PolymerPub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129079
Xin Shen , Jiping Wang , Xiaodong Wang , Xiaoli Liao , Lu Wan , Zhaolei Li , Chao Yan , Alain Dufresne
{"title":"Insight into the acceleration of PLA stereocomplexation within NH2-MIL-88: Influences of free volume","authors":"Xin Shen , Jiping Wang , Xiaodong Wang , Xiaoli Liao , Lu Wan , Zhaolei Li , Chao Yan , Alain Dufresne","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, biodegradable PLA racemic blends (PRB) were infiltrated into an iron-based MOF–NH<sub>2</sub>–MIL-88 (NM88) unprecedentedly, and their stereocomplexation was explored in detail. Within NM88, PRB demonstrated a reduced crystallization temperature during cooling and a lower melting temperature upon heating. Isothermal crystallization kinetics showed a significant acceleration, particularly at lower temperatures. Additionally, the dielectric characteristic suggested a lower glass transition temperature for PRB within MN88. We suggested that increased free volume fraction may be responsible for the above observations. Through adjusting the free volume fractions, we further preformed a series of molecular simulations, and results agreed with experimental data. This study suggests that chain behavior within confinement is influenced not only by interface and geometrical confinement but also by segment surroundings. It also shed light on hybrid materials composed of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and polymer materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129079"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miscibility enhancement in a symmetric ring diblock copolymer melt due to topological constraint studied by SAXS and rheology","authors":"Yuya Doi , Naoto Sakabe , Yoshiaki Takahashi , Atsushi Takano , Yushu Matsushita","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Miscibility between components for a compositionally symmetric ring diblock copolymer consisting of polystyrene (S) and polyisoprene (I) with a total molecular weight of <em>M</em><sub>n,total</sub> = 23 kg/mol (R-SI-23) in melt was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and rheological measurements under heating in comparison with the corresponding linear SI diblock (L-SI-22) and ISI triblock (tele-ISI-23). From SAXS measurements, L-SI-22 exhibits even-order sharp peaks, confirming a lamellar microphase-separated structure or it is in an ordered state at a relatively low temperature of 120 °C, while both R-SI-23 and tele-ISI-23 exhibit a broad correlation hole peak each, suggesting that they are in a disordered state. Dynamic viscoelasticity measurements also revealed that L-SI-22 exhibits an order-disorder transition (ODT) at around 260 °C, while R-SI-23 and tele-ISI-23 show disordered-state behavior even at low temperatures around 120 °C. SAXS profiles of R-SI-23 and tele-ISI-23 with a broad correlation hole peak are analyzed for scattering functions based on the random phase approximation (RPA) theory focusing on the chain connecting manners. The analytical results suggest that R-SI-23 has a lower effective Flory-Huggins interaction parameter, <em>χ</em><sub>eff</sub>, than tele-ISI-23. This result could be attributed to the topological constraints in ring polymer melts, which forces the segments of S and I components in a ring molecule to bring closer together, resulting in enhancing miscibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129103
Antonietta Cozzolino , Rosalba Liguori , Domenico Riccardi , Luigi di Benedetto , Alfredo Rubino , Paola Rizzo , Gaetano Guerra
{"title":"Vapor response of PPO based chemicapacitors","authors":"Antonietta Cozzolino , Rosalba Liguori , Domenico Riccardi , Luigi di Benedetto , Alfredo Rubino , Paola Rizzo , Gaetano Guerra","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A parallel-plate capacitor, which uses the commercial polymer poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene)oxide (PPO) as dielectric material, was fabricated and characterized. The aim is to exploit the ability of the nanoporous-crystalline (NC) phases of this polymer (α and β) to absorb volatile organic compounds (VOC), even when present at trace levels. Capacitance changes of the prepared capacitors due to the sorption of two analytes (carbon tetrachloride and methyl ethyl ketone), whose dielectric constants are lower and higher (2.2 and 18.5, respectively) with respect to PPO (2.5), are reported. This study provides a preliminary demonstration that capacitors based on the NC forms of PPO, are promising as chemicapacitors for many VOCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129097
