REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a127
Melba Luz Calle Meza, José Ignacio Lacasta-Zabalza
{"title":"PLEBISCITOS POR LA PAZ Y DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES EN COLOMBIA. UNA APROXIMACIÓN HISTÓRICA Y COMPARADA, 1957-2016","authors":"Melba Luz Calle Meza, José Ignacio Lacasta-Zabalza","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a127","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the legal, political and historical nature of the plebiscite and its relationship with fundamental rights. The study has a comparative approach, of theoretical, conceptual and critical reflection on the plebiscite as a mechanism for legitimizing political power and, at the local level, on its connection with the search for peace. And he concludes that the comparison between the plebiscites of 1957 and 2016 is useful to show, on the one hand, that in Colombia the characteristic features of this mechanism in the universal history of the 20th century have also been revealed. That is, despite its foundation in direct democracy, due to the use that can be given to manipulate the popular will, the plebiscite can be useful for Bonapartist or Orléanist and presidential systems, as well as for interests contrary to republicanism and theories of democratic rights like those of Luigi Ferrajoli. On the other hand, in this country, with the lure of the end of violence as a background in both cases, while in 1957 the plebiscite was a complete success for its organizers (traditional political parties and military junta) who achieved overwhelming popular approval (with wide participation) of the exclusive political system called the National Front and one of the decisive factors of the armed conflict in the last century; In 2016, the real leader of the plebiscite was the then senator Álvaro Uribe, former president and head of the opposition to the government of Juan Manuel Santos, promoter of peace. Uribe thus obtained, with a weak victory of the No to the «Havana Agreements» and an abstention rate of more than 60%, a clear victory for his authoritarian and warmongering policy, a key approach to the electoral campaign that would lead his political party to the victory in the 2018 presidential elections and the consequent stagnation of peace objectives.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42899833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a129
Edwin Jesith Bernal Ramírez
{"title":"ANTECEDENTES DE LA CORRUPCIÓN Y SU IMPORTANCIA EN EL DESPOJO DE TIERRAS EN COLOMBIA","authors":"Edwin Jesith Bernal Ramírez","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a129","url":null,"abstract":"The administration of justice in Colombia has always raised concerns about the control of the acts of the authorities to proscribe and limit the abuse of power, as a consequence of structural, functional and organizational problems, despite attempts at profound reforms to the judicial system A certain degree of opinion persists in society that reflects dissatisfaction about the functioning that negatively affects the confidence of the Colombian people. This article is developed with a historical research method, which shows the legislative journey around studying and analyzing the scope of crime that, from legal persons, intervenes to the detriment of the land restitution process in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47079251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a133
C. Ordóñez-Hernández
{"title":"SIGNIFICADOS CULTURALES DEL CONCEPTO INCLUSIÓN LABORAL EN PROFESIONALES POSGRADUADOS EN SEGURIDAD Y SALUD EN EL TRABAJO","authors":"C. Ordóñez-Hernández","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a133","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the cultural meanings of the concept of labor inclusion in postgraduate professionals in safety and health at work who attended a refresher course at a university in Cali Colombia. Material and Method: It was a qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The information was obtained using the free word listing technique and was analyzed using the cultural domain model. The group of participants was made up of 37 professionals who work in the administration of the occupational health and safety management system. Results: The concept of inclusion was defined by the perceived barriers to labor inclusion around the central elements disability and opportunity, the intermediate elements exclusion, bias and unemployment and the peripheral elements accessibility and redesign. Conclusions: The culture of inclusion is mainly circumscribed around disability and as a right of the worker and a responsibility of the company enshrined in the regulations.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48568149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a131
César Alberto Correa Martínez, Dacmar Andrea Báez Mesa, Catherine del Pilar Díaz Sanabria, Nubia Lorena Daza López
