Journal of Austrian Studies最新文献

{"title":"\"Yugoslavia Does Not Exist Anymore, but Yugoslavia's Capital Does, and It Is Called Vienna\": Revisiting Vienna through the Lens of (Post-)Yugoslav Migration Practices","authors":"Julia Anna Tyll-Schranz","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a914874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a914874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abstract:</p><p>Austrian history since the second half of the twentieth century is a history of immigration and thus a history of transregional entanglements. The fact that people from all over the world now live in Austria has changed how events all over the world shape the country's history. This article explores the long history of Vienna as a (post-)Yugoslav city as well as the effect of Yugoslavia's violent disintegration in the 1990s on the city's migrant communities from the region. Revisiting Austria's capital through the lens of (post-)Yugoslav migration practices serves as a case study from which to draw broader conclusions for new directions in Austrian Studies.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138692181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glanz und Elend der Aufklärung in Wien. Voraussetzungen—Institutionen—Texte by Norbert Christian Wolf (review)","authors":"Wynfrid Kriegleder","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a914879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a914879","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;In lieu of&lt;/span&gt; an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:&lt;/span&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Glanz und Elend der Aufklärung in Wien. Voraussetzungen—Institutionen—Texte&lt;/em&gt; by Norbert Christian Wolf &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Wynfrid Kriegleder &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Norbert Christian Wolf, &lt;em&gt;Glanz und Elend der Aufklärung in Wien. Voraussetzungen—Institutionen—Texte&lt;/em&gt;. Wien: Böhlau 2023. 451 S. &lt;p&gt;Norbert Christian Wolfs Bilanz der literarischen Aufklärung in Wien—in erster Linie: des josephinischen Jahrzehnts (1780–1790)—ist quasi eine Parallelaktion zu Franz Leander Fillafers historiographischer Studie von 2020, &lt;em&gt;Aufklärung habsburgisch. Staatsbildung, Wissenskultur und Geschichtspolitik in Zentraleuropa 1750–1850&lt;/em&gt;. Wolf wählt einen literatursoziologischen Zugang. Seine Gewährsleute sind Pierre Bourdieu im Allgemeinen und Alain Viala mit seiner Rekonstruktion des Pariser literarischen Felds seit dem späten 17. Jahrhundert, &lt;em&gt;Naissance de l'ècrivaine. Sociologie de la littérature à l'âge classique&lt;/em&gt; von 1985.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Der komparatistische Zugang (Wien versus Paris) ist einer der großen Pluspunkte dieser Untersuchung. Denn eine Analyse des Literaturbetriebs in der Metropole Wien muss sich an vergleichbaren Phänomenen in anderen Metropolen orientieren, an Paris oder London, und nicht an den Geschehnissen in deutschen Provinzstädten wie Leipzig oder Weimar—oder auch Berlin, das in den 1780er Jahren noch lange keine Metropole war, trotz gegenteiliger Meinung der deutschen Germanistik seit dem 19. Jahrhundert.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Freilich ist die Differenz zwischen Paris und Wien erheblich, wie Wolf betont: Anders als dort, wo die französische Sprache zum Integrationsfaktor für die Nation wurde, gab es in Wien, der Hauptstadt des multilingualen Habsburger Imperiums, keinen Bedarf der höfischen Gesellschaft an &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 102]&lt;/strong&gt; einer deutschsprachigen Literatur, deshalb auch keinen besonderen Distinktionsgewinn für Autoren, keine nennenswerten Akademien und Salons—und es kam auch nicht zur Etablierung eines autonomen literarischen Feldes. Die Literatur der josephinischen Aufklärung blieb im Wesentlichen heteronom bestimmt, engagierte sich politisch, ließ sich kaum auf ästhetische Debatten ein und wurde daher aus dem Kanon der deutschsprachigen Literatur ausgeschlossen, der sich an den Autonomievorstellungen der Weimarer Klassiker orientieren sollte.