Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal最新文献_第4页

Ubuntu: Applying a Southern Theoretical Paradigm to Counter Youth Radicalization 乌班图:运用南方理论范式对抗青年激进化

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1163/21983534-10010006

R. Ghosh

{"title":"Ubuntu: Applying a Southern Theoretical Paradigm to Counter Youth Radicalization","authors":"R. Ghosh","doi":"10.1163/21983534-10010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21983534-10010006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000As societal and community institutions, schools operate within certain worldviews. These worldviews impact the aims and objectives of schooling and therefore influence the culture of the school and classroom, not to mention the content of the curriculum and teacher practices. In this paper I consider the “traditional” African worldview of Ubuntu as a framework or a foundation for schooling and education to combat the alienation and discrimination faced by many students in the schools in Western countries which are pushing neo-liberal objectives but that lead them to violence and increasingly, to radicalization. I look at the recent phenomenon of radicalization that makes societies and nations unsafe, and some of the push and pull factors that are increasingly attracting some students in the contemporary world to extremist actions. While the threat of Islamic terrorism seems to have subsided, the threats from extreme right-wing nationalist and alt-right groups is increasing at a fast pace (Ghosh et al, 2016a; Eger and Valdex, 2014; Fadel, 2019; Jones, 2018). I contrast the concept of Ubuntu with Western values of humanism and analyze the core values of the Ubuntu worldview in pedagogical practices. I conclude that present punitive measures are ineffective in preventing radicalization which poses a security threat to all nations, but that schooling has an important role to play in combating this phenomenon through a worldview that is not only humanistic but different in its very understanding of what a human being is and therefore, in preventing schools from alienating individuals and groups.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84597648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Racialized Global Capitalist Economy: Reading Samir Amin in the 2020s 种族化的全球资本主义经济:20世纪20年代萨米尔·阿明的解读

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1163/21983534-10010007

B. Nordtveit

{"title":"The Racialized Global Capitalist Economy: Reading Samir Amin in the 2020s","authors":"B. Nordtveit","doi":"10.1163/21983534-10010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21983534-10010007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Using Samir Amin’s theories of worldwide value and historical materialism, this article seeks to show that capitalism is inherently racist, at least since the TransAtlantic enslavement, and that its proponents are perpetuating racism by using it as a tool to deepen economic divides, and to destroy solidarity between workers. The global health crisis of Covid-19 demonstrates the expendability of frontline workers, a large proportion of whom are Black people and has exasperated the economic injustice propagated by the capitalist model. The racist and exploitative structure is global, with a Center extracting rent from the Periphery, where political power and “corruptionists” collude with global corporations. In low-intensity democracies such as the US, paid elections at best will lead to politicians making superficial discursive changes at Superstructure level, whereas the racist Base remains the same. Movements such as Black Lives Matter can be shaped and contained through manipulation of media. To change the Base, this article argues the need for “delinking” of the Periphery from the monopoly economy, and rehabilitation of Marxism through creation of a new global organization – a new Internationale of Workers, or a new Bandung. Putin’s invasion of Ukraine in Spring 2022 adds a layer of complexity to the international situation (as it is opening for discourses that are strengthening the monopoly economy worldwide, e.g., in arms manufacturing), but may eventually lead to the demise of the autocratic-capitalist system in Russia, with international repercussions.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75724101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Educational Potential of Ubuntu 论Ubuntu的教育潜力

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-70043-4_4

Y. Waghid

引用次数: 11

‘uMuntu nguMuntu ngaBantu’: Toward an Equitably Infused Global Epistemological Orientation and Global (Philosophy of) Education “uMuntu nguMuntu ngaBantu”:走向公平的全球认识论取向和全球教育哲学

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1163/21983534-10010004

J. Cossa

{"title":"‘uMuntu nguMuntu ngaBantu’: Toward an Equitably Infused Global Epistemological Orientation and Global (Philosophy of) Education","authors":"J. Cossa","doi":"10.1163/21983534-10010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21983534-10010004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The core question in this article is whether, or not, uBuntu and Humanism can simultaneously inform a pursuit of an equitably infused global epistemological orientation and, consequently, an equitably infused global (philosophy of)1 education. I argue that uBuntu and Humanism are not compatible at the very core of their ontological, axiological, and epistemological nature, and thus, might present an epistemological challenge to any attempt to develop an equitably infused global epistemological orientation and an equitably infused global (philosophy of) education. Moreover, I assume the broad etymological definition of philosophy as the ‘love of wisdom’ and that wisdom is a manifestation in uBuntu world, and consequently the love of such, and the resulting need to inquire into the compatibility, while recognizing potential incommensurability, between how wisdom is thought of by Western humanist-derived epistemologies and by uBuntu-derived epistemologies. At the center of the analysis is the nature of ‘human’ or ‘person’ since both Humanism and uBuntu are intrinsically bound to conceptualizations of personhood. Framed within the historical backdrop of the European Renaissance and the African Renaissance, the article comprises a critical historical outlook and analysis of primary and secondary sources of discourses on Humanism and uBuntu. Primary focus is on works of so-called2 classical thinkers such as Heidegger, Husserl, Cheikh Anta Diop, René Descartes, Frederick Nietzsche, Julius Nyerere, and John Mbiti. The key aim is to challenge scholars to work toward the equitable infusion of epistemologies inherent in these two terms, instead of continuing to see these terms as interchangeable, which essentially authenticates and perpetuates the imposition of humanism on non-humanist contexts. The African Renaissance might be the adequate space for such equitable placement of uBuntu as a source of global epistemologies alongside those emanating from Humanism.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87540155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Right to Education and the Spirit of Bandung: Critical Reflections 受教育权与万隆精神:批判性思考

