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Polymerization of acrylonitrile in dimethyl carbonate: A kinetic and mechanistic study 丙烯腈在碳酸二甲酯中的聚合:动力学和机理研究
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127878
Yuhang Jiao , Huijie Yan , Qingxin Meng , Shiling Jia , Shuang Liu , Huixuan Zhang , Zhongyu Fu
{"title":"Polymerization of acrylonitrile in dimethyl carbonate: A kinetic and mechanistic study","authors":"Yuhang Jiao ,&nbsp;Huijie Yan ,&nbsp;Qingxin Meng ,&nbsp;Shiling Jia ,&nbsp;Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Huixuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongyu Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the first time, a new polymerization medium, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), was used for the polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN), and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder was obtained successfully. The effects of polymerization factors, including monomer concentrations, temperature and initiator concentrations on the structures and properties of PAN powders were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), total internal reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), wide-angle X-ray diffractometer (WXRD) and thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA). The polymerization kinetic and mechanistic study of PAN with DMC as the polymerization medium were discussed in details. There are three key achievements in this paper. First, the kinetic equation of PAN polymerization with DMC as a medium was established: <em>R</em><sub><em>p</em></sub> = <em>K</em>[<em>ABVN</em>]<sup>0.92</sup>[<em>AN</em>]<sup>6.78</sup>. This result shows that the <em>R</em><sub><em>p</em></sub> is highly dependent on the AN concentrations. Second, the chain transfer constant of DMC was measured to be 4.57 × 10<sup>−4</sup> at 60 °C, and the chain transfer constant increases with polymerization temperature. Lastly, the structures and properties of PAN powders prepared with H<sub>2</sub>O, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and DMC as media were compared. The results showed that the PAN prepared with DMC as a medium by free radical polymerization had a higher conversion, molecular weight and better crystalline property compared to THF. These findings indicate that DMC is a promising medium for manufacturing high quality PAN powder by free radical polymerization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of hydrogen bonding strength on the structure and properties of phase-separated hydrogel from gelatin 氢键强度对明胶相分离水凝胶结构和性能的影响
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127870
Shuangshuang Xi , Hui Jie Zhang , Xuan Liu , Xing Zhu , Honglei Guo , Boon Peng Chang , Xiangyu You
{"title":"Effect of hydrogen bonding strength on the structure and properties of phase-separated hydrogel from gelatin","authors":"Shuangshuang Xi ,&nbsp;Hui Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuan Liu ,&nbsp;Xing Zhu ,&nbsp;Honglei Guo ,&nbsp;Boon Peng Chang ,&nbsp;Xiangyu You","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic bonded tough hydrogels often contain phase-separated structures that facilitate multiscale energy dissipation. However, the influence of bonding strength on the phase-separated structures and properties of hydrogels has been understudied. In this work, the hydrogen bonding strength within phase-separated gelatin/acrylic acid copolymer hydrogels was modulated by varying the methyl group content in the acrylic acid copolymer. It was found the mechanical properties of the hydrogels are determined by a synergistic effect between water content and hydrogen bond strength. Both weak and strong hydrogen bonds resulted in the hydrogel with high water content and low mechanical strength. It was observed that the chain dense regions within the hydrogels became more condensed and larger with increasing hydrogen bonding strength. The high water content in gels with strong hydrogen bonds is attributed to the formation of condensed chain dense regions, which prevent significant shrinkage of the hydrogel. The combination of high water content and condensed chain dense regions resulted in sparse chain loose regions within the hydrogel, which provided water channels for ion transport, enabling high ionic conductivity even at a reduced water content of 28.9 wt%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127870"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact energy absorption in 3D printed bio-inspired PLA structures 三维打印生物启发聚乳酸结构的冲击能量吸收
