{"title":"A MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS APPROACH TO PALLET SELECTION: DEVELOPMENT OF A MATERIAL-OF-CONSTRUCTION EVALUATION MODEL","authors":"Chama Chama, K. Harding, J. Mulopo, Paul Chego","doi":"10.7166/32-3-2614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/32-3-2614","url":null,"abstract":"Although pallets have traditionally been constructed from wood, there has been a shift towards making them from plastic and other composite materials. Subsequently, the storage and transportation industry has been inundated with questions about ‘the best’ pallet material type in relation to a supply chain. In addition, in a rapidly changing global manufacturing and storage environment, industry players have difficulty justifying the high capital cost of adopting new state-of-the-art pallets. This paper seeks to build a model to identify the best pallet material-of-construction (MOC) as perceived by the end consumer. The approach used for this was based on different stages of building an assistive multi-criteria decision model. This included modelling the decision framework using the analytic hierarchy process and undertaking an independent case study as the baseline for the modelling.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"326 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130826836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF THE ISO 9001 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN GAUTENG, SOUTH AFRICA","authors":"Aluwani Yvonne Magodi, I. A. Daniyan, K. Mpofu","doi":"10.7166/33-1-2521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/33-1-2521","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of quality management systems (QMS) is central to the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). At present, there is a lack of information about the level of adoption and implementation of QMS by SMEs in Gauteng Province, even though that province has the highest number of SMEs in South Africa (SA). This study therefore aims to investigate the effect of the ISO 9001 QMS on SMEs in Gauteng. Quantitative research was conducted, and an online survey was used to collect data. An inferential statistical data analysis involving the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyse the collected data. The chi-square and Fischer’s exact tests were applied to validate the statistical significance of four hypotheses. The inferential analysis showed that there is a relationship between ISO 9001 implementation and SMEs’ sustainability, as well as a direct relationship between the implementation of ISO 9001 and the performance, growth, and life span of SMEs in Gauteng Province. In addition, the results indicated that 64 per cent of the surveyed SMEs are aware ISO 9001, while 36 per cent of SMEs were not aware of QMS. The survey indicated that SMEs face several challenges, such as the ineffective implementation of QMS, poor funding, a low level of human capacity development, a lack of adequate resources, poor working environment, and poor work organisation, a lack of necessary materials, and the use of inappropriate work methods. It is envisaged that, if a culture of QMS were to be adopted and implemented by SMEs, there would probably be an improvement in operational efficiency, leading to improved customer satisfaction and increased turnover and profitability.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115479200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masthura Yahaya, Sok Li Lim, A. Ibrahim, W. C. Yeong, M. Khoo
{"title":"A VARIABLE SAMPLE SIZE SYNTHETIC CHART FOR THE COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION","authors":"Masthura Yahaya, Sok Li Lim, A. Ibrahim, W. C. Yeong, M. Khoo","doi":"10.7166/32-4-2545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/32-4-2545","url":null,"abstract":"A variable sample size (VSS) synthetic chart to monitor the coefficient of variation is proposed in this paper to improve the performance of the existing synthetic chart. A description of how the chart operates, as well as the formulae for various performance measures (i.e., the average run length (ARL), standard deviation of the run length (SDRL), average sample size (ASS), and expected average run length (EARL)) are proposed. The algorithms that optimise the out-of-control ARL (ARL1) and EARL (EARL1), subject to the constraints in the in-control ARL (ARL0) and ASS (ASS0), are also proposed. Subsequently, optimal charting parameters for various numerical examples are obtained. The proposed chart shows a significant improvement over the existing synthetic -chart. Comparisons with other -charts also show that the proposed chart performs better than the Shewhart- and VSS- charts under all cases, while showing better performance than the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) and VSS EWMA- charts for moderate and large shift sizes. Finally, this paper shows the implementation of the proposed chart on an actual industrial example.