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1163/21983534-10010002

Samir Amin

引用次数: 0

Correlation between Albumin, Colon Leakage Score (CLS), and Anastomotic Leakage after Colorectal Cancer Resection 结直肠癌术后白蛋白、结肠漏液评分(CLS)与吻合口漏的相关性研究

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2666

R. Rudiman, P. Hapsari, Novi Christina Indrajaya

{"title":"Correlation between Albumin, Colon Leakage Score (CLS), and Anastomotic Leakage after Colorectal Cancer Resection","authors":"R. Rudiman, P. Hapsari, Novi Christina Indrajaya","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2666","url":null,"abstract":"Anastomotic leakage is still the most undesirable complication of colorectal surgery. The reported incidence of anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery varies from 1.8% to 15.9%. The impact of anastomotic leakage is increased morbidity, mortality (12–30%), length of stay, and cost of hospitalization; hence, this complication should be prevented as much as possible.Several studies have shown a correlation between low albumin levels and increased anastomotic leakage.The Colon Leakage Score (CLS) is a standard score for predicting anastomotic leakage, but this score does not include the albumin level as a parameter of anastomotic leakage despite the importance of the albumin level’s contribution on the anastomotic leakage. Therefore, this study sought to analyze the correlation between the albumin level, CLS, and the incidence of anastomotic leakage after anastomotic resection surgery in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. This study was a cross-sectional retrospective analytical study on medical records of CRC patients over the age of 18 who underwent intestinal anastomotic resection surgery between 2016–2020. There were thirty-two patients with colorectal cancer underwent anastomotic resection during the study period, with two patients experienced anastomotic leakage. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient for the albumin level and anastomotic leakage was 0.209, while the correlation coefficient between CLS and anastomotic leakage was 0.110. There is no correlation between albumin level, CLS, and the incidence of anastomotic leakage after anastomotic resection surgery in CRC patients treated at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45648811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Pesticide Intoxication Education on Farmer Knowledge and Attitude in Kalidoni District, Palembang City, Indonesia 农药中毒教育对印尼巨港市卡利多尼区农民知识和态度的影响

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2698

T. Prameswarie, Dientyah Nur Anggina, Camelia Panache, Florence Triningtyas

{"title":"Influence of Pesticide Intoxication Education on Farmer Knowledge and Attitude in Kalidoni District, Palembang City, Indonesia","authors":"T. Prameswarie, Dientyah Nur Anggina, Camelia Panache, Florence Triningtyas","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2698","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge and attitude of farmers are among factors that influence pesticide intoxication in farms. They are influenced by several variables, including education. Farmers’ knowledge and attitude on pesticide intoxication may change after they receive interventions, such as education about pesticides. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and attitude of farmers on pesticide intoxication before and after an education session on pesticides in Sei Selincah Sub-district, Kalidoni District. This was a quasi-experimental observational analysis with a two-group pretest posttest design with a control group. This study used primary data from farmers in Sei Selincah Sub-district, Kalidoni District. Sampling was performed using the purposive sampling method and seventy-six respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Results of the statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test showed that there was no difference in the level of knowledge and attitude of farmers before and after education, both fort the intervention group and the control group (p>0.05). Thus, education does not influence the level of knowledge and attitude on pesticides and pesticide intoxication among farmers.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48340967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in CD95L Levels and Blood Test Results in Primary and Secondary Dengue Infection Patients 原发性和继发性登革热感染患者CD95L水平和血液检测结果的差异

