Geographical Review of Japan-Series B最新文献_第7页

Relationship between Terra/ASTER Land Surface Temperature and Ground-observed Air Temperature Terra/ASTER地表温度与地面观测气温的关系

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.88.38

Konno Shohei, Izumi Takeki, Takahashi Hideo

{"title":"Relationship between Terra/ASTER Land Surface Temperature and Ground-observed Air Temperature","authors":"Konno Shohei, Izumi Takeki, Takahashi Hideo","doi":"10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.88.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.88.38","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimated near-ground air temperature (Ta) from Terra/ASTER-obtained land surface temperature (LST) for different land cover categories in a hilly region under a clear and calm night in winter. Temperature differences (ΔT) between LST and Ta were related to the land cover categories and their spatial extents. In the extended area of forest land, spatially averaged ΔT in the area (ΔTm) was −0.1°C, and the relationship between LST and Ta showed less variability (standard deviation of ΔT (SD)=0.8°C) and high correlation (coefficient of determination between Ta and LST (R2)=0.70). This result suggests we can evaluate Ta directly from LST in this area. In the extended area of bare land, ΔTm, SD and R2 were −1.5°C, 0.9°C and 0.85, respectively, which indicated that accurate estimation of Ta is possible by correcting LST by ΔTm. In the extended area of artificial land, ΔTm showed statistically non-significant trend. In the case of intermingled area of more than one type of land cover, ΔTm, SD and R2 were −0.8°C, 0.9°C and 0.71 in the forest land of the intermingled area, which suggested that we can estimate Ta in this area precisely by correcting LST by ΔTm. In the bare land of the intermingled area, though ΔTm was −1.4°C, large variations (SD=1.4°C) and low correlations (R2=0.33) were found.","PeriodicalId":40646,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Review of Japan-Series B","volume":"31 1","pages":"38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87240644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Tokyo Lecture: Geography and Politics 东京讲座:地理与政治

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.76

D. Massey

引用次数: 1

Fluvial geomorphology and characteristics of modern channel bars in the lower stung sen river, Cambodia 柬埔寨刺森河下游河流地貌与现代河道坝特征

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.115

Nagumo Naoko, Sugai Toshihiko, Kubo Sumiko

{"title":"Fluvial geomorphology and characteristics of modern channel bars in the lower stung sen river, Cambodia","authors":"Nagumo Naoko, Sugai Toshihiko, Kubo Sumiko","doi":"10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.115","url":null,"abstract":"Tributaries of Lake Tonle Sap in the Lower Mekong Basin are strongly influenced by seasonal changes of water level in Lake Tonle Sap and discharge of the Mekong River. The aim of this research was to gain a better understanding of the fluvial geomorphology of the Stung Sen River, a tributary of Lake Tonle Sap. We used stereopairs of aerial photographs and satellite images to identify the microtopography of the floodplain and riverbed, and field surveys to observe bankside topography and deposits. We recognized four types of channel bar in the lower Stung Seng River: lateral bars (type A), point bars (type B), concave-bank benches (type C), and diagonal and island bars (type D). Type A appears to have a complementary relationship with type D. In some instances types A and D bars transition to type B bars and, in rare instances, into type C bars. These changes are probably related to channel sinuosity and changes in the volume of transported sediment. Sediment transport and construction of the channel bars appears to be controlled by shifts of the flow regime of the Stung Sen River related to differences in the rate of water level rise in the river compared to those in Lake Tonle Sap. The riverine environment differs greatly from that of the floodplain, where sediment is deposited from suspension during periods of inundation.","PeriodicalId":40646,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Review of Japan-Series B","volume":"147 1","pages":"115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80598446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Comparison of Temperature Increases with Urban Surface Cover for Different Geographical Conditions in Japan 日本不同地理条件下气温上升与城市地表覆盖的比较

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2014-08-29 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.65

Ito Rui, Sato Takehiko, Takemi Tetsuya

{"title":"Comparison of Temperature Increases with Urban Surface Cover for Different Geographical Conditions in Japan","authors":"Ito Rui, Sato Takehiko, Takemi Tetsuya","doi":"10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.65","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reveal the relationships between physical-geographical conditions and temperature rises in cities, the dependence of the rate of surface air temperature rise on urban surface cover was compared for different physical-geographical conditions for cities in Japan. The monthly mean temperatures observed in 74 sites selected to fulfill specific criteria from 1964 to 2011 and land use data categorized into 11 types, at 100 m spatial resolution, including buildings and roads, were used. The rate of the monthly mean of the daily mean temperature rise for the coastal sites has a positive correlation with the distance from the coastline. The rate of temperature rise was found to be positively correlated with an urban cover index for the coastal observation sites within 7 km from the coastline, and for the sites including the coastal sites more than 7 km away from the coastline and the inland sites. The change in the rate of temperature rise with respect to the urban cover index is higher for the inland sites than for the coastal sites within 7 km of the coast. The largest difference in the rates is shown in winter. The rate of temperature rise at sites more than 7 km away from the coast is similar to those at inland sites. The study has implications for predicting future changes in cities and the greater vulnerability of inland cities to enhanced warming.","PeriodicalId":40646,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Review of Japan-Series B","volume":"100 1","pages":"65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80926354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Changing Peddling Activities in a Traditional Vegetable Producing Area: The Case of Kamigamo district, Kyoto 传统蔬菜产地叫卖活动的变迁:以京都神模区为例