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Das Buch besteht aus drei Abschnitten. Zuerst geht es um \"Probleme einer Literaturgeschichte der österreichischen Aufklärung\". Wolf referiert das Klischee der preußen-zentrierten Germanistik vom rückständigen süddeutschen Raum, in den die Aufklärung kaum vorgedrungen sei. Gegen die gelegentlichen Forderungen nach einem regionalgeschichtlichen Zugang zur österreichischen Literatur betont er die gerade seit der Aufklärung immer stärker werdende Entregionalisierung. Der Rezensent merkt zusätzlich an: Sofern man deutsch(sprachig)e Li","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138692336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Klimt Inspired by Van Gogh, Rodin, Matisse ed. by Van Gogh Museum Amsterdam and Belvedere Museum (review)","authors":"Beret Norman","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a914882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a914882","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;In lieu of&lt;/span&gt; an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:&lt;/span&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Klimt Inspired by Van Gogh, Rodin, Matisse&lt;/em&gt; ed. by Van Gogh Museum Amsterdam and Belvedere Museum &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Beret Norman &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Van Gogh Museum Amsterdam and Belvedere Museum, eds., &lt;em&gt;Klimt Inspired by Van Gogh, Rodin, Matisse&lt;/em&gt;. Munich: Hirmer, 2022. 240 pp. &lt;p&gt;This substantial and beautiful book and its corresponding exhibition celebrate the three-hundredth anniversary of the Belvedere and form a prelude to the fifty-year jubilee marking the Van Gogh Museum's opening. With the placement of works by Klimt next to so many famous works, the curators insightfully display their case for the influence of prominent Western European artists on Gustav Klimt. Starting in Amsterdam (October 7, 2022–January 8, 2023) with the title \"Golden Boy Gustav Klimt: Inspired by Van Gogh, Rodin, Matisse …,\" the exhibition moved to Vienna's Belvedere Museum (February 7–May 29, 2023) with a shortened title: \"Klimt. Inspired by Van Gogh, Rodin, Matisse….\" With research consisting of letters from Klimt and others and contemporaneous art criticism by Hermann Bahr, Ludwig Hevesi, and Berta Zuckerkandl, the authors uniquely place Klimt at specific exhibitions and in private homes with art collections. These new insights into where Klimt would have seen European art undergird this exhibition's claim: that many European artists' works influenced Klimt's own paintings.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Following an eight-page chronological history, \"Klimt and his Time,\" nine pages of artworks follow and visually present how Klimt's oeuvre reflects the styles of other major Western artists. Each side of the fold presents a painting by Klimt juxtaposed with one by another European artist; in addition to Van Gogh, the works set next to Klimt's are by American expatriate portraitist John Singer Sargent, French painters Edmond Aman-Jean and Claude Monet, Scottish artist Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh, American painter James Abbott McNeil Whistler, French artists Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and Henri Matisse, and another Dutch painter, Kees van Dongen. After these images, seven articles about Klimt make up the rest of the book.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;A team from the Van Gogh Museum—Lisa Smit, Renske Suijver, and Edwin Becker—pens the first article, \"Shaking Viennese Art from its Slumber,\" which points out how very few established Western European artists visited Vienna. Indeed, a commonly heard criticism at the end of the nineteenth century was that \"Vienna was deprived of the latest developments\" (59).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The Belvedere's Markus Fellinger writes the second and third articles. In the second, \"Klimt's Engagement with International Art,\" Fellinger recounts Klimt's limited exposure before 1903 and then an onslaught of exposures to &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 111]&lt;/strong&gt; modern artworks, including Klimt's first trip to Berlin in 1905, then to London an","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138692538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Dynamics of Kinship in Migration Processes: Some Perspectives from Historical-Anthropological Studies on North Macedonian migrants in Austria","authors":"Darko Leitner-Stojanov, Robert Pichler","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a914875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a914875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abstract:</p><p>Based on two case studies of immigrants from North Macedonia to Vienna, this article sheds light on the dynamics of kinship in the migration process with regard to immigration, settlement and post-migration. The authors argue that the embeddedness in close trans-local social networks facilitates the access to accommodation and jobs; it also enables a certain degree of psychosocial well-being through mutual support and appears to be advantageous when setting up businesses and homeland associations. By placing kinship at the center of attention, it is essential to acknowledge its cultural diversity in order to avoid western-centric concepts of kinship that differ from concepts predominant in parts of southeastern Europe.