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127876
N.V. Kazantseva , A.O. Onishchenko , S.A. Zelepugin , R.O. Cherepanov , O.V. Ivanova
{"title":"Impact energy absorption in 3D printed bio-inspired PLA structures","authors":"N.V. Kazantseva ,&nbsp;A.O. Onishchenko ,&nbsp;S.A. Zelepugin ,&nbsp;R.O. Cherepanov ,&nbsp;O.V. Ivanova","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D printing is an effective technique for designing and producing products with unique shapes that cannot be made using traditional methods. Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments, commonly used in 3D printing, are a promised material for fabricating composites and lightweight structures. This study investigates the fracture and damping properties of biodegradable PLA samples with a bio-inspired structure and different density under dynamical (ballistic) loading. PLA samples were fabricated using a 3D printer and a Fusion Deposition Modeling (FDM) method. A unique computer program for cellular samples with Schwartz-Diamond minimal surface topology was developed. The impact absorption energy under ballistic loading of PLA samples with Schwarz-Diamond surface structure was found to depend on their density and impact velocity. The internal structure of 3D-printed PLA cellular samples with a Schwarz-Diamond triply periodic minimal surface and the fracture mechanism of the cellular samples with different densities were demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the fracture mechanism changed from ductile to quasi-brittle with increasing sample density. This work provides a foundation for understanding the fabrication of plastic cellular products using 3D printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127876"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of deep eutectic solvents on vulcanization kinetics and strain-softening behavior of natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber 深共晶溶剂对天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶硫化动力学和应变软化行为的影响
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127871
Li Yang , Shihao Sun , Xiaofeng Yu , Zheng Xu , Yaobin Lu , Xuanyu Shi , Yihu Song , Danling Wang , Min Zuo , Qiang Zheng
{"title":"Effect of deep eutectic solvents on vulcanization kinetics and strain-softening behavior of natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber","authors":"Li Yang ,&nbsp;Shihao Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Yu ,&nbsp;Zheng Xu ,&nbsp;Yaobin Lu ,&nbsp;Xuanyu Shi ,&nbsp;Yihu Song ,&nbsp;Danling Wang ,&nbsp;Min Zuo ,&nbsp;Qiang Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) blends are widely used as tyre sidewall compounds; however, discrepancies in vulcanization rates and the selective distribution of vulcanization additives in SBR and NR contribute to suboptimal dynamic properties. In this study, we propose a straightforward strategy to modulate the multi-scale structure in NR/SBR blends by incorporating an ionic liquid-like deep eutectic solvent (DES) as a novel reactive vulcanization agent. The addition of DES substantially enhances the dispersion of ZnO within NR/SBR blends, accelerates the vulcanization process of SBR and the NR/SBR blend and increases their crosslinking densities. Furthermore, DES interacts with the non-rubber components of NR, facilitating the vulcanization of NR. The impact of DES on the linear and non-linear rheological behavior of NR, SBR and NR/SBR vulcanizates is minimal, except for an enhancement in weak strain overshooting. The distribution of DES within NR/SBR blends can be manipulated by varying the mixing sequence of DES with NR and SBR, while selectively positioning DES within the SBR phase may synchronise the vulcanization rates of the NR/SBR blend, thereby improving tensile strength and reducing mechanical hysteresis. This approach may provide a viable method for producing NR/SBR blend products characterised by high strength and low hysteresis energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127871"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Engineering iodine decorated azo-bridged porous organic polymer: A brilliant catalyst for the preparation of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridines 碘装饰偶氮桥接多孔有机聚合物工程:制备 2,4,6-三取代吡啶的高效催化剂