Mar López-González , Nastasia Yuriychuk , Esperanza Benito , Eva M. Maya , Leoncio Garrido
{"title":"Unveiling the distribution and molecular interactions of gases in membranes of PPO and PC with porous biphenyl-based knitting aryl polymer (K2Ph) and their influence on gas transport with NMR","authors":"Mar López-González , Nastasia Yuriychuk , Esperanza Benito , Eva M. Maya , Leoncio Garrido","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NMR spectroscopy combined with pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR are used to study, at the molecular scale, the interactions and transport of pure and mixed CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) of poly(2,6-dimethyl-<em>p</em>-phenylene oxide) (PPO) and poly[bisphenol A carbonate-<em>co</em>-4,4’-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene) diphenol carbonate] (PC) with porous biphenyl-based knitting aryl polymer (K2Ph) as filler. The results of <em>T</em><sub>1</sub>s relaxation times and chemical shifts measurements of the sorbed gases show two populations in the MMMs associated with the polymer and filler phases. Similarly, the analysis of the gases diffusion measurements leads to two components, fast and slow tentatively assigned to the filler and polymer phases in the MMMs, respectively. The comparison of NMR results with independent measurements of total gas permeability contributes to unveil the mechanisms of gas transport in membranes of glassy PPO and PC with porous K2Ph.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129060
Maohu Wang , Xiaowei Xun , Shiqing Zhou , Dingyun Wang , Dongxue Zhang , Xidong Wu , Yacao Ying , Haiyong Ao
{"title":"Fabrication of resveratrol-loaded bioactive glass-modified bacterial cellulose for wound treatment","authors":"Maohu Wang , Xiaowei Xun , Shiqing Zhou , Dingyun Wang , Dongxue Zhang , Xidong Wu , Yacao Ying , Haiyong Ao","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resveratrol (RES) exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making it a promising candidate for improving the multifunctionality of bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings. Nevertheless, the low water solubility and poor stability of RES have significantly limited its bioavailability. Herein, bioactive glass (BG) with good biological properties and drug loading capacity was used as a medium to introduce RES into the BC network structure, and a novel RES-loaded BG modified BC (RES@BG-BC) dressing was developed by using the sol-gel synthesis and hydrolysis reaction. Results of characterization confirmed successful construction of RES@BG coating on the surface of BC nanofibers with nanoporous network. The obtained RES@BG-BC exhibited favorable thermostability, fast water absorption and enhanced mechanical properties. Notably, RES@BG-BC exhibits a superior sustained release capacity of RES (continuous release for 120 h) and achieves a higher cumulative release amount (133.70 ± 1.84 μmol/L) compared to RES@BC. Importantly, the introduction of RES endowed the BC-based dressing with favorable broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, excellent antioxidation and anti-inflammatory properties. While the promotion of the NIH3T3 proliferation, HUVECs migration and the VEGF secretion was attributed to the synergistic effect of RES and BG. These findings illustrate that the developed RES@BG-BC dressing hold significant therapeutic potential in wound treatment, and offer a novel strategy for incorporating BC with Chinese herbal extracts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129101
Ming Nie , Liang He , Jinghui Zhang , Xiaoqing Liu , Shuning Liu , Xiaobo Liu , Lifen Tong