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129259400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE FACTORS CHARACTERISING HIGH-PERFORMING MAINTENANCE TEAMS IN THE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY","authors":"Kerwin de Vries, K. Visser","doi":"10.7166/32-3-2626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/32-3-2626","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, the maintenance function of an organisation was viewed as a ‘necessary evil’; however, the view has shifted to seeing it as a strategic element within an organisation to accomplish its business objectives. For organisations to continue to be competitive, they need to harness the true potential of their people by evaluating ways for maintenance teams to achieve effective teamwork. In the light of this, the study was tailored to determine the factors that characterise high-performing maintenance teams in the petrochemical industry in South Africa. The study determined an importance ranking of these critical factors when implementing high-performance maintenance teams. A questionnaire was used to gather quantitative data from 69 respondents. Analysis of the data revealed that the most important factors for maintenance teams to achieve high performance were knowledge and motivation. It was also found that the most important performance indicators for maintenance were equipment availability, overall equipment effectiveness, and spares availability.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114097490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A SYSTEMS THINKING CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR VALUE CREATION IN THE AFRICAN CEMENT MARKET","authors":"Johan Meyer, L. Pretorius","doi":"10.7166/32-3-2608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/32-3-2608","url":null,"abstract":"Cement is the world’s most important building material, and it has made Africa, as an emerging market, dependent on the cement industry as a critical tool to promote economic infrastructure growth. Today’s challenging economic climate has also made cement producers increasingly dependent on specialists to upgrade, modernise, and maintain their operations. The objective of this research was to evaluate how engineering service organisations operating in Africa currently conduct their business with these cement producers. The research also showed that the literature on systems engineering does not make full use of value engineering concepts. The study identified this lack of collaboration, and proposed a new value engineering systems model that can be used to promote and strengthen the use of engineering services and products in the African cement industry.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123812769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NOTE FROM THE EDITOR","authors":"T. Hattingh","doi":"10.7166/32-3-2682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/32-3-2682","url":null,"abstract":"“A doctor can save maybe a few hundred lives in a lifetime. A researcher can save the whole world.” - Craig Venter This annual Special Edition once again combines outstanding papers from two conferences: The 32nd annual conference of the Southern African Institute for Industrial Engineering (SAIIE32) (4-6 October 2021, held in Muldersdrift, South Africa), The 22nd annual international conference of the Rapid Product Development Association of South Africa (RAPDASA) (3-5 November 2021, held in Pretoria, South Africa). After the first on-line conferences in 2020 due to COVID-19 regulations, it was excellent to see a return to some normality in 2021 – both these conferences were physical, and the participants were truly hungry for the physical networking opportunities. The Special Edition, introduced in 2016, continues to showcase the best research presented at these conferences. Papers undergo the same double-blind peer review process using the journal’s criteria; and the choice of those included in this Special Edition was based on rankings provided by the reviewers and on a final check of their quality and suitability by the editors of the journal. It was interesting to notice that, in 2020, both conferences focused on the road ahead after the period of uncertainty, with the following two themes: SAIIE32: Steps, and RAPDASA: Industry 4.0 – Digital manufacturing industrializing Africa. It demonstrates the resilience of humankind, and the drive to move forward. For this very reason, the feature article as selected by the chief editor, was authored by young Industrial Engineers, looking forward at what the future may hold, with the title: “Beyond The Industrial Engineering Frontier: A Few Steps In History And A Giant Leap Into The Future”. Although industrial engineers are a relatively small community of professionals, I am always inspired by the relevant, innovative, and far-reaching impact that we can have on every aspect of our society. As you read through the papers in this Special Edition, I trust that you will be inspired by the exemplary work that represents our discipline of industrial engineering. Teresa Hattingh Guest editor","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116205175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP FOR FERROCHROME PRODUCERS","authors":"Petrus T. Letaba, Sunday Zulu","doi":"10.7166/32-2-2495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/32-2-2495","url":null,"abstract":"A 30-year technology roadmap for the South African ferrochrome industry is developed to address the increasing cost of electricity and competition from China. Research on possible technologies and their applicability in ferrochrome smelting is conducted, including Industry 4.0 technologies. The developed roadmap has three phases, with full-scale digitisation deferred to the second phase. The first phase addresses the stabilisation of the industry through the introduction of alternative energy sources. The last phase of the ferrochrome industry roadmap is sustainability, which builds on the successes of previous phases. This research contributes to methods the responsible introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies in industries with existing underlying challenges. The purpose of this article is to present a technology roadmap for ferrochrome producers in South Africa as chosen by the ferrochrome industry players.