PolymerPub Date : 2026-03-06Epub Date: 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129696
Chuxuan Chen, Zhaoyi Liu, Chaoqun Liu, Wei Yang, Guoqi Ma, Jiaping Pan, Yang Lv, Jinghui Gao, Li Yin
{"title":"Molecular dynamics study on the formation of the interface between low-density polyethylene and cross-linked polyethylene","authors":"Chuxuan Chen, Zhaoyi Liu, Chaoqun Liu, Wei Yang, Guoqi Ma, Jiaping Pan, Yang Lv, Jinghui Gao, Li Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exploring the interfacial behavior between different polymers is a hot issue in macromolecular blend materials. This paper takes low-density polyethylene (LDPE), cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as models to investigate the interface formation process of different polymers and the diffusion behavior of small molecules by molecular dynamics simulation method using Consistent-Valence Force Field (CVFF) force field. The results reveal that interface between LDPE and XLPE forms through the penetration of linear polymer chains to cross-linked polymer chains, and van der Waals potential is the main driving attractive force. Temperature, pressure, and polymer network structure were found to have significantly influence the interface formation process. Additionally, DCP can introduce corss-linking structures to interface in theroy, the mobility of DCP in XLPE and LDPE were investigated and found that the diffusion coefficients of DCP in XLPE is only 1%–8% campring to that in LDPE. This study contributes to a further understanding of the interfacial formation mechanism of LDPE/XLPE blends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129696"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2026-03-06Epub Date: 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129699
Brett McLeland, Dean Afsar, Ayesha Imiya Mudiyanselage, Patricia R. Calvo
{"title":"Temperature-responsive hyperbranched block copolymers via RAFT self-condensing vinyl polymerization","authors":"Brett McLeland, Dean Afsar, Ayesha Imiya Mudiyanselage, Patricia R. Calvo","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stimuli-responsive polymers that undergo sharp transitions in aqueous solution are of broad interest for drug delivery, sensing, and self-assembly. Here we report the synthesis of hyperbranched poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (HB-PNIPAM-b-PDMA) block copolymers via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-mediated self-condensing vinyl polymerization (SCVP) of well-defined macro chain-transfer monomers (macro-CTMs). PNIPAM and PDMA precursors were prepared with high end-group fidelity and converted to macro-CTMs, enabling hyperbranched chain extensions alongside linear and random analogues for systematic comparison. All polymerizations proceeded to high conversion, and the degree of branching was tunable with monomer feed and precursor length. Thermoresponsive behavior was strongly influenced by architecture. Linear block copolymers exhibited composition-dependent cloud points between 48 and 67 °C, while random copolymers showed transitions ∼10 °C higher than their block counterparts. In contrast, hyperbranched copolymers displayed broadened and shifted transitions, with cloud points spanning ∼31.5 °C to >80 °C depending on composition, degree of polymerization, and macro-CTM identity. Dynamic light scattering confirmed thermal aggregation above the transition. These results establish branching as a powerful design parameter for tuning the location and breadth of thermal transitions beyond what is achievable with linear copolymers, offering new opportunities for engineering responsive assemblies with tailored properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129699"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2026-03-06Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129634
Ashraful Islam , Sudip Kumar Lahiri , Md. Akil Akhter , Muhammad Imran , Dong Mengmeng , Yanbo Liu
{"title":"Green engineering of water-insoluble PVA/PAA nanofiber respiratory membranes for efficient particulate matter filtration with low pressure drop","authors":"Ashraful Islam , Sudip Kumar Lahiri , Md. Akil Akhter , Muhammad Imran , Dong Mengmeng , Yanbo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution is a major concern due to rising particulate matter (PM) levels, requiring efficient filtration technologies for respiratory protection, and integrating eco-friendly fabrication methods further enhances environmental sustainability. We report water-insoluble nanofibrous membranes that combine high filtration efficiency (FE) with a low pressure drop (ΔP) for use in such masks. Using 18 % (w/v) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) solutions in water, we electrospun four types of nanofiber membranes under optimised conditions (25 kV, 20 cm, 25 °C, 50 % RH). These included a pure PVA membrane and three PVA/PAA (60/40 wt%) composite membranes containing PAA of 3 kDa (NFM-1), 50 kDa (NFM-2), and both 3 kDa and 50 kDa (NFM-3). To induce crosslinking, all membranes were heat-treated at 100–160 °C for 25 min. Filtration tests showed that NFM-2 heat-treated at 140 °C achieved ∼99 % FE for particles ≥0.5 μm, with a ΔP of only 48 ± 1 Pa. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed smooth fibers with an average diameter of ∼192 nm and 59 % porosity for NFM-2. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of ester linkages (–C<img>O–O–R) at ≥120 °C between PVA and PAA, indicating successful thermal crosslinking and improved stability. After crosslinking, NFM-2 also exhibited a water contact angle (θ) of ∼90° and retained 100 % of its weight after immersion in 70 °C water, demonstrating complete water insolubility. The nanofiber membranes were further integrated with polypropylene (PP) spunbond and meltblown nonwovens in multilayer assemblies (up to four layers) to evaluate composite filter performance. This water-based, organic-solvent-free electrospinning process offers a green approach to producing high-performance respiratory filters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Highly efficient H2O2 photosynthesis coupled with benzylamine oxidation catalyzed by donor-acceptor type vinylene-linked covalent organic frameworks","authors":"Shujie Qiao, Machao Wang, Jun Wang, Mingshuan Yang, Zhiyong Guo, Hongbing Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) production is a safe, economical and environmentally friendly method to convert solar energy into storable chemical energy. However, the slow water oxidation process derived from the photogenerated valence holes is one of the main obstacles for the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> generation. The abovementioned dilemma can be resolved by consuming holes with sacrificial agent, e.g. benzylamine. In this paper, two vinylene-linked covalent organic frameworks (denoted as TMBP-1 and TMBP-2) with different donor-acceptor (D-A) strengths were synthesized. The constructed D-A architecture promoted the intramolecular charge transfer, which bolstered their corresponding photocatalytic performance. Impressively, when TMBP-2 adopted as the photocatalyst and air employed as the sole oxidant, highly efficient benzylamine coupling yield (>99.9 %) with a high H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production up to 6.3 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> can be obtained within 5 h under ambient conditions. Generally, this work provided a green pathway for the photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production together with the manufacture of high value-added chemical intermediates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of curcumin-loaded microparticles from star-shaped poly(lactic acid) stereo-complex","authors":"Ayane Kawamura , Tsutomu Ishihara , Masanori Terasaki , Tomohiro Sago , Tadashi Tsukamoto , Yuji Shibasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of new biocompatible and biodegradable microparticles offering longer sustained drug release and greater stability than existing systems remains critical for subcutaneous injections. In this study, new microparticles based on a polylactide (PLA) stereo-complex (scPLA) stabilized with stearyl poly(ethylene glycol) (stPEG) were prepared. Curcumin, as a carrier drug, was encapsulated inside the prepared scPLA microparticles using the solution mixing method. Optical PLA isomers were prepared to enhance the loading capacity using mannose as a polyfunctional initiator, and scPLA samples were prepared via solution precipitation using the corresponding isomers. Varying the molecular weights and combinations of the isomers yielded scPLA microparticles with sizes ranging from 1.0 to 2.2 μm. These particles exhibited a single melting point (<em>T</em><sub>m</sub>) at approximately 215 °C, confirming the absence of PLA crystals (<em>T</em><sub>m</sub> = 150 °C). The desired curcumin-containing scPLA microparticles were successfully prepared by co-introducing curcumin and stPEG in the solution, with the maximum curcumin loading capacity reaching 14 wt%. scPLA microparticles loaded with curcumin showed significantly superior sustained release properties compared to nanoparticles composed of well-known mPEG-PLA copolymers also loaded with curcumin. This indicates that the highly stable crystalline structure of scPLA enabled the long-term drug release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129695"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2026-03-06Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129669
Young Kwang Kim , Hye-Jin Seo , Seong Hui Hong , Chang-Hun Lee , Ik Sung Choi , Hyun Woo Song , Sang Kyoo Lim
