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Technological mercantilism and technological colonization: new challenges for Russia 技术重商主义和技术殖民:俄罗斯面临的新挑战
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2019-08-17 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-84-100
A. N. Petrov, N. Kurakova, I. A. Uchkin
{"title":"Technological mercantilism and technological colonization: new challenges for Russia","authors":"A. N. Petrov, N. Kurakova, I. A. Uchkin","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-84-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-84-100","url":null,"abstract":"An assessment is made of the prospects for Russia’s perception of advanced technological knowledge borrowed in industrialized countries for technological modernization of enterprises in the real sector of the economy. A review of the episodes of 2017–2019, which suggest that the policy of technological mercantelism is becoming more and more distinct and rigid forms, is presented. Especially frankly, it manifests itself in the example of relations between the USA and China, the USA and Russia.The history of the formation and evolution of technological protectionism, starting from the seventeenth century, is considered to the present day. It has been suggested that technological colonization, which is carried out by the technology-leading countries with respect to the countries of the technological periphery, is the highest evolutionary form of technological protectionism.","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115000994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corporate venture capital: global trends and evaluation of russia’s prospects 企业风险投资:全球趋势及对俄罗斯前景的评价
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2019-08-17 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-114-128
О. А. Yeremchenko
{"title":"Corporate venture capital: global trends and evaluation of russia’s prospects","authors":"О. А. Yeremchenko","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-114-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-114-128","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the global trends of corporate venture financing (CFE) as a whole and for individual sectors of the economy. It is shown that the industries in which KFW is most actively and dynamically used are the Internet, mobile communications and healthcare. The maximum attention of corporate venture funds is attracted by start-ups in the early stages of raising capital, more than half of all venture capital deals are made at the Seed / Angel (seed stage) and Early Stage stages (the second stage of attracting start-up capital). The most common exit from venture capital deals during 2014–2018. For most industries, the redemption share of the FAC is a management startup (Management Buyout). It was concluded that Russia is poorly included in the use of corporate venture capital as a tool for building technological capacity: the country’s share in the number of corporate venture capital transactions in 2018 is 1.9% of the global total, and the total investment of Russian enterprises estimated at only 0.45% of the global total. It was suggested that it would be expedient to increase the activity of Russian corporations in the field of creating and using the capabilities of the FSC.","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124208143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What Russian universities have chances to enter in 2020 TOP-100 of three leading world rankings? 哪些俄罗斯大学有机会进入2020年世界三大排名的前100名?
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2019-08-17 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-143-156
V. Moskovkin, He Zhang, M. Sadovski
{"title":"What Russian universities have chances to enter in 2020 TOP-100 of three leading world rankings?","authors":"V. Moskovkin, He Zhang, M. Sadovski","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-143-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-143-156","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the positioning of 52 leading Russian universities in three world rankings (QS, THE, ARWU) was carried out over a seven-year time interval. It is shown that from the analysis of materials and the roughest predictions based on linear extrapolation of data, it can be concluded that none of the 52 leading Russian universities can enter the TOP-100 of the considered ratings. It was concluded that at the very beginning of the launch of the 5–100 project an unreasonable assumption was made that five leading Russian universities could be included in the TOP-100 of one or several of the three world rankings. It is shown that for successful implementation of the project it would be necessary to carry out imitating modeling previously.","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114762265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Determination of the baseline value of the target of the national project «Science» related to the publication activity of the Russian Federation in priority areas 确定与俄罗斯联邦在优先领域的出版活动有关的国家项目“科学”目标的基线值
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2019-08-17 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-101-113
V. Starodubov, F. A. Kurakov
{"title":"Determination of the baseline value of the target of the national project «Science» related to the publication activity of the Russian Federation in priority areas","authors":"V. Starodubov, F. A. Kurakov","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-101-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2019-5-2-101-113","url":null,"abstract":"One of the seven target indicators of the National Science Project (NSP) is “The place of the Russian Federation by share in the total number of articles in the areas defined by the priorities of scientific and technological development in publications indexed in international databases”. The purpose of this study was to assess the basic value of this indicator for disciplines related to priority areas, according to the Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation. The volumes of publication flows of the Russian Federation in 112 disciplines are compared with a similar indicator of countries ranked fifth in the number of publications in the subject area under consideration, indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS CC). A 5–10 fold lag of the Russian Federation was recorded for the most part of the priority areas identified by the passport of the NSP.","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122277236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The emerging nanotechnology spin-offs: nanophotonics 新兴的纳米技术衍生产品:纳米光子学
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2018-12-18 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-4-297-308
A. Terekhov
{"title":"The emerging nanotechnology spin-offs: nanophotonics","authors":"A. Terekhov","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-4-297-308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-4-297-308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"6 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120923633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimation of the place of the Russian Federation by specific weight in the total number of articles on clinical medicine, indexed in the Web of Science 估计俄罗斯联邦在临床医学文章总数中的具体权重，在Web of Science索引
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2018-12-17 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132x-2018-4-4-244-260
N. Kurakova, L. Tsvetkova, O. V. Cherchenko