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127266614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ASSESSING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT, BASED ON FUZZY GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS","authors":"O. Olabanji, K. Mpofu","doi":"10.7166/33-1-2453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/33-1-2453","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a sustainability assessment of manufacturing processes for transport equipment, using fuzzy grey relational analysis. The metrics or sub-indicators for sustainability indicators and their relative applications in the manufacturing processes are used to create sustainability matrices, which are then compared with an ideal series in order to determine grades for the processes using the grey relational model. Grades in the form of values are determined for the performances of the manufacturing processes of four different kinds of transport equipment. The grades identified manufacturing processes in which the performance of the sustainability indicators could be improved.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128970492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL CHROMITE SAND AS ‘GREEN’ REFRACTORY RAW MATERIALS FOR SAND CASTING APPLICATIONS IN A POST-PANDEMIC WORLD","authors":"J.-M Kabasele, D. Nyembwe","doi":"10.7166/32-3-2615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/32-3-2615","url":null,"abstract":"In a post-pandemic world, health and environmental safety will become a more important issue than it was before the COVID-19 pandemic. Several fields of engineering, including the foundry industry, have already adopted health and safety measures in the workplace. The risk of pulmonary disease caused by the inhalation of fine particles of silica sand, the main moulding material used in the foundry industry, is rampant in that industry. In terms of environmental protection, the new regulatory restrictions on the disposal of used sand create the need for moulding aggregates to be more recyclable than silica. Chromite sand is an alternative refractory sand for metal casting applications, and is abundant in South Africa. The present study investigated whether this aggregate has better overall reusability than silica. The focus of this study is on the use of chromite sand in foundries as a contribution to improving health in the workplace and to reducing the environmental impact of foundry sand.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121145966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A LITERATURE REVIEW ON MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR ELECTRICAL COMPONENT OBSOLESCENCE IN MILITARY-BASED SYSTEMS","authors":"Ryan Marcel Rust, A. Elshennawy, L. Rabelo","doi":"10.7166/33-1-2519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7166/33-1-2519","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is to conduct an all-inclusive investigation on past studies of obsolescence, the issues involved, and tactics for mitigation in military-based systems. This research investigates four categories: 1. Obsolescence Consequences, 2. Life Cycle Stages and Strategies for Life Cycle Management, 3. Design for Obsolescence and Cost Optimisation, and 4. Management and Tools. A quantitative approach was used to determine the key topics of the 55 articles used in this literature review. A keyword and topic matrix was used to determine the six main areas of concern in current research, and then broken down further into the four categories discussed in this paper. A deep dive into the literature shows that the main areas of concern for obsolescence are cost optimisation, obsolescence management, system life cycle, design/system refresh planning, architecture/open systems, and end-of-life (EOL) predictions. In the EOL predictions category, only one article proposed the idea of machine learning as a forecasting method. This effort suggests a need for a more streamlined management approach to tackling obsolescence. Newer research shows an interest shift from system life cycle management towards forecasting techniques and looking towards future proactive management improvements. This study demonstrates opportunities and challenges for entities dealing with component obsolescence and methods for minimising the issues that go along with it. This paper identifies current practices for obsolescence management, and points to areas for further research development.","PeriodicalId":404746,"journal":{"name":"The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering","volume":"110-111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132828374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}