{"title":"Performance modulation of semi-crystalline poly(aryl ether nitrile) block copolymers by regulating molecular chain segment lengths","authors":"Ming Nie , Liang He , Jinghui Zhang , Xiaoqing Liu , Shuning Liu , Xiaobo Liu , Lifen Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of precision manufacturing, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) serves not only as a critical factor affecting product accuracy but also as a central parameter in thermodynamic system design. In this work, a novel semi-crystalline poly(aryl ether nitrile) block copolymer (PEN(HQ-b-BP)) film was prepared with excellent CTE (about 57 ppm/°C) in large range of 25 °C–275 °C. PEN(HQ-b-BP) performance was modified by regulating molecular chain segment lengths. PEN(HQ-b-BP)-5 % and PEN(HQ-b-BP)-10 % had obvious crystallization peaks in XRD, melting peaks in DSC, and crystal morphology in POM and SEM, which laterally reflect the successful synthesis of PEN(HQ-b-BP). The effects of heat treatment of PEN(HQ-b-BP)-5 % and PEN(HQ-b-BP)-10 % at different temperatures to control the changes of their crystallinity on the properties were deeply investigated. In the case of short molecular chains, the connections between crystalline regions are important. They can substantially increase the tensile strength of the polymer film and significantly reduce the CTE value. For PEN(HQ-b-BP), appropriate temperature treatment can improve the connections between crystalline regions. The tensile strength of PEN(HQ-b-BP)-5 % increased by 70 % from 53 MPa to 90 MPa, and that of PEN(HQ-b-BP)-10 % increased by 78 % from 50 MPa to 89 MPa. Moreover, appropriate temperature treatment facilitates crystal refinement and can effectively reduce the CTE value of the material. The CTE of PEN(HQ-b-BP)-5 % decreased from 51.79 ppm/°C to 46.81 ppm/°C, and that of PEN(HQ-b-BP)-10 % decrease from 49.70 ppm/°C to 47.33 ppm/°C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel polyphenylene sulfide resin for high-frequency copper-clad laminates with low dielectric tangent and flame retardancy","authors":"Daisuke Ito , Keizo Inoue , Yuichi Fujioka , Teruhiko Miki , Shinsuke Ishikawa , Akihiko Happoya , Seigo Watanabe , Tomohiro Miura , Kenichi Oyaizu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a novel poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene sulfide) resin bearing vinyl groups (PMPS-V) designed for next-generation copper-clad laminates used in high-frequency applications. Oligo(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) resins are commonly used owing to their low dielectric constant and high thermal resistance; however, further reduction in dielectric loss tangents is needed for future communication networks. Materials with excellent dielectric properties typically exhibit low polarity and high flammability, presenting a trade-off between dielectric performance and flame retardancy.</div><div>PMPS-V exhibits thermosetting behavior and an extremely low dielectric-loss tangent (<0.001 at 10 GHz). Owing to its polyphenylene sulfide backbone, PMPS-V meets the UL-94 V-0 flame retardancy standard. Long-term heat resistance testing at 150 °C confirmed minimal degradation in dielectric properties, demonstrating excellent thermal stability. In addition, PMPS-V has a high glass transition temperature and favorable solubility in common solvents such as toluene, making it suitable for printed wiring board applications. These results indicate that PMPS-V is a promising candidate for next-generation low dielectric materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129099
Yuanhang Xiao , Jiyu Liang , Minmin Liu , Jiajing Zhou , Chunhua Wang , Wei Lin
{"title":"Hierarchical diffusion-assembly-crosslinking strategy for sustainable leather manufacturing by polyphenol derivatives and Al(Ⅲ)","authors":"Yuanhang Xiao , Jiyu Liang , Minmin Liu , Jiajing Zhou , Chunhua Wang , Wei Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chrome-free technologies based on vegetable polyphenols are critical for sustainable leather production, yet current strategies face the challenges of designing effective tanning system in achieving comparable tanning performances to that of Cr(Ⅲ). The key solution is to efficiently regulate the diffusion and crosslinking of chrome-free tanning agents in collagen matrix. Herein, a chrome-free tanning system was established based on 10 % polyphenol derivative (i.e., GACC) and 2 % Al(Ⅲ), which synergistically enables the enhanced diffusion and crosslinking within hierarchical structure of collagen. Molecular dynamics simulations and experiments showed that GACC and Al(Ⅲ) can diffuse into the hierarchy of fibrils and form intermolecular and intrafibrillar crosslinking within collagen matrix via coordination, covalent, and hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of GACC coordinate with Al(Ⅲ) to form multi-scale GACC-Al coordination polymers (120−570 nm) via in-situ assembly, which bound with collagen to form multi-point crosslinking networks from elementary fibers to fibers levels. Thus, these findings are summarized as the hierarchical diffusion-assembly-crosslinking strategy for the first time. The unique tanning strategy endows leather with high porosity of collagen matrix (∼56.4 %), and remarkably enhanced hydrothermal stability (<em>T</em><sub>s</sub> ∼87 °C), excellent organoleptic (e.g., softness ∼6.3 mm) and physical properties (e.g., tear strength ∼64.3 N/mm, elongation at break ∼100.5 %) compared with commercial chrome-free tanning. The work provides valuable insights for developing tanning mechanisms and sustainable chrome-free tanning systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129094