IF 4.6 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127873
Morteza Torabi, Mohammad Ali Zolfigol, Narges Zarei, Meysam Yarie, Saeid Azizian
{"title":"Engineering iodine decorated azo-bridged porous organic polymer: A brilliant catalyst for the preparation of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridines","authors":"Morteza Torabi, Mohammad Ali Zolfigol, Narges Zarei, Meysam Yarie, Saeid Azizian","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127873","url":null,"abstract":"Iodine catalysis in organic transformations affords detailed coverage of recent advances in iodine chemistry. In this direction, the azo-bridged porous organic polymer bearing triazine and phloroglucinol moieties (Azo-POP1) was constructed <em>via</em> interfacial azo-coupling polymerization in water at room temperature. Considering its high specific surface area (153 m<sup>2</sup>.g<sup>-1</sup>) and pore size of 2.2 nm, karyotype-like morphology and considerable surface wettability, Azo-POP1 was successfully used as an adsorbent of I<sub>2</sub>. The adsorption kinetics studies show that the adsorption reaches equilibrium within one hour and increases with temperature. To our delight, this system (I<sub>2</sub>@Azo-POP1) was used as an irreplaceable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridines <em>via</em> condensation reaction of diverse ketones with benzylamine and the following cyclization and cooperative vinylogous anomeric based oxidation. All the products were prepared in good yields under mild reaction conditions. Also, this attitude benefits from the environmentally friendly and recyclability of described catalyst.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disclosing the UV aging mechanisms of polyamide 66 industrial fiber on the base of the multi-scale structural evolutions 基于多尺度结构演变揭示聚酰胺 66 工业纤维的紫外线老化机理
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127872
Chenjun Liu , Yingliang Zhang , Kang Chen , Bohao Li , Zhongli Zhang , Jiake Fan , Yaran Yin , Xianming Zhang
{"title":"Disclosing the UV aging mechanisms of polyamide 66 industrial fiber on the base of the multi-scale structural evolutions","authors":"Chenjun Liu ,&nbsp;Yingliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Kang Chen ,&nbsp;Bohao Li ,&nbsp;Zhongli Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiake Fan ,&nbsp;Yaran Yin ,&nbsp;Xianming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the changes in the properties of polyamide 66 (PA66) industrial fibers during UV aging and explored the underlying UV aging mechanisms through structural data analysis across varying length scales. The findings reveal a three-stage progression in the deterioration of mechanical properties due to UV aging. Initially, in the pre-aging stage (t ≤ 1 day), both mechanical properties and microscopic structural parameters remain stable, showing no significant changes. Following this, UV-induced degradation and concurrent recrystallization in the amorphous region result in a decline in mechanical parameters as the aging process continues, albeit with varying magnitudes across the stages. A notable decrease in tenacity and elongation at break is observed in the mid-aging stage (1 day &lt; t ≤ 49 days). While the formation of low-melting-point microcrystals enhances crystallinity and crystalline size, the predominant effect of molecular chain scission due to UV exposure leads to a significant increase in carbonyl group content and a marked decrease in intrinsic viscosity. Furthermore, the formation of microcrystals hinders oxygen diffusion, resulting in the gradual stabilization of intrinsic viscosity and carbonyl content in the late-aging stage (t &gt; 49 days), which significantly slows the deterioration of mechanical properties. These results indicate that UV-induced molecular degradation is the primary driver of changes in break elongation, while the development of new crystalline structures within the fibers contributes to the preservation of mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis, characteristics and thermally induced self-assembly of silicon-based thermo/photo-responsive block copolymers prepared from monomer bearing paired side-chain azo mesogens using RAFT process 利用 RAFT 工艺制备硅基热/光响应嵌段共聚物(由含有成对侧链偶氮中间体的单体制备)的合成、特性和热诱导自组装
