International Business & Economics Research Journal最新文献

{"title":"Government Expenditure And National Income: Causality Tests For Five South East Asian Countries","authors":"E. Dogan, Tuck Cheong Tang","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V5I10.3516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V5I10.3516","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the direction of causality between national income and government expenditures for Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Granger causality tests are used to investigate the causal links between the two variables. Times series data covering last four decades are used. Support for the hypothesis that causality runs from government expenditures to national income has been found only in the case of Philippines. There is no evidence for this hypothesis and its reverse for the other countries.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116940544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Management: Enforcing Protection Of Foreign Intellectual Property In China","authors":"Elizabeth More","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V6I1.3331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V6I1.3331","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last few years, China has escalated as a marketplace for Australian business and for higher education, with 55,000 Chinese mainland students officially recorded in 2003 (DEST, 2005). On the 18/4/05, China and Australia signed a formal statement of interest for commencing negotiations on a free-trade agreement, one which could eventually have wide repercussions for both business and education sectors (Taylor and Sutherland, 2005; DFAT, 2006). Already, a fastmoving China is transforming Australia (Dusevic, 2005). Consequently, we need to better understand the intellectual property (IP) issues confronting us in China, whilst exploiting its exciting opportunities, including its culture of education (Dusevic, 2005). This paper, therefore, considers a variety of issues impinging on evolution and enforcement of IP in China, taking note of key variables such as history, culture, politics and attitudes to law more broadly. It then examines current issues confronting IP protection. The paper concludes that understanding factors affecting enforcement are central to dealing with ongoing challenges to Australian business and education of China’s piracy and counterfeiting.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116668963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-day Trading Volume Patterns Of Equity Markets: A Study Of US And European Stock Markets","authors":"Deniz Ozenbas","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V7I8.3285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V7I8.3285","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the pattern of intra-day volume of trading in five different equity markets: The New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ in the US, and The London Stock Exchange, Deutsche Boerse, and Euronext Paris in Europe. For the European markets, we repeat our investigation for two separate study periods to check for the consistency of our results and also to account for important rule changes that took place in the middle of the year in those markets. For the US markets, the intra-day pattern of volume is a reverse J-shape, consistent with previous literature. On the other hand, for all the European markets, volume is quite low at the open and picks up towards the end of the trading day. The most striking case is the London Stock Exchange, where, at the beginning of the day, the volume is the lowest across all markets studied. Additionally, we find that the rule changes in the European markets pertaining to introduction of call auctions, and extension of trading hours met with mixed success.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126654658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Impact Of Financial Structure On The Volatility Of The Real Exchange Rate","authors":"Hong-Ghi Min","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V6I1.3333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V6I1.3333","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the role of financial structure on the volatility of real effective exchange rates in Korea. (1). Historical developments of size, activity and efficiency of financial structure, including banking and nonblank financial institutions, are investigated for the last three decades in Korea. (2). Using the concept of bank-based and market-based financial structure, it is shown that there exists a stable long-run relationships between the financial structure of an economy and the volatility of real effective exchange rates. (3). Development of market-based system can successfully isolate foreign shocks and reduce the volatility of the real effective exchange rates while increased bank-based system destabilize the volatility of the real exchange. This can be explained by the strong requirement of information disclosure in the stock market induce risk-sharing activities of investors. (4). Policy implication is that transfer of risk from banking sector to stock market or non-bank financial institutions could stabilize the volatility of asset prices.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129662595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Multiple Intelligences, Culture And Diversity","authors":"S. Wilson, B. Mujtaba","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V6I8.3393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V6I8.3393","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of intelligence, whether hereditary or acquired, has been the subject of discussion since the beginning of time and will probably keep researchers and authors talking for many years to come. However, one statement needs to be clarified that studies seem to indicate that people of all backgrounds and cultures have similar capacities of intelligences. Despite this fact, there seems to be widespread discrimination and stereotypes in today’s workplace. Effective management and leadership require that our workplaces are free of biases so everyone can work synergistically. The paper provides some reflections on multiple intelligences, culture and diversity management and concludes by offering a discussion of social and emotional intelligences for diversity management as well as suggestions for tolerating, respecting and understanding each other’s differences.