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2014-08-29 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.47

H. Akiko

{"title":"Changing Peddling Activities in a Traditional Vegetable Producing Area: The Case of Kamigamo district, Kyoto","authors":"H. Akiko","doi":"10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.47","url":null,"abstract":"The activity of peddlers and the characteristics of peddlers’ village were analyzed, and the present status of the peddling activities and the features of the peddler’s village were clarified. Discussion focused on the factors of why peddling activities continue today in Kamigamo district, Kyoto. The characteristics of peddling activities in Kamigamo district were: 1) Peddling is mainly carried out by women, and agricultural work is done by their husbands. Both the peddlers and customers pass their work on to their daughters-in-law, making it difficult for men to participate. 2) Peddling activities were important to complement the income from rice farming as the peddlers could get money immediately. 3) Peddling is a single-day activity. The peddling activities in the suburban areas involved production activities in residential areas. 4) A relationship of trust is established between the peddlers and their customers beyond the commercial act. The characteristics of agriculture in Kamigamo district were: 1) Considering the fact that Kamigamo district is a suburban area of Kyoto, the farmlands owned by the peddlers are small. Small amounts of various vegetables are grown. 2) The peddling farmers grow various traditional vegetables. The factors contributing to the continued peddling activities are: the peddling farmers maintain small farmlands and continue their agricultural work while urban land use has expanded; and the traditional vegetables that the peddling farmers grow are closely connected to the daily food of ordinary local people.","PeriodicalId":40646,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Review of Japan-Series B","volume":"os-10 1","pages":"47-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87188756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reverse of Good Practice in Forest Preservation: Household Economy of Alangan-Mangyan and Community-Based Forest Management Program in the Philippines 森林保护良好做法的逆转:菲律宾阿兰干-芒延的家庭经济和社区森林管理项目

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2014-08-29 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.2

Shiraishi Natsuko

{"title":"Reverse of Good Practice in Forest Preservation: Household Economy of Alangan-Mangyan and Community-Based Forest Management Program in the Philippines","authors":"Shiraishi Natsuko","doi":"10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.2","url":null,"abstract":"The Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) program in the Philippines was enacted to reduce poverty and manage natural resources by transferring the responsibility of land use to local residents, as per the slogan “putting the people first, sustainable forestry will follow.” However, today, the very concept and the effectiveness of the CBFM program are being questioned because there has been little improvement in forestry or social welfare in the upland society. The strengths and weaknesses of the idea of community-based development have been discussed previously. However, it is more critical that we understand how the local agents are adapting their lives to the changing but regulated world and the conditions that enable their survival than continue to criticize the very idea of community-based development. This study examined these issues using household economic data from the residential community of Alangan-Mangyan, comprised of indigenous people, on Mindoro Island in the Philippines. The results demonstrated that cash income in the lowlands or alternative resources gained from development aid sustain the livelihood or survival of the households, making up for forest-dependent revenue lost due to institutional regulations such as the prohibition of traditional slash-and-burn farming. In addition, a taste shift caused by change of lifestyle, as evidenced by an increase in the purchase of rice, has been observed, and the economic base is shifting from a subsistence economy to a monetary economy. These results identify the conditions that enable the survival of the indigenous residents relying on a combination of hardscrabble subsistence living and several forms of development aid.","PeriodicalId":40646,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Review of Japan-Series B","volume":"27 1","pages":"2-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83123719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Strategy of ‘Scale’ in Policy-Making Process: A Case Study of Eco-Town Project, Kitakyushu City 政策制定过程中的“规模”策略——以北九州市生态城镇项目为例

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2014-08-29 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.15