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127867
Athmen Zenati , Kisan Koirala
{"title":"Synthesis, characteristics and thermally induced self-assembly of silicon-based thermo/photo-responsive block copolymers prepared from monomer bearing paired side-chain azo mesogens using RAFT process","authors":"Athmen Zenati ,&nbsp;Kisan Koirala","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel silicon-based liquid crystalline (LC) monomer (CASPA) and corresponding Poly(MMA)-b-Poly(CASPA) diblock copolymers (DBCs) containing symmetric azobenzene mesogens in the side chain were successfully synthesized by coupling reaction and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, respectively. Block copolymerization by RAFT proceeded with well-controlled manner in anisole solution involving new CASPA monomer, Poly(MMA)-RAFT macroinitiator and AIBN initiator, yielding Poly(MMA)-b-Poly(CASPA) DBCs with excellent control over molecular weights (Mw/Mn ≤ 1.39) and compositions. Chemical structures and properties of CASPA and Poly(MMA)-b-Poly(CASPA) were extensively studied using <sup>1</sup>H NMR, FTIR, GPC, DSC, POM, AFM and GISAXS. The CASPA exhibited enantiotropic liquid crystallinity with nematic four-brush schlieren texture, while DBCs showed monotropic liquid crystallinity with batonnet textures of smectic A phase. All DBC films exhibited photochemical <em>trans</em>-cis isomerization and photoinduced phase transition from mesophase to isotropic phase under UV irradiation. Morphologies of DBC thin films under thermal annealing depended on volume ratio of building LC block relative to Poly(MMA) segment, DBC-2 containing approximately equal block volume fractions self-assembled into lamellar nanostructure with domain-spacing of 34 nm, whereas DBC-3 and DBC-4 possessing higher LC contents (65 wt% and 72 wt%) formed highly ordered hexagonal cylindrical nanostructures with domain-spacing ranging from 37 to 39 nm as evidence by AFM and GI-SAXS, conforming with the self-consistent field theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127867"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anionic polymers formed by dinuclear rhodium units and dicyanide silver/gold moieties 由双核铑单元和双氰基银/金分子形成的阴离子聚合物
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127861
Laura Abad Galán , Paula Cruz , Estefanía Fernández-Bartolomé , Miguel Cortijo , Patricia Delgado-Martínez , Rodrigo González-Prieto , Reyes Jiménez-Aparicio , José L. Priego
{"title":"Anionic polymers formed by dinuclear rhodium units and dicyanide silver/gold moieties","authors":"Laura Abad Galán ,&nbsp;Paula Cruz ,&nbsp;Estefanía Fernández-Bartolomé ,&nbsp;Miguel Cortijo ,&nbsp;Patricia Delgado-Martínez ,&nbsp;Rodrigo González-Prieto ,&nbsp;Reyes Jiménez-Aparicio ,&nbsp;José L. Priego","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synthesis, characterization and structural determination of four complexes with formula (PPh<sub>4</sub>)<sub>n</sub>{[Rh<sub>2</sub>(μ-O<sub>2</sub>CPh)<sub>4</sub>][Au(CN)<sub>2</sub>]}<sub>n</sub> (<strong>1</strong>) and K<sub>n</sub>{[Rh<sub>2</sub>(μ-O<sub>2</sub>CR)<sub>4</sub>][M(CN)<sub>2</sub>]}<sub>n</sub> (M = Au, R <img>CH<sub>2</sub>OEt (<strong>2</strong>), CH<sub>2</sub>OMe (<strong>3</strong>); M = Ag, R <img>CH<sub>2</sub>OMe <strong>(4</strong>)) are described. In all cases, the [CN-<em>M</em>-CN]<sup>–</sup> (M = Au, Ag) group is bridging the axial positions of the dirhodium units giving one-dimensional chains. The packing of the chains in the solid state depends on the nature of the carboxylate group of the dimetallic unit, the counterion present in the complex and the metal itself. The most striking change is observed in the K<sub>n</sub>{[Rh<sub>2</sub>(μ-O<sub>2</sub>CCH<sub>2</sub>OMe)<sub>4</sub>][Au(CN)<sub>2</sub>]}<sub>n</sub> complex (<strong>3</strong>), where the chains are positioned perpendicular to each other with an Au⋯Au interchain distance of 2.963 Å. The emission studies of this complex upon excitation at 350 nm show a clear broad emission band centered at 430 nm, while no luminescence is observed for the other compounds. The appearance of emission properties only in the case of complex <strong>3</strong> can be explained by its short aurophilic interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127861"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship between the molecular structure of polyimide and its dielectric properties: Optimizing performance for triboelectric nanogenerators 聚酰亚胺分子结构与其介电性能之间的关系:优化三电纳米发电机的性能