{"title":"EL SISTEMA DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL EN SALUD EN COLOMBIA Y EL DESCONOCIMIENTO DE LOS PRINCIPIOS DE UNIVERSALIDAD, SOLIDARIDAD E INTEGRALIDAD","authors":"César Alberto Correa Martínez, Dacmar Andrea Báez Mesa, Catherine del Pilar Díaz Sanabria, Nubia Lorena Daza López","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v33.a131","url":null,"abstract":"The current Pandemic has exposed the crisis in the health system and the urgency that, once the trance is over, structural problems be addressed to increase the quality and opportunity of access to the health system. This article seeks to analyze whether, during the pandemic, the principles of universality, solidarity and integrality, established in the General System of Social Security in Health and that respond to the content of the Political Constitution of 1991, were ignored. For the above, the proposed objectives correspond to the review of the current state of health care and the elements available to the State in the face of the health crisis, to understand the dangers that a global crisis such as Covid-19 can represent for compliance with the principles of the Social Security System in Health in Colombia, as well as the implications in the paradigm shift from a health model as a public policy to a fundamental right, to finally analyze the right to health of the elderly in the face of the pandemic. The social security health system in Colombia was not designed to deal with crises like the current one, and fortunately there have not been the mortality rates that were expected. However, it is necessary to rethink the rights around the health care of the vulnerable population in catastrophic situations, since the government risk of violating the enjoyment of life in decent conditions is latent, given the potential prioritization of intermediate care. and intensive in health centers in the face of the crisis generated by the Coronavirus pandemic.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44173170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a118
Rodrigo Hernán Torrejano Vargas, Henry Bocanegra Acosta
{"title":"PERSONAJES SOCIALES, UNA CLAVE EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE IDENTIDAD COLECTIVA: LA EDAD MEDIA","authors":"Rodrigo Hernán Torrejano Vargas, Henry Bocanegra Acosta","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a118","url":null,"abstract":"This historiographical article identifies and explains some of the social characteristics of the personality and collective identity of certain representative figures of medieval history (villicus, the knight, the courtier, the civil servant, the polygraph and the european witch) from the self-assertion conceptual perspective raised by the German sociologist Norber Elias. A study carried out from the perspective of the combination of methodological collectivism, in which material and cultural conditions are fundamental to contextualize and explain into historical proceses, and methodological individualism, which warns us of the presence and interference of individual episodes in the creation of a process in time and space. These elements allow us to establish that all these social characters were conceived in a rural, peasant and feudal matrix, relatively autarkic, and evolved in the crucible of an urban, mercantile and courtly structure.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45060553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a120
Camilo Andrés Devia Garzón, Juan Carlos García Perilla, Walter René Cadena Afanador
{"title":"EL ENFOQUE DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS EN LA REFORMA AL SECTOR SEGURIDAD (RSS) EN HAITÍ Y LA CONTRIBUCIÓN DESDE COLOMBIA","authors":"Camilo Andrés Devia Garzón, Juan Carlos García Perilla, Walter René Cadena Afanador","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a120","url":null,"abstract":"This document aims to analyze the SSR implementation process in Haiti. Initially, SSR will be approached from the United Nations as the theoretical reference for these processes implementation. Then, the development of the SSR process in this country will be analyzed, identifying the application approach during the intervention of the different missions since 1994, establishing the recurring points on which the efforts were concentrated and characterizing the difficulties resulting from this implementation that have prevented the consolidation of an efficient and viable security system. The analysis is based on the 68 Reports of the Secretary General issued on the Haiti situation in seven missions deployed. It is a descriptive investigation, qualitative, documentary and with consultation of primary official sources. It is concluded that the results in terms of SSR in Haiti have been insufficient, despite the considerable effort made by the United Nations and the countries participating in peacekeeping operations, evidencing a greater parameterization of measurement of results in terms of RSS in the last two stages, MINUJUSTH and BINUH. The participation of the Colombian Military Forces in these missions was highlighted and recognized, especially with the deployment of 15 contingents of uniformed members of the National Police, leaving learning experiences and opportunities for institutional improvement.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43634826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a116
Isnel Martínez Montenegro
