Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research最新文献

{"title":"Self-Affirmation Intervention to Remove Negative Effects Due to Self-Objectification","authors":"Sarrah I Ali, H. Mahler","doi":"10.24839/2325-7342.JN23.3.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/2325-7342.JN23.3.199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127274364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greetings From the New Editor for the Psi Chi Journal of Undergraduate Research","authors":"R. A. Smith","doi":"10.24839/1089-4136.JN14.4.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/1089-4136.JN14.4.131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125041370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking Cyber Incivility With Job Performance Through Job Satisfaction: The Buffering Role of Positive Affect","authors":"Gary W. Giumetti, Lauren Saunders, Jeralyn P. Brunette, F. DiFrancesco, P. G. Graham","doi":"10.24839/2164-8204.JN21.4.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/2164-8204.JN21.4.230","url":null,"abstract":"PSI CHI JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH ABSTRACT. Incivility at work has the potential to impact both individual (e.g., psychological health) and organizational outcomes (e.g., job performance and turnover). In line with Affective Events Theory, the current study proposed a moderated mediation model wherein employee job satisfaction would mediate the relation between cyber incivility and job performance, and trait positive affect would buffer the negative impact of cyber incivility on performance. Two-hundred twenty participants completed measures of cyber incivility, job satisfaction, job performance, positive affect, negative affect, and quantitative workload. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that cyber incivility was negatively related to job satisfaction (ß = -.19, p = .006), as well as job performance (ß = -.14, p = .037), while controlling for negative affect. Additionally, results of mediation analyses indicated that job satisfaction served as a mediator of the cyber incivility-job performance relationship because employees who experienced cyber incivility reported lower job satisfaction, which was linked with lower job performance (indirect effect = -.020, 95% CIs = -.041, -.009; Sobel z = -2.36, p = .02). Trait positive affect moderated the relationship between cyber incivility and job performance such that the performance of those individuals with higher positive affect was not as negatively impacted by the cyber incivility as individuals with lower positive affect (b = .08, p = .044). The results are discussed in terms of their implications for the wired 21st century world of work. Linking Cyber Incivility With Job Performance Through Job Satisfaction: The Buffering Role of Positive Affect","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125559288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass Murder in the News: How Religion Influences Perception of Terrorism","authors":"K. Keegan, Wendy L. Morris","doi":"10.24839/2325-7342.jn23.5.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/2325-7342.jn23.5.354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126950517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embracing the Past and Looking Toward the Future","authors":"C. Koch","doi":"10.24839/1089-4136.JN13.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/1089-4136.JN13.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115538941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Adults' Psychosocial Adjustment: Does a Best Friend's Gender Matter?","authors":"C. Barry, Lauren Chiaravalloti, Elizabeth May, S. Madsen","doi":"10.24839/2164-8204.JN18.3.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/2164-8204.JN18.3.94","url":null,"abstract":"COPYRIGHT 2013 BY PSI CHI, THE INTERNATIONAL HONOR SOCIETY IN PSYCHOLOGY (VOL. 18, NO. 3/ISSN 2164-8204) *Faculty mentor Friendships are advantageous to psychosocial development throughout the lifespan, but may become increasingly important during the third decade of life as individuals turn to friends instead of parents for support, advice, and companionship (Fehr, 2000). Indeed, due to demographic shifts that have delayed marital and parenthood timing and increased the pursuit of higher education, Arnett (2011) contended that the years from 18 to 29 are characterized by identity explorations, instability (e.g., changing roommates, love partners, jobs, educational directions), self-focus, feeling in-between adolescence and adulthood, and possibilities. As emerging adults experiment with romantic partners, they simultaneously forge close friendships in support of what Erikson (1968) called the young adulthood psychosocial crisis of emotional intimacy versus isolation. Because the majority of best friendships are with members of the same gender1 (Demir & Özdemir, 2010), much of this research on friendships has focused on these relationships and their contribution to psychosocial adjustment; consequently, less is known about the association of other-gender friendships with well-being (c.f., Monsour, 2002). Other-gender friendships provide opportunities for intimacy, companionship, perspective into the world of the other gender, and sexual exploration (among heterosexuals). Significant gender differences exist in emerging adults’ same-gender friendships, such that women tend to focus more on the intimacy aspects of friendships, although men focus mainly on agency (Ruble, Martin, & Berenbaum, 2006). Thus, othergender friendships might impact adjustment differentially for men and women. In this study, we examined emerging adults’ gender and the role of their friends’ gender on psychosocial adjustment (i.e., self-worth, identity, friendship quality, and social physique anxiety). ABSTRACT. Friendship quality has been associated with psychosocial adjustment throughout the lifespan. Although emerging adults’ friendships differ by gender, little is known about how the gender of emerging adults and their friends are related to their psychosocial adjustment. Undergraduate students from 4 U.S. universities (N = 792) completed an online study. Women reported higher levels of self-worth, identity commitment, social physique anxiety, and friendship quality than did men, F(5, 779) = 10.12, p < .001, η2 = .06. A gender x friend’s gender interaction was found, F(5, 779) = 3.22, p = .007, η2 = .02, such that women with male friends reported lower levels of self-worth and more social physique anxiety compared to those with female friends, and men with female friends reported lower levels of self-worth compared to those with male friends. Thus, gender differences existed in emerging adults’ psychosocial adjustment, but the gender of friends also aided in explaining th","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116534575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preschool Attendance as a Predictor of Self-Regulation in Kindergarteners","authors":"Jedd P. Alejandro, Andrew M. Leslie, Brooke C. Manley, A. F. Rivas, Dominic M. Wiltermood, C. K. Bainum","doi":"10.24839/2164-8204.JN21.4.