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127868
Songhao Mo , Hong Ruan , Yuqi Li
{"title":"Relationship between the molecular structure of polyimide and its dielectric properties: Optimizing performance for triboelectric nanogenerators","authors":"Songhao Mo ,&nbsp;Hong Ruan ,&nbsp;Yuqi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are eco-friendly energy harvesters. Polyimide (PI) has been widely used as a triboelectric layer in TENGs, but the relationship between its structure and performance is not fully understood. Herein, PI films with varying molecular structures were prepared to investigate the effects of -O- and –CF<sub>3</sub> groups on their physical properties and triboelectric performance. The results showed that PI films with -O- exhibited better thermal stability, while both -O- and –CF<sub>3</sub> groups effectively modulated optical transparency and dielectric properties. At 450 nm, M6-PI and O6-PI exhibited the highest transmittance at 63.14 % and 55.06 %, respectively, with dielectric loss performance below 0.5 % at 10<sup>5</sup> Hz. PI films incorporating -O- and –CF<sub>3</sub> demonstrated significant improvements in triboelectric performance. Theoretical calculations clarified these groups influence optical transparency, dielectric properties, and electrical output performance. Ultimately, the fabricated 6PI-TENG achieved the desired triboelectric performance with enhanced electrical output. The V<sub>oc</sub> and Q<sub>sc</sub> of 6PI reached approximately 80 V and 25 nC, respectively. This study offers essential theoretical insights for designing and advancing of TENGs, contributing to sustainable energy development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preparation of a novel porous organic polymer for selective extraction/determination of palladium ions from water samples 制备用于选择性萃取/测定水样中钯离子的新型多孔有机聚合物
IF 4.1 2区 化学
Polymer Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127858
Fatemeh Gandomkar , Mostafa Khajeh , Ali Reza Oveisi , Pouya Karimi , Hermenegildo García
{"title":"Preparation of a novel porous organic polymer for selective extraction/determination of palladium ions from water samples","authors":"Fatemeh Gandomkar ,&nbsp;Mostafa Khajeh ,&nbsp;Ali Reza Oveisi ,&nbsp;Pouya Karimi ,&nbsp;Hermenegildo García","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, a new porphyrin-based porous organic polymer (POP), named here PPOP-UOZ-1 (UOZ stands for the University of Zabol), was synthesized through a solvothermal condensation reaction between 5,10,15,20-<strong>t</strong>etrakis(4-<strong>a</strong>mino<strong>p</strong>henyl)<strong>p</strong>orphyrin (TAPP, Porph-NH<sub>2</sub>) and 2,2'-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy)]<strong>d</strong>ibenz<strong>a</strong>ldehyde (Dialdehyde, DA). The chemical structure, morphology, and surface properties of the PPOP-UOZ-1 were assessed using numerous techniques, including TGA, BET, FT- IR, PXRD, and SEM/EDX. The nominal PPOP-UOZ-1 was then used as an adsorbent for selective (better than 92 %) extraction of Pd(II) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption process was optimized by studying the effect of various factors such as pH, the type and volume of eluent, adsorption and desorption time, and the amount of adsorbent. The results exhibited that the maximum adsorption capacity of PPOP-UOZ-1 for Pd(II) was 208.3 mg/g at a pH of 3.0, based on the Langmuir isotherm model (a determination coefficient of 0.9887). The adsorbent showed excellent selectivity for Pd(II) over other coexisting metal ions, with a recovery rate higher than 92 %. Furthermore, the PPOP-UOZ-1 could be reused for at least six adsorption-desorption cycles without substantial loss of efficiency. This proposed adsorbent and approach was further applicable for the efficient extraction of Pd(II) from environmental water samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 127858"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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