{"title":"Key determinants of hydrolytic stability of PLA/PBS blend fibers: The role of aromatic sulfonate derivative and carbodiimide","authors":"Young Kwang Kim , Hye-Jin Seo , Seong Hui Hong , Chang-Hun Lee , Ik Sung Choi , Hyun Woo Song , Sang Kyoo Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrolytic stability of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) blend fibers was systematically investigated by incorporating an aromatic sulfonate derivative (nucleating agent, N) and carbodiimide (anti-hydrolysis agent, Anti-H). Neat PLA/PBS blend fibers (3 wt% PBS) retained only ∼53.9% of their initial tensile strength after hydrolysis, whereas fibers containing both the nucleating agent (N) and anti-hydrolysis agent (Anti-H) preserved up to 97.2% of their initial strength. DSC and 2D-WAXD analyses showed that N selectively promoted the development and retention of the PLA (203) crystalline reflection, accompanied by enhanced crystallinity and molecular orientation along the PLA (200)/(110) planes. 1D-WAXD demonstrated that the intensity ratio of PLA (203) to PLA (200)/(110) reflections correlates with hydrolytic retention following a Boltzmann-type sigmoidal relationship, with a critical threshold x<sub>0</sub> ≈ 0.227. Time-dependent FTIR and XPS analyses demonstrated that Anti-H effectively capped the terminal –COOH groups, suppressing autocatalytic chain scission and providing complementary chemical stabilization. Hydrolysis decreased –COOH and –C<img>O functional groups, while the H-bonded –OH increased. Correlation analysis indicated that changes in –C<img>O most strongly influenced tensile retention. SEM observations revealed smooth fiber surfaces with no discernible defects or phase separation, as well as minimal morphological and compositional changes in the optimized fibers after hydrolysis. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the exceptional hydrolytic durability of PLA/PBS blend fibers arises from the synergistic interplay of selective (203) crystalline coherence, preserved molecular orientation, and chemical end-group stabilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129669"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2026-03-06Epub Date: 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129684
Yu Fang , Qi Shi , Jinping Qu , Xiang Lu
{"title":"Single molecule coupling of light and thermal for programmable energy storage","authors":"Yu Fang , Qi Shi , Jinping Qu , Xiang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficiently integrating solar and ambient thermal energy within a single molecular system remains a significant challenge. Here we systematically construct a family of azobenzene-based molecules in which photoisomerizable cores are covalently coupled with thermally active alkyl and alkenyl segments. Unlike previous studies focusing on isolated examples, our approach establishes a homologous molecular series that enables direct correlation between structural parameters and dual-mode energy storage behavior. Upon ultraviolet irradiation, the <em>trans</em>-cis isomerization induces lattice disorder and photo‐liquefaction, allowing simultaneous capture of photon energy and latent heat. The reverse process triggered by light or heat releases both chemical and phase-change enthalpies in a single synergistic step. The system exhibits a gravimetric energy density exceeding 300 J g<sup>−1</sup>, demonstrating a competitive performance among reported materials. Combined density functional theory and calorimetric analyses quantitatively link the isomerization energetics with crystal packing variations, establishing a predictive relationship between molecular design and thermophysical performance. This systematic strategy provides a data-driven framework for designing programmable photothermal materials and paves the way for high-throughput molecular energy computation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129684"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2026-03-06Epub Date: 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129682
Manuel Gomez-Menendez , Vasiliki Maria Stavropoulou , Isabel Asenjo-Sanz , José A. Pomposo , Ester Verde-Sesto , Silvia Arrese-Igor , Jon Maiz
{"title":"Tuning segmental dynamics of PVDF in blends with linear precursors and single-chain nanoparticles: Insights from broadband dielectric spectroscopy","authors":"Manuel Gomez-Menendez , Vasiliki Maria Stavropoulou , Isabel Asenjo-Sanz , José A. Pomposo , Ester Verde-Sesto , Silvia Arrese-Igor , Jon Maiz","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) in blends with either a PMMA-based linear precursor copolymer or its single-chain nanoparticle (SCNP) counterpart was investigated using broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) over 125–500 K. Structural and thermal characterization revealed that both the precursor and SCNP components remain glassy under these conditions, while PVDF exhibits active segmental mobility near its α-relaxation. In PVDF-rich blends, SCNPs induce phase separation, preserving the intrinsic α- and β-relaxations of PVDF, whereas the linear precursor promotes partial mixing, attenuating the α-relaxation and lowering the apparent glass transition temperature (<em>T</em><sub>g</sub>) due to the surrounding glassy component. At intermediate and low PVDF contents, both blend types exhibit more complex relaxation spectra, reflecting enhanced interfacial interactions and confinement effects. Analysis of the characteristic relaxation times shows that the activation energy (<em>E</em><sub>a</sub>) of the secondary relaxation increases with the fraction of precursor or SCNPs, indicating hindered local motions due to interfacial constraints or nanoconfinement. Overall, the precursor and SCNP components modulate PVDF dynamics via distinct mechanisms: partial miscibility and dynamic coupling for the precursor, and nanoscale confinement with phase separation for SCNPs, providing strategies to tune segmental dynamics in hybrid glassy polymer systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129682"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulation of mechanical properties and intrinsic self-healing performance of polyurethane via crystalline locked dynamic bonds","authors":"Shuai Li , Linying Zhao , Jiang Zhong, Zhihao Deng, Fangfei Wang, Zhenhua Xiong, Liang Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synthesis of polymers that demonstrate excellent mechanical properties and the capacity for effective, rapid repair at moderate temperatures remains a significant challenge. Inspired by rapid recovery of water and superior hardness of ice, this study designs a polyurethane material based on crystalline locked dynamic bonds with excellent mechanical properties at room temperature and efficient self-healing capabilities at mild temperatures. Dynamic disulfide bonds are locked within crystalline flexible chains, restricting polymeric flexibility below the melting temperature to ensure high mechanical properties. Upon the attainment of melting temperature, there is a release of the flexible chains and dynamic disulfide bonds. Molecular dynamics simulations have suggested that the molecular chains in the crystalline locked disulfide bond polyurethane system exhibit stronger diffusion capability compared to polyurethane systems without disulfide bonds. The synergistic effect of chain diffusion and dynamic bond exchange reactions results in highly efficient self-healing performance. The prepared polyurethane displays a tensile strength of 9.37 MPa and an elongation at break 479% at room temperature, with a self-healing efficacy of 92% at 60 °C. This crystalline locked dynamic offers a promising solution to the inherent trade-off between mechanical properties and self-healing ability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129681"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2026-03-06Epub Date: 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129688
Xiao-Yuan Lin , Dhananjay S. Nipate , Zhi-You Hong , Syang-Peng Rwei , Tomoyuki Akutagawa , Hsiu-Hui Chen
{"title":"Thermally deblockable waterborne polyurethane–dye conjugates for durable textile coloration and digital deposition feasibility","authors":"Xiao-Yuan Lin , Dhananjay S. Nipate , Zhi-You Hong , Syang-Peng Rwei , Tomoyuki Akutagawa , Hsiu-Hui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a solvent-free strategy is developed for preparing waterborne polyurethane (<strong>WPU</strong>) dispersions incorporating commercial dyes, including Direct Yellow 142 (<strong>Y142</strong>), Direct Red 224 (<strong>R224</strong>), and Reactive Blue 198 (<strong>B198</strong>). The dyes are covalently integrated into the polyurethane backbone, and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (DMP) is employed to block terminal isocyanate groups, yielding thermally deblockable blocked WPU (<strong>BWPU</strong>) systems. This DMP-based isocyanate blocking and deblocking strategy defines the central chemical framework of this work. The <strong>BWPU</strong> dispersions form stable micellar nanoparticles with diameters below 100 nm without the use of organic solvents or additional surfactants, providing colloidal stability together with latent reactivity. Upon thermal activation at approximately 120 °C, deblocking of the isocyanate groups enables covalent reactions with hydroxyl or amine functionalities on textile substrates. This deblocking-triggered fixation mechanism governs the durability of textile coloration obtained via coating and pad-dyeing, resulting in excellent rubbing fastness (grade 5) and enhanced washing durability, while reducing dye release during laundering. The <strong>BWPU</strong> dispersions also exhibit sufficient colloidal stability for inkjet deposition, allowing inkjet printing to be evaluated under thin-film conditions. In comparison with pad-dyed fabrics, inkjet-printed samples show lower washing durability, reflecting the intrinsic limitations of ultrathin, water-permeable polymer films rather than deficiencies in the DMP-based fixation chemistry. Overall, the proposed method adheres to green chemistry principles by reducing hazardous reagents and improving material efficiency, while establishing a reprocessable polyurethane–dye platform in which fixation chemistry and application modality can be decoupled, thereby defining pad-dyeing/coating as the current performance benchmark and inkjet printing as a promising yet currently constrained direction for future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 129688"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}