrators’ experiences of the change from teaching and learning in Russian and Kazakh to English. The findings indicated that for Kazakhstan's universities to become globally competitive, they must have clear-cut goals that directly manifest how language conveys society's essential values. The unpreparedness of students, faculty, and administrators delimits the changeover from Kazakh and Russian to English. Accordingly, among the essential criteria to foster the foundation of development are national identity, harmony between the educational system, and, most generally, the extent of political decision-making to meet the national society's educational needs.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132057411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Five Years Since Endrew F.: How the U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal Have Applied the Endrew F. U.S. Supreme Court Ruling and Why This Matters for Special Education in Schools","authors":"Erin Biolchino","doi":"10.1177/10567879221137577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10567879221137577","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the U.S. Circuit Court cases following the most recent U.S. Supreme Court decision related to special education: Endrew F. v. Douglas County Sch. Dist. (2017). This article will be helpful for school leaders who are on the front lines of implementing special education law as several implications of the Endrew F. case are considered: (1) reasonable progress is the legal standard, (2) crafting an IEP is an individualized, fact-intensive endeavor, (3) parent involvement is critical, (4) beware procedural errors, (5) the law favors the LRE, and (6) be prepared to fully implement the IEP.","PeriodicalId":409871,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Educational Reform","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130607547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}