{"title":"Estimation of the place of the Russian Federation by specific weight in the total number of articles on clinical medicine, indexed in the Web of Science","authors":"N. Kurakova, L. Tsvetkova, O. V. Cherchenko","doi":"10.22394/2410-132x-2018-4-4-244-260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132x-2018-4-4-244-260","url":null,"abstract":"The place of the Russian Federationby specific weight in the total number of articles in the field of clinical medicine, indexed in the international database Web of Science Core Collection (WoS CC) is determined. It is shown that if you strictly comply with the wording of the target of the National Project “Science” and assume that correctly all publications on clinical medicine, indexed in WoS CC, refer to the priority “transition to personalized medicine, high-tech healthcare and health protection technologies, including the expense of rational use of drugs (primarily antibacterial “, then the basic value of this target should be defined as the 36th place in the world. For eniya Russian Federation, one of the five leading countries in the publication activity in the field of clinical medicine Russian professional medical community needs to increase by 13 times the number of articles indexed in the WoS CC, to surpass Japan’s figures, which occupies the 5th position at the end of 2017.","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120957292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Applied science in the departmental universities: Inflated self-esteem and critical thinking (Оn an example of Federal Penitentiary Service’s universities of Russia) 院系大学的应用科学:膨胀的自尊和批判性思维(Оn俄罗斯联邦监狱服务大学的一个例子)
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-23 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-198-209
O. A. Pogudin
{"title":"Applied science in the departmental universities: Inflated self-esteem and critical thinking (Оn an example of Federal Penitentiary Service’s universities of Russia)","authors":"O. A. Pogudin","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-198-209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-198-209","url":null,"abstract":"Article addresses relevant as well as extremely broad topic for local universities related to the assessment of their scientific and practical efficiency. In the center of the author’s attention, there are reportable formal quantitative indicators in chase of which the educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service’s (FPS ofRussia) distort the essence of applied scientific research, in fact, imitating it. Nevertheless, with their help these universities continue informing the public about their own scientific importance and high innovative potential, fully realized for the benefit of institutions which carry out penal sanctions. A critical analysis of such self-assessments obviously overstated and narrowly focused in terms of information reflects the content of this article. The indicator of social and / or economic effect obtained by the penal establishments from their actual implementation in practice could contribute to the objectivity of judgments about the results of the universities’ applied scientific research.","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126245828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The nationalization of the scientific and technological sphere of the Russian Federation: problems and consequences 俄罗斯联邦科学和技术领域的国有化:问题和后果
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-23 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-164-174
N. Kurakova
{"title":"The nationalization of the scientific and technological sphere of the Russian Federation: problems and consequences","authors":"N. Kurakova","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-164-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-164-174","url":null,"abstract":"It is noted that the interim results of the achieved structural changes and the level of technological renewal of the Russian economy make it relevant to reassess the effectiveness of innovative practices and models used in the Russian Federation. The basic provisions of modern science and technology policy are analyzed. The absence of a direct dependence of the level of scientific and technological development of the country on the level of development of the national research and development sector is substantiated. It was recommended to develop a set of measures of modern science and technology policy aimed at reducing the nationalization of the scientific and technological sphere and targeting large and medium-sized companies in the real sector of the economy as the main subjects of the «technological breakthrough».","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115599328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Problems of ensuring the presence of the Russian Federation among the five leading countries of the world in the field of genomic research 确保俄罗斯联邦在基因组研究领域跻身世界五大主要国家之列的问题
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-23 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-227-240
L. Tsvetkova, F. A. Kurakov
{"title":"Problems of ensuring the presence of the Russian Federation among the five leading countries of the world in the field of genomic research","authors":"L. Tsvetkova, F. A. Kurakov","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-227-240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2018-4-3-227-240","url":null,"abstract":"Genomic research is one of the priorities of the country’s scientific and technological development, which have been supported by the instruction of the President to the Government on the development of a program for the development of advanced genomic research and genetic technologies in the Russian Federation, by the national project “Science”, and by the project of tintegrated scientific -technological program “The Postgenomic technologies: editing to synthetic biology”. The target indicator of NP “Science” is to ensure the presence of the Russian Federation among the five leading countries of the world that carry out research and development in areas determined by the priorities of scientific and technological development, and one of the indicators of the implementation of this indicator is “the place of the Russian Federation by share in the total number of applications for a patent for an invention filed in the world”. Comparison of patent activity of residents of theRussian Federationand the leading countries of the world engaged in research and development using the capabilities of highperformance genome sequencing was performed. A map of the competitive landscape in the technological field under consideration has been built, showing that foreign companies such as DowDuPont, Roche Holding and Illumina have already created impressive by volume patent portfolios. It was noted that in order for the developments, that will be created in the world-class genomic technology centers within the NP Science, to be globally competitive, it is already necessary to create conditions for the active participation of the business sector in government projects and programs.","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"20 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116639175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE RISKS OF IMPLEMENTING GENOMIC RESEARCH PROGRAMMES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 在俄罗斯联邦实施基因组研究项目的风险
The Economics of Science Pub Date : 2018-09-17 DOI: 10.22394/2410-132X-2017-4-2-84-94
A. N. Petrov, N. Kurakova
{"title":"THE RISKS OF IMPLEMENTING GENOMIC RESEARCH PROGRAMMES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION","authors":"A. N. Petrov, N. Kurakova","doi":"10.22394/2410-132X-2017-4-2-84-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2017-4-2-84-94","url":null,"abstract":"In order to implement The strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, the state program of genomic research and the complex scientific and technological program “Postgenomic technologies: from genetic editing to synthetic biology” are planned to be implemented in the country. Noting the obvious prospects and expediency of the development of post-genome editing technologies and high-tech industries based on them, the authors of the article highlight the barriers and risks of the full life cycle projects: the lack of sufficient number of personnel, the low level of competitiveness of domestic scientific and technological reserves, the lack of modern instrumentation, the lack of industrial partners, as well as the problems of normative and legal regulation of genetic engineering activities in the Russian Federation. Made in the framework of the study the analysis of global competitive landscape in the technology of genome editing showed that by 2018, several multinational companies have established a strong portfolio of patent documents as a tool for the conquest of leading positions in the markets generated by the post-genomic technologies.","PeriodicalId":407516,"journal":{"name":"The Economics of Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130948004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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