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/2164-8204.JN21.4.222","url":null,"abstract":"Research has found that early childhood education positively impacts the academic success and educational achievement of children all the way through early adulthood (Barnett & Frede, 2010; Campbell & Ramey, 1994; Lamy, 2013). Tough (2012) suggested that preschools help children develop self-regulation skills that are necessary for educational success. It was hypothesized that preschool attendance would predict higher self-regulation than nonattendance, and that girls would have higher self-regulation than boys, as measured by behavioral scores and teacher ratings of self-regulation. Participants included 37 kindergartners. Preschool attendees and nonattendees were tested by condition-blind researchers on 2 subtests of the Preschool Self-Regulation Assessment. Additionally, teachers used items from the Children’s Self-Control Scale to rate participants. A 2 x 2 (Condition x Sex) Analysis of Variance was performed on the Balance Beam, the Gift Wrap Scores, and the teacher ratings of behavioral and cognitive self-control. The Balance Beam Scores were higher in the preschool condition than in the nonpreschool condition, F(1, 33) = 6.18, p = .02, η2 = .15. Also, the Gift Wrap Scores were higher in the preschool condition than in the nonpreschool condition, F(1, 33) = 10.69, p = .003, η2 = .24. Teacher’s ratings of behavioral self-control for girls was higher than for boys, F(1, 33) = 6.94, p = .01, η2 = .17. Also teacher’s ratings of cognitive self-control for girls was higher than for boys, F(1, 33) = 7.73, p < .001, η2 = .19. The benefit of preschool education for the acquisition of self-regulation is addressed. Academic performance is about more than good test scores and a high grade point average. The educational system seems designed to teach students how to get along with their peers, follow instructions, and solve problems, among other things. All of these skills depend on self-discipline as demonstrated by numerous studies, which have shown that the most successful students (behaviorally and academically) are those who have high levels of self-discipline (Bear, 2010; Denham et al., 2012; Duckworth & Seligman, 2005; Kuhnle, Hofer, & Kilian, 2012; Rimm-Kaufman, Curby, Grimm, Nathanson, & Brock, 2009). Additionally, children who have higher levels of self-regulation were found to have higher levels of success in the future (Barnett & Frede, 2010; Campbell & Ramey, 1994; Lamy, 2013). Although self-discipline and self-regulation are often closely tied in operational definitions, Rui and Yi-Lung (2015) described self-discipline as the ability to execute a task while suppressing the urge to become engaged in distractors when pursuing a goal. Although slightly different, self-regulation was defined as the extent to which individuals are able to demonstrate control over their own behavior (Baumeister, Bratslavsky, Muraven, & Tice, 1998; Shoda, Mischel, & Peake, 1990). Kopp (1982) traced the development of self-regulation","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116559962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex and Gender Differences in College Students' Book Carrying Behavior","authors":"S. Sherman, MindyLynn Tayet","doi":"10.24839/1089-4136.JN12.2.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/1089-4136.JN12.2.70","url":null,"abstract":"PSI CHI JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH Summer 2007 Copyright 2007 by Psi Chi, The National Honor Society in Psychology (Vol. 12, No. 2, 70–75 / ISSN 1089-4136). Carrying books is a daily activity that crosses sex, ethnic and national boundaries, which makes it a useful topic through which to examine behavioral differences found in human beings. It has been over 10 years since the last published research on book carrying patterns appeared (McKelvie, 1993). Because of this gap, one primary motivation of this study was to update important past findings in order to identify possible changes in carrying behavior that may have happened due to social changes over time. It is possible that these changes may reflect shifts in gender roles that have occurred. In our first study, we expanded research in this area by examining the relationship between book carrying styles, gender, and body shape. In our second study, we examined cultural and psychological factors that could influence behavior, such as acculturation, self-esteem, and gender identification. Jenni and Jenni (1976) pioneered the research on book carrying behavior. They observed people in all age groups, from children to adults over the course of 6 years and found that women carried books closer to their body (Type II, see bottom row of Figure 1), whereas men carried books at their side (Type I, see top row of Figure 1). They also found that these sex differences were present in countries other than the United States (Costa Rica and El Salvador). In the same year, Hanaway and Burghardt (1976) examined age and sex differences in book carrying behavior. They proposed that body size and physical strength might account for differences in carrying behaviors. However, neither variable made a statistically significant difference. Because book weight was not considered in Hanaway and Burghardt’s (1976) study, Spottswood SARAH M. SHERMAN","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122646141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapist Development: An Investigation of Rapists' Attitudes Toward Women and Parental Style","authors":"C. Meyer, T. L. Mitchell","doi":"10.24839/1089-4136.JN16.1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/1089-4136.JN16.1.43","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122457898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Mood on Task Performance and Task Satisfaction","authors":"D. Cicchetti, K. Moyer, Jeffrey P Nicholas","doi":"10.24839/1089-4136.JN2.4.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24839/1089-4136.JN2.4.127","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the influence that mood states have on task performance and task satisfaction. Forty-four undergraduate students underwent either a positive or negative mood induction procedure and then worked on an anagram task. Mood, task satisfaction, and task performance were assessed. Results showed that mood influenced participants’ satisfaction with the task: participants in the positive mood condition reported more satisfaction with the task than participants in the negative mood condition. Mood did not influence performance on the anagram task. The results are discussed in relation to implications for the understanding of job satisfaction and for the measurement of job satisfaction in organizations.","PeriodicalId":407971,"journal":{"name":"Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123030108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}