Yin Guanwen

{"title":"The Strategy of ‘Scale’ in Policy-Making Process: A Case Study of Eco-Town Project, Kitakyushu City","authors":"Yin Guanwen","doi":"10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.15","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to implement sustainability-oriented policies through environmental governance have become increasingly critical across the globe, during the past 20 years. This article analyzes the policy-making process of an Eco-Town project, a support policy for the development of the recycling industry in Japan, based on a case study in Kitakyushu City. Contrary to the majority of literature on Eco-Towns, which primarily examines economic factors, this article aims to illustrate the struggles, negotiations, and collaboration necessary between the local government and actors at different scales. In order to implement a recycling scheme in the post-steel era, the Kitakyushu City Government coordinated with various actors through the strategy of scale. The local government initiated a local recycling scheme to address global environmental issues and to persuade other actors to change their attitudes. The local government contacted national actors to seek support and stretch its influence. Similarly, facing protests by citizens and civic organizations, it emphasized environmental issues on a global scale in order to legitimize its claims and seek understanding. Furthermore, it cooperated with actors in other countries to continue to stretch its influence on a transnational scale. As a result, consensus was established and a cooperative relationship emerged among the actors participating in the policy-making process. The recycling scheme was then successfully implemented as an Eco-Town project, and the Eco-Town concept spread to the transnational scale indicating that the strategy of scale is useful in the policy-making process and in expanding the influence of the policy.","PeriodicalId":40646,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Review of Japan-Series B","volume":"44 1","pages":"15-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77297542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Report on the 8th Japan-Korea-China Joint Conference on Geography 第八届中日地理学联合会议报告

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2014-08-29 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.41

Norito Takashi, Konno Ena

引用次数: 1

The Spatial Evolution of Population in Kazakhstan from the 21st Century 21世纪以来哈萨克斯坦人口空间演变

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2014-08-29 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.27

Wuzhati Yeerken, Liu Hui, L. Weidong

{"title":"The Spatial Evolution of Population in Kazakhstan from the 21st Century","authors":"Wuzhati Yeerken, Liu Hui, L. Weidong","doi":"10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.87.27","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 21st century, driven by the oil trade, Kazakhstan’s economy and its society have developed rapidly. The population loss caused by the collapse of the Soviet Union has now been mitigated and there is a steady movement towards expansion of the population scale. However, environment pollution and resource scarcity weight heavily on survival in some regions. Thus, the aim of this research is to analyze the distribution, and the spatial evolution of population in Kazakhstan since the 21st century. Analysis based on the research reveals that the population of Kazakhstan demonstrates a decreasing pattern which evolves from outside to inside, from east to west. The largest population group is mainly distributed in the southern and southeastern areas, especially along the west side of the Tianshan mountain. Also, the urban population remains high in central Kazakstan but low in north and south of the state. Another finding of this research is a clearly differentiated distribution in Kazakhstan. In the final section, this article analyzes characteristics in areas of natural environment, economic development and national policy system are discussed.","PeriodicalId":40646,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Review of Japan-Series B","volume":"7 1","pages":"27-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88551981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction of New Commercial Crops into a Rural Village: A Case of Horticulture Production in Dedaur Village, UP, India 在农村引进新的经济作物:以印度北方邦戴德尔村的园艺生产为例

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Geographical Review of Japan-Series B Pub Date : 2014-03-25 DOI: 10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.86.174

Araki Hitoshi, C. Singh

{"title":"Introduction of New Commercial Crops into a Rural Village: A Case of Horticulture Production in Dedaur Village, UP, India","authors":"Araki Hitoshi, C. Singh","doi":"10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.86.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4157/GEOGREVJAPANB.86.174","url":null,"abstract":"From the viewpoint of the food chain and based on an intensive survey, we discussed the growth of horticulture and the impact on remote rural villages. A case-study village was selected in Raebareli District, Uttar Pradesh, that is outside the area directly affected by big cities like Lucknow and Kanpur, in order to investigate the real situation of farmers engaged in the newly developed horticulture. According to the survey some farmers can get higher income from the recently introduced commercial crops such as banana, mango and menthol but the cost of cultivation is not small. Therefore, only higher-level farmers can introduce these high-income commercial crops and the lower-level ones cannot. In this sense the direct impact of the newly introduced commercial crops is exclusive to the higher-level farmers. But we focused on the increase in employment opportunities for agricultural laborers within the village. This is created by the commercial crop farming of higher-level farmers. Lower-level villagers cannot self-directively engage in agricultural labor in the horticultural sector, though the higher-level farmers can develop their self-directive farm management. However, in whatever form, expansion of cash income opportunities has brought chances to improve quality of life in remote rural areas where there are very few non-agricultural employment opportunities. It is important for the village to introduce commercial crops as a form of horticultural crop that needs much manpower to cultivate. Such crops carry significance for the village economy, more so than the traditional crops that have been mechanized and need little manpower to cultivate.","PeriodicalId":40646,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Review of Japan-Series B","volume":"8 1","pages":"174-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72667560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0