2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE)最新文献_第4页

Cross Country Faults - Protection Challenges and Improvements 越野故障-保护挑战和改进

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429834

C. Venkatesh, I. Voloh

{"title":"Cross Country Faults - Protection Challenges and Improvements","authors":"C. Venkatesh, I. Voloh","doi":"10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429834","url":null,"abstract":"Cross Country faults (simultaneous/evolving faults at different locations) in transmission and distribution systems create challenges to distance, directional and phase-selection functions. Relay can miss to operate for in-zone faults or incorrectly operate for out-of-zone faults. This is because zerosequence and negative-sequence components distribution through the protected line, used by above mentioned functions is not easy to predict. This affects both solidly-grounded and isolated/impedance grounded systems.Single-pole switching is used in transmission network as it improves power system stability, compared to three-pole switching and also ensures system availability. In-order to correctly isolate the faulted phase, phase selector is used to supervise distance element when single-pole switching is enabled. However, certain fault scenarios such as high resistance faults, cross country faults pose a challenge to phase selector.In this paper, we start with the basic principles of phase selection for single-location faults and then we provide insights into the limitations of detecting the faulted phase during cross country faults. Finally, we introduce the improved phase selection logic to handle cross country fault scenarios, which provides correct detection of faulted phase using local information.","PeriodicalId":405115,"journal":{"name":"2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116221192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Can compensated networks be an alternate solution to reduce the risk of ground faults causing forest fires? 补偿网络能否成为降低地面断层引发森林火灾风险的替代解决方案?

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429843

Ari Wahlroos, J. Altonen, Joe Xavier

{"title":"Can compensated networks be an alternate solution to reduce the risk of ground faults causing forest fires?","authors":"Ari Wahlroos, J. Altonen, Joe Xavier","doi":"10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429843","url":null,"abstract":"Ground faults are the most common type of fault in a distribution network. The current seen by the protection relay during a ground fault event largely depends on the impedance of the fault circuit and applied system grounding principle. Therefore, detecting a ground fault effectively and accurately becomes challenging under certain circumstances. A small percentage of ground faults have a very large impedance. They are comparable to load impedance and consequently have very little fault current. These high-impedance faults do not pose imminent danger to power system equipment. However, they are a substantial threat to human beings and properties; people can touch or get close to conductors carrying large amounts of energy. Such ‘wire down’ faults have resulted in causing wild forest fires in some parts of the world with large scale devastation of vegetation and property.There are various technologies available, which can limit the amount of energy released when a ground fault occurs and thus reduce the risk of fire ignition. This paper studies the properties of resonant grounding, also known as compensated networks, which is the prevailing technology globally to limit ground fault current magnitude. The paper also discusses a unique approach to detect ground faults based on Multifrequency admittance principle (67YN). 67YN provides selective directional ground fault protection for any high-impedance grounded networks, that is, for compensated, ungrounded and high resistance grounded systems. It can be applied for the ground fault protection of overhead lines and underground cables. The operation of 67YN is based on novel multi-frequency neutral admittance measurement utilizing Cumulative Phasor Summing (CPS) technique. This concept provides extremely secure, dependable and selective ground fault protection in compensated networks.","PeriodicalId":405115,"journal":{"name":"2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127306719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International Drive Distribution Loop Protection 国际驱动配电回路保护

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429722

Praveen K. Kumar, G. Merritt, Joseph C. Johnson, A. R. Miles, JohnM. Stieber, Sebastien C. Billaut, Brittany N. Chapman

引用次数: 0

AEP Misop Event February 23, 2019 AEP Misop事件2019年2月23日

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/cpre48231.2021.9429714

Phillip Lux

引用次数: 0

Application and Integration of Automation-Based Tools for Efficient and Accurate Modeling of Transmission System Protection 基于自动化工具的传动系统保护高效准确建模应用与集成

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429844

Daixi Li, Tim Chang, Saman Alaeddini, G. Wen, Xinyang Dong, Christopher Bolton, Ahsan Mirza, A. Feathers, Robbie James, Andrew Reindel, Michael T. Miller, Jacob Tucker, Jessie Bauer

{"title":"Application and Integration of Automation-Based Tools for Efficient and Accurate Modeling of Transmission System Protection","authors":"Daixi Li, Tim Chang, Saman Alaeddini, G. Wen, Xinyang Dong, Christopher Bolton, Ahsan Mirza, A. Feathers, Robbie James, Andrew Reindel, Michael T. Miller, Jacob Tucker, Jessie Bauer","doi":"10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429844","url":null,"abstract":"The protection simulation capabilities of short-circuit software platforms can offer significant efficiency benefits for utilities facing increased responsibilities due to emerging compliance requirements. However, the challenges of modeling an entire system of protection as well as the need to keep it updated have limited the practical utilization of these simulation capabilities. Automation-based tools offer a solution to these modeling challenges, enabling efficient and accurate creation of protection representation on these short-circuit platforms. This paper presents the experiences and technical considerations of four utilities that have employed these automation-based protection modeling methodologies. First, implementation and deployment considerations are discussed, in order to meet the specific needs and conventions of an organization in engineering, data, and logistical aspects. Next, actual utilization of the tools and their impact on protection activities are explored. Third, strategies for long-term governance are considered, covering the utility processes necessary to maintain the tools. Finally, general experiences and thoughts are provided by the four utilities, as well as potential avenues for expansion of this engineering automation concept, and to further assist Protection and Control departments in meeting the challenges of the modern power systems industry.","PeriodicalId":405115,"journal":{"name":"2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131876231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementation of a New Algorithm to Detect Turn-to-Turn Faults in Shunt Reactors and Identify the Faulted Phase 并联电抗器匝间故障检测及故障相位识别新算法的实现