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138692180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combating the Hydra: Violence and Resistance in the Habsburg Empire, 1500–1900 by Stephan Steiner (review)","authors":"Samuel Kessler","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a914878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a914878","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;In lieu of&lt;/span&gt; an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:&lt;/span&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Combating the Hydra: Violence and Resistance in the Habsburg Empire, 1500–1900&lt;/em&gt; by Stephan Steiner &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Samuel Kessler &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Stephan Steiner, &lt;em&gt;Combating the Hydra: Violence and Resistance in the Habsburg Empire, 1500–1900&lt;/em&gt;. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue UP, 2023. 253 pp. &lt;p&gt;Violence is ubiquitous. It takes many forms and is a central part of historical narrative—consider the number of books focused on great wars, battles, generals, conquerors, and empire builders. Every victory or national accomplishment is predicated on violence. And not only on violence in the abstract, but violence as a series of deeply intimate actions between one individual and another, repeated time and again, be it simultaneously (say by many men against many men all at once, as on a field of battle) or in series (say by one man day after day toward one new person after another, as by an executioner or a vice officer). Violence is such a deep part of human society that it can be both all-consuming and totally invisible, the premise of nearly every novel or TV show yet likewise entirely absent from the narratives of our own lives, something that we say—if we are lucky—happens to someone else, somewhere else.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In &lt;em&gt;Combating the Hydra: Violence and Resistance in the Habsburg Empire, 1500–1900&lt;/em&gt;, Stephan Steiner uses the language and theories of the history of violence to illuminate a vast new field of inquiry in Habsburg Studies. Steiner's passion lies in early modernity, a period, he points out, that scholars of violence have long identified as a key moment in the evolution of state-sponsored violence, creating forms of coercive state power that we usually identify as uniquely modern (such as forced deportations and scientifically grounded population management). As Steiner puts it, \"Wherever … state violence occurred in the early modern period, the relationship between ruler and subject, which had always been tense, emerged in its most unvarnished &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 99]&lt;/strong&gt; form. Never were subjects more subjected and sovereigns more sovereign than in outbursts of state violence\" (xv).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In this book, Steiner's focus is generally on the Empire's periphery, which, though not as far flung as the borderlands of the British or Spanish empires, nonetheless continues to occupy (no doubt because of its often obscure dialects and ethnic compositions) a more or less overshadowed space in the mainstream history of the Habsburg Europe. (How many university students in Vienna today—let alone in Berlin, Paris, or New York—could identify the location of a place as historically consequential as the Banat, the focus of chapter 2? Or supply a single fact about Gypsy slavery in the monasteries of Bukovina, the focus of chapter 10?) This is, therefore, not a book about Habsburg cour","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"298 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138692335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: Interdisciplinarity and Diversity in Austrian Studies","authors":"Tim Corbett","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a914868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a914868","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;In lieu of&lt;/span&gt; an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:&lt;/span&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; Introduction&lt;span&gt;Interdisciplinarity and Diversity in Austrian Studies&lt;/span&gt; &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Tim Corbett (bio) &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt;\"An das Lugeck kham ich ongfer / Do tratten Kauffleüt hin und her / All Nation mit ir klaydung / Da wirdt gehört manch sprach und zung / Ich dacht ich wer gen Babl khommen / Wo all sprach ein anfang gnommen / Und hört ein seltzams dräsch und gschray / Von schönen sprachen mancherlay / Hebreisch, Griechisch und Lateynisch / Teütsch, Frantzösisch, Türckisch, Hispanisch / Behaimisch, Windisch, Italianisch / Hungerisch, gut Niderländisch / Natürlich Syrisch, Crabatisch / Rätzisch, Polnisch und Chaldeisch / Des volcks auch war ein grosse meng.