{"title":"EL RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO DE LAS EMPRESAS DE INTERMEDIACIÓN TURÍSTICA EN CHILE","authors":"Isnel Martínez Montenegro","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a116","url":null,"abstract":"The doctrinal and comparative foundation of the legal regime of tourism intermediation companies in Chile can contribute to achieving an improvement in the functioning of tourist economic activity. In the same way, an updated bibliographic support will be achieved with the required scientific level, from the legal perspective and will serve as a consultation tool for the analysis and resolution of problems that are presented to the specialists and legal operators who participate in these processes of marketing of this industry. At the same time, it aims to carry out an approach on the legal regime of tourism intermediation companies and their different modalities, legal, cognitive and regulatory problems that arise according to their different classifications and operation. On the other hand, it must be considered that many of the scientific advances have a direct impact on this economic activity, so that finally, for the commercialization of the national tourism product, a plurality of subjects usually intervene in this heterogeneous market that they are sources of numerous Legal conflicts and their analysis are largely the achievement of this study.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41615307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a119
T. M. Torres López, Liliana Parra Osorio, Jazmín Aranzazú Munguía Cortés, Antonio de Jesús de la Cruz Villarreal, Rodolfo Mosquera Navarro
{"title":"REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DEL DESEMPLEO DE HABITANTES DE DIVERSOS CONTEXTOS CULTURALES Y DIFERENTES GRUPOS POBLACIONALES","authors":"T. M. Torres López, Liliana Parra Osorio, Jazmín Aranzazú Munguía Cortés, Antonio de Jesús de la Cruz Villarreal, Rodolfo Mosquera Navarro","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a119","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the social representations content of unemployment of inhabitants of diverse cultural contexts and different population groups. Methodology: 690 people (356 women and 334 men) participated, selected by purposeful sampling. The free listing technique was applied to them; the data was analyzed by the thematic content analysis. Results: The categories were found: economic components, personal and social effects, negative emotions and coping with unemployment. All the participants show coincidences in representing unemployment with a global vision, as an unemployed time, without money, that generates poverty, negative emotions, personal and social effects, most included proposals for individual coping and few social coping. Conclusion: Differences were found by age groups and by place of origin. Highlighting the population perspective allows access to their world of meanings and generates bases to establish proposals for individual, institutional and social intervention.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46456854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a117
C. Ulloa
{"title":"LEYES DE COMUNICACIÓN EN LOS GOBIERNOS DEL GIRO A LA IZQUIERDA: VENEZUELA, ARGENTINA, BOLIVIA Y ECUADOR","authors":"C. Ulloa","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a117","url":null,"abstract":"Why were new communication and telecommunications laws enacted in South America in the left-turning governments of Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Argentina in the first two decades of the 21st century? The answer falls within a contextualization of the political, economic, and social moment these countries went through, where the majority of the population simultaneously expressed themselves at the polls in favor of an ideological orientation, turning this circumstance into a new phenomenon in the region. For the purpose at hand, a comparison is drawn between the essential milestones of the process for the approval of such laws in the four cases and the political intentions underlying those regulations, in an interdisciplinary exercise involving communication and political science. Here we pose the conjecture that these laws distorted the purpose of democratizing communication, as they were conceived at the beginning, due to a confrontation with the independent media.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49020535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
REVISTA REPUBLICANAPub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a123
Paula asesora Mazuera Ayala, Andrea Mazuera Ayala
{"title":"EUTANASIA: UN CUERPO DICE NO, UNA VOLUNTAD QUE RECLAMA DIGNIDAD","authors":"Paula asesora Mazuera Ayala, Andrea Mazuera Ayala","doi":"10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2022.v32.a123","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes to analyze euthanasia from a socio-legal angle, understanding that if there is a legal and medical framework in Colombia that addresses this practice, the evidence reveals that various cultural, institutional, political and social elements permeated the application, creating an authentic legal problem, with severe connotations in the relationship between individual freedoms and the social rule of law. To carry out this analysis, a joint interpretation of legal, theoretical, medical, scientific and journalistic elements was carried out that would contribute to the critical understanding of access to euthanasia and of the bodily reality of the patient as a subject of law.","PeriodicalId":40477,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA REPUBLICANA","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42954803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}