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429830

P. I. Nyombi, Zhiying Zhang, P. Mysore

{"title":"Implementation of a New Algorithm to Detect Turn-to-Turn Faults in Shunt Reactors and Identify the Faulted Phase","authors":"P. I. Nyombi, Zhiying Zhang, P. Mysore","doi":"10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429830","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of the turn-to-turn fault in shunt reactors has been a challenging task for P&C engineers. This is because turn-to-turn faults create very small changes in the currents and voltages that the relay measures, where existing methods don’t have enough sensitivity to detect such faults. Undetected failure will result in loss of the entire reactor phase. Recently, a new algorithm, allowing for much better sensitivity, was proposed providing a reliable way to detect turn-to-turn faults and reliably identify the faulted phases [3]. The new algorithm makes use of the negative sequence and the positive sequence voltage and current measurements to develop a differential scheme to sensitively detect shunt reactor internal faults.With the advantage of expanded programming capabilities in modern relays, Xcel Energy was able to program this algorithm and successfully test it by playing back records captured during several shunt reactor failure events. The new algorithm was able to identify the turn-to-turn faults and the faulted phases simultaneously, for all the events indicating the superiority of this algorithm over the existing techniques. The algorithm remained stable for several cases of shunt reactor energization and external faults. The algorithm has been deployed in the field for evaluation.This paper will present Xcel Energy’s approach to achieve better shunt reactor protection utilizing this algorithm and share their findings.","PeriodicalId":405115,"journal":{"name":"2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133829719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Protection Considerations for an Improperly Installed On-Load Tap Changer 对安装不当的有载分接开关的保护注意事项

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429726

A. Rangel

引用次数: 0

Achieving Reliable Generator 100% Stator Ground Fault Protection 实现可靠发电机100%定子接地故障保护

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429850

N. Safari-Shad, Russ Franklin

引用次数: 2

Phasor-Based Transient Earth-Fault Protection 基于相量的暂态接地故障保护

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429719

Z. Gajic, S. Zubic, M. Kockott

{"title":"Phasor-Based Transient Earth-Fault Protection","authors":"Z. Gajic, S. Zubic, M. Kockott","doi":"10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429719","url":null,"abstract":"The main problem for any transient earth-fault (i.e. ground-fault) protection in high-impedance grounded system is to extract the useful signal components from the measured residual current I0. Many used solutions are based on either complete fundamental frequency and/or complete higher harmonic phasors. However, for the fundamental frequency current phasor of the I0 current, only the I01*cos(φ1) component has useful physical meaning during the ground fault transient, while the I01*sin(φ1) component is just a disturbing part which can only cause the wrong operation of the protection. At the same time, for all higher harmonic phasors of the Io current the situation is exactly the opposite. The Ioh*sin(φh) is the useful component with a clear physical meaning while the Ioh*cos(φh) component is a disturbing part which can only upset the ground-fault measurement. In the proposed solution, only the two useful phasor components are used. They are first integrated over short period of time deriving values proportional to the energy content of the two original signals. Only the positive or negative sign of these integrated values is then used in the design to determine the direction of the ground fault. Before being used for directionality check, the integrated value must also exceed the pre-set minimum threshold level, for security reasons. Another important property of these two quantities is that they will be approximately equal to zero during all operating conditions of the protected network except during the transient period of the ground-fault and consequently they can be then easily detected.","PeriodicalId":405115,"journal":{"name":"2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127466889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Auto-tuned Solution to Wide Area Coordination Issues of Distance and Directional Time Overcurrent Relay Settings 距离和方向时间过流继电器设置的广域协调问题的自动调谐解决方案

2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE) Pub Date : 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429720

Nathan R. Thomas, Luke Hankins, Joe Perez

{"title":"Auto-tuned Solution to Wide Area Coordination Issues of Distance and Directional Time Overcurrent Relay Settings","authors":"Nathan R. Thomas, Luke Hankins, Joe Perez","doi":"10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE48231.2021.9429720","url":null,"abstract":"Relay coordination is an extremely difficult, yet vital part of a comprehensive protection strategy for modern power systems. With the recent introduction of PRC-027-1 [14] and its requirement for coordination to be reevaluated at regular intervals, innovation to reduce the burden and resources required for this activity is essential. Achieving coordination and ensuring that relays operate in a predictable manner can be quite a challenging activity, especially in highly coupled power systems with tight loops in the topology structure. In [3] we presented an early prototype of a coordination autotuner framework and demonstrated its use for the automatic generation of tuned pickup and time dial settings for direction time overcurrent relays on a mix of synthetic and real world grids.In this paper, we present improvements we have made to our autotuner framework, moving us significantly closer to a general purpose coordination autotuner, capable of performing the mundane, iterative work required during coordination studies, with guidance and feedback from the protection engineer tasked with the effort. We focus on several key areas including support for additional coordination constraints (for implementing specifics of a utility’s standard), allowing more tunable parameters (e.g., overcurrent curve) and alternative methods to calculate them, fault studies with contingencies, and incorporation of distance element responses. We show usage of each in the experiments, demonstrating how they allow us to better support common cases encountered in real world coordination studies. Together, these new capabilities address a large number of simplifying restrictions in our previous work, making us increasingly confident that autotuning-assisted coordination studies is a viable and important advancement quickly coming on the horizon in system protection.","PeriodicalId":405115,"journal":{"name":"2021 74th Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (CPRE)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126553315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0