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115801924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Organizational Culture on the Success of Knowledge Management Practices with North American Companies","authors":"Claudette Chin-Loy, B. Mujtaba","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V6I3.3350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V6I3.3350","url":null,"abstract":"This research tests a model of the moderating effect of organizational culture on the relationship between knowledge management and organizational benefits and a positive relationship between knowledge management and organizational benefits. This topic is related to organizational strategic issues such as sharing knowledge and developing new capacities for action through learning processes. The 133 respondents represented 38 of the 49 North American companies recognized for their knowledge management “best practices” initiatives. There were two instruments used in this study: Cameron and Quinn’s 1999 OCAI measured four types of organizational culture (Clan, Adhocracy, Market, and Hierarchy), and Lawson’s (2002) KMAI assessed Knowledge Management and Organizational Benefits. Emphasizing the competing values framework, the results from the study show that organizational culture is positively related to organizational benefits with high positive intercorrelations.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121324088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Fallacy Of Assuming Equality: Evidence Showing Vastly Different Weighting Of The Global Reporting Initiative\"s Key Items","authors":"D. Suhardjanto, G. Tower, Alistair M. Brown","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V7I8.3280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V7I8.3280","url":null,"abstract":"The press represents the media as a key stakeholder group that is largely ignored by the strategic management branch of stakeholder theory. This study analyses over 2000 articles of the local, regional and national coverage of environmental reporting items to measure press coverage priorities as the weighting mechanism for importance of various environmental issues. The results show a dramatically diverse coverage of the 35 items of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). This paper thus provides stakeholder evidence of environmental press coverage demonstrating hugely diverse priorities. The findings sharply question the assumption of equal weightings for communication studies employing the popular Global Reporting Initiative (2002; 2006). This study posits that such a fundamentally different index weighting provides a more relevant and useful guide for developing countries wishing to take up the spirit of the global reporting initiative. The need for country/cultural specific weightings is advocated.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134072215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weak Form Efficiency In Indian Stock Markets","authors":"Rakesh Gupta, P. Basu","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V6I3.3353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V6I3.3353","url":null,"abstract":"Hypothesis of Market Efficiency is an important concept for the investors who wish to hold internationally diversified portfolios. With increased movement of investments across international boundaries owing to the integration of world economies, the understanding of efficiency of the emerging markets is also gaining greater importance. In this paper we test the weak form efficiency in the framework of random walk hypothesis for the two major equity markets in India for the period 1991 to 2006. The evidence suggests that the series do not follow random walk model and there is an evidence of autocorrelation in both markets rejecting the weak form efficiency hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121327065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences In Susceptibility To Normative Social Influence On The Purchase Decisions Of Designer Label Apparel","authors":"G. Khan, N. Khan","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V7I8.3279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V7I8.3279","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines susceptibility to normative social influence on purchase decisions of designer label apparel in Malaysia. The study focuses on the youth market with special consideration given to gender differences. Influences of family and peers were examined along with celebrity influences. A total of 319 youth participated in the study. Results indicate that gender differences do exist with males exhibiting a higher likelihood of being influenced by their reference groups. Celebrity influence was also found to be weaker than that exerted by direct reference groups.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"6 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123267606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outsourcing Practices In Malaysia: A SWOT Analysis On The ICT Industry","authors":"Magiswary Dorasamy, Murali Raman, M. Kaliannan","doi":"10.19030/IBER.V6I8.3399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19030/IBER.V6I8.3399","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, outsourcing has emerged as an important tool for enabling business around the world to gain full benefit. As Malaysia develops, the businesses must keep pace with changes that are occurring. Outsourcing initiatives are intended to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the business processes as well as IT performance. The rethinking of business strategies to develop and exploit core competencies, set the outsourcing bandwagon rolling. It seeks to improve the quality, cost efficiency and seize of competitive advantage. This paper discusses the potential of Malaysia as a global player for ICT outsourcing. The paper focuses on SWOT analysis of ICT outsourcing in Malaysia. This paper identifies current situations in Malaysia and discuss further with the analysis on strength, weaknesses, opportunity and threats which will give effect to the businesses and society at large. No significant study has been carried out on analyzing the ICT outsourcing industry’s potential in Malaysia. This is an emerging industry that Malaysian companies can focus on by leveraging on thier strengths and avoiding the threats within the overall ICT outsourcing foray. The lack of studies and the potential of this industry in Malaysia, motivate the authors to write about this topic. Our findings suggests that, Malaysia has the strength of becoming world player in ICT outsourcing because sufficient infrastructure, strategic position of Malaysia and English language is widely spoken. These are the plus points of Malaysia to further excel as the provider of ICT outsourcing. On the other hand, the weaknesses that need to overcome is the low level of ereadiness in the world ranking. Political will and links with Middle East, China and India are the opportunities for Malaysia to laverage on its strength. However, Malaysia also need to avoid the threats such as slowly loosing competitive edge to lower cost producers namely Vietnam and China. Finally, our paper concludes with some options to enhance the capabilities of Malaysia as ICT outsourcing provider.","PeriodicalId":406250,"journal":{"name":"International Business & Economics Research Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121674354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}