Jiawei Hu , Jianglu Teng , Guohua Hang, Zixian Li, Xibin Shen, Huaming Wang, Lei Li, Sixun Zheng
{"title":"Polyamine crosslinked with diisocyanates: Reprocessing, shape recovery and polyelectrolyte properties","authors":"Jiawei Hu , Jianglu Teng , Guohua Hang, Zixian Li, Xibin Shen, Huaming Wang, Lei Li, Sixun Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A linear polyamine (PEA) was synthesized and then crosslinked with diisocyanates. The crosslinking led to the integration of benzyl hindered urea bonds (HUBs) into the PEA networks. First, the Schiff base reaction of terephthaldicarboxaldehyde with a polymeric diamine bearing poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) block was carried out to generate a linear poly(ether imine), which was then transformed into the PEA through hydrogenation reaction. By taking control of types and contents of diisocyanates, the PEA networks were regulated displaying variable thermomechanical properties. More importantly, the PEA networks can be reprocessable (or recyclable); the dynamic exchange of benzyl HUBs was responsible for the excellent reprocessing (recycling) properties. Thanks to the crosslinking, the PEA networks had the shape memory properties featuring the reconfigurability. Benefiting from the integration of PEO blocks, the PEA networks can be converted into the solid polyelectrolytes (SPEs). Incorporated with an electrolyte [<em>e.g.</em>, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide, LiTFSI], the networks can have the ionic conductivity as high as 7.1 × 10<sup>−5</sup> S × cm<sup>−1</sup> at 300 K. Notably, the SPEs integrated with benzyl HUBs were recyclable without sacrificing the ionic conductivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PolymerPub Date : 2025-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129050
Yan Li , Bochao Wang , Huaxia Deng , Xinglong Gong
{"title":"Experimental characterization of cyclic stress softening for isotropic soft magnetorheological elastomer","authors":"Yan Li , Bochao Wang , Huaxia Deng , Xinglong Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft magnetorheological elastomer (s-MRE) is fabricated by dispersing magnetic particles within the elastomer matrix. Its mechanical properties dramatically change under the applied magnetic field, exhibiting a typical magnetorheological (MR) effect. This property provides s-MRE with the potential for application in vibration control. During vibration control application scenarios, s-MRE-based vibration control devices are often subjected to asymmetric cyclic loads, for instance, the structure’s self-weight and dynamic loads (e.g., wind or traffic loads), which result in a decay of the stress response with cyclic loading (mainly short cycle loading), referred to as the cyclic stress softening. If the influence of cyclic stress softening is ignored, the evaluation of s-MRE-based vibration control devices may exhibit unwarranted optimism and lack sufficient reliability, which may cause safety hazards. However, a literature review reveals limited investigation on the cyclic stress softening of s-MRE. To address this research gap and enhance the performance evaluation of s-MRE-based devices, this work experimentally characterizes the influence of mechanical loads and magnetic fields on the cyclic stress softening of isotropic s-MRE. The test results indicate that peak strain plays a dominant role in the occurrence of cyclic stress softening and an increased strain rate further amplifies this effect. Furthermore, the presence of a magnetic field positively influences the mechanical behaviour of isotropic s-MRE and concurrently intensifies the cyclic stress softening effect. This research enhances the understanding of the cyclic stress softening in s-MRE, thereby benefiting the long-term advancement of s-MRE-based development and design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 129050"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}