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2822

Nurfadly Nurfadly, Iqrina Widia Zahara, Said Munazar Rahmad

{"title":"Differences in CD95L Levels and Blood Test Results in Primary and Secondary Dengue Infection Patients","authors":"Nurfadly Nurfadly, Iqrina Widia Zahara, Said Munazar Rahmad","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2822","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue is a disease caused by dengue virus (DENV) that is transmitted mainly by the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. There are four serotypes of DEN, leading to a possibility that a person may be infected four times by this virus, albeit with different serotypes. Recovery from infection with one viral serotype provides lifelong immunity to the same serotype but not to the other serotypes. Secondary infection by other serotypes increases the risk of developing severe dengue. The pathogenesis of severe dengue involves apoptosis of microvascular endothelial cells that leads to plasma leakage. In addition, there is usually a decrease in platelets and leukocytes and an increase in hematocrit. This study aimed to compare the results of the CD95L examination involved in the apoptotic process and the results of blood tests in primary and secondary dengue patients. This was a cross-sectional study performed in a four months period (September–December 2019) involving several clinics and doctor's private practices in Medan, Indonesia. Subjects were eighty-four dengue patients, consisting of 18 (21%) patients with primary infection and 66 (79%) with secondary infection. Data collected were tested with the Mann Whitney test with p-value of <0.05 considered significant. A significant difference (p value=0.007) was observed in the lymphocyte counts between primary and secondary dengue patients, but no differences were seen in CDL95 level, platelet count, leukocyte count, and hematocrit. In conclusion, except for the lymphocyte count, there is no difference in CD95L level and blood test results between primary and secondary dengue patients.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47776152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos, Carbofuran, and Cypermethrin in Adolescent Rats’ Brain 毒死蜱、呋喃丹和氯氰菊酯对青少年大鼠脑的神经毒性

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2749

Muhammad Ihwan Narwanto, A. Purwandhono, K. Sofiana, Zahrah Febianti, E. Putri, M. A. Jauhani

{"title":"Neurotoxicity of Chlorpyrifos, Carbofuran, and Cypermethrin in Adolescent Rats’ Brain","authors":"Muhammad Ihwan Narwanto, A. Purwandhono, K. Sofiana, Zahrah Febianti, E. Putri, M. A. Jauhani","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2749","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic exposure to insecticides, even at low levels, has led to chronic neurotoxicity. Adolescent brain is still undergoing important developments, including in the hippocampus. This study investigated neurotoxicity effects of subacute exposure to chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and cypermethrin in the brain of adolescent rats. This study was performed at the Histology, Biochemistry, and Animal House Laboratory of Jember University from November to December 2021. Subjects were divided into five groups: normal, control, chlorpyrifos, carbofuran, and cypermethrin. Short-term memory was evaluated by Y maze test and tissue damage was evaluated by histological examination. Brain MDA levels were determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance method to evaluate the oxidative stress effect on the organ. This study showed spontaneous alternation in the Y maze test and the number of pyramidal neurons in hippocampus decreased in the cypermethrin group. There was a significant elevation of brain MDA level in carbofuran and cypermethrin groups. Thus, cypermethrin causes more severe neurotoxicity than carbofuran and chlorpyrifos. Improvements in the insecticide application management are urgently needed to prevent neurotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42374395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) in Patients Treated in an Indonesian Tertiary Hospital from 2008 to 2019 2008年至2019年在印度尼西亚一家三级医院接受治疗的非肌肉侵袭性癌症（NMIBC）患者的特征

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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2418

Ferry Safriadi, I. N. Palgunadi

{"title":"Characteristics of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) in Patients Treated in an Indonesian Tertiary Hospital from 2008 to 2019","authors":"Ferry Safriadi, I. N. Palgunadi","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v54n4.2418","url":null,"abstract":"Bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer in both males and females with a ratio of 3:1. About 75% of bladder cancers are non-muscle invasive bladder cancers (NMIBC). The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) patients treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital as one of the tertiary hospitals in Indonesia. This was a retrospective descriptive study that involved reviewing the medical records of patients diagnosed with NMIBC between January 2008 and December 2019. Characteristics reviewed were age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, urinary tract infection and stone history, intravesical chemotherapy and its side effects, and urinary cytology results. All data were tabulated and charted. Fifty-one out of 773 bladder cancer patients were diagnosed with NMIBC (6.59%). The mean age was 62.94 years old, with the majority of patients were in the 60-69 age group (31.37%). Males constituted the majority of the patients (n=44, 86.27%), with most patients had ideal BMI (66.66%), smoking history (72.54%), urinary tract infection history (56,86%), and urolithiasis history (5.88%). Thirty patients were given intravesical chemotherapy (58.82%), three patients experienced hematuria (10%), and four patients had painful urination (13.33%). Urinary cytology showed atypical cells (92.16%) in the majority of patients. The incidence of NMIBC in bladder cancer patients in our study was 6.59%, which differs from the incidence in developed countries of 75%, as shown in previous literature.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46369220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0