\"&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt; &lt;blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt;[I came to the vicinity of the Lugeck, where merchants moved to and fro, all nations in their own attire. One could hear various languages and tongues, such that I thought I had arrived in Babel, whence all languages originated. And I heard a curious commotion and the clamor of various beautiful languages, Hebrew, Greek, Latin, German, French, Turkish, Hispanic, Bohemian, Wendish, Italian, Hungarian, good Dutch, and naturally Syrian, Croatian, Rhaetian, Polish, and Chaldean. And the people were very numerous.]&lt;/p&gt; —Wolfgang Schmältzl &lt;/blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt;This depiction of the Lugeck quarter in the heart of Vienna was penned in 1547 by the pedagogue and poet Wolfgang Schmältzl, who had moved to the Austrian residential capital from the Upper Palatinate some years previously. His account is striking for several reasons: Above all else, the manifest diversity of the city's Renaissance-era population confounds the notion, still prevalent in some academic and political circles today, that Vienna was traditionally a &lt;strong&gt;[End Page xiii]&lt;/strong&gt; \"German\" city. The gamut of vernaculars enumerated here includes not only the regional tongues spoken in the territories already then under Habsburg control (German, Hungarian, and Rhaetian, as well as \"Bohemian\" or Czech, \"Wendish\" or Slovenian, and \"Crabatish\" or Croatian) and of lands further afield (Italian, Dutch, and Polish); not only the languages of the burgeoning European empires of the day (such as French, \"Hispanic\" or Spanish, as well as notably Turkish, the official language of Austria's archrival, the Ottoman Empire); and not only the liturgical languages of the various denominations then present in the city (the Hebrew of the Jews, the Greek of the Eastern Orthodox, and the Latin of the Catholics). Vienna was also \"naturally\" home to speakers of \"Syrian\" (Arabic) and \"Chaldean\" (Aramaic).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The at first seemingly innocuous terminology ascribed to the presence of Hebrew, Turkish, and Arabic speakers in particular reveals another striking characteristic of this contemporary account of Renaissance Vienna, namely that this astounding and (by today's prec","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138692172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Friedrich Zweigelt (1888–1964). Wissenschaftler, Rebenzüchter, Nationalsozialist by Daniel Deckers (review)","authors":"M. Hainz","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a914887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a914887","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"34 ","pages":"123 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138992586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metternich, the German Question and the Pursuit of Peace, 1840–1848 by Barbora Pásztorová (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a906964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a906964","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Metternich, the German Question and the Pursuit of Peace, 1840–1848 by Barbora Pásztorová Tim Corbett Barbora Pásztorová, Metternich, the German Question and the Pursuit of Peace, 1840–1848. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2022. 184 pp. Prince Metternich, as the opening sentence of Barbora Pásztorová's brief monograph Metternich, the German Question and the Pursuit of Peace, 1840–1848 states, was \"without question one of the greatest figures of the first half of the 19th century\" (3). A key player in the 1814/15 Vienna Congress that redrew the political map of Europe and attempted to restore the old order of dynastic states, Metternich is remembered domestically in Austria as a draconian reactionary whose suppression of civil liberties and democratic reform ultimately failed to stem the rising tide of liberalism and emancipation in Central Europe. Although deposed during the 1848 revolutions, Metternich would later nevertheless come to be admired for his diplomatic achievements in maintaining the \"Concert of Europe\" from 1815 to 1848. It is to this latter aspect of Metternich's legacy that Pásztorová's new monograph is dedicated. It represents a revised English-language translation of her Czech-language PhD dissertation defended in 2019 at the University of West Bohemia in Plzeň. Readers will notice immediately the conspicuous brevity of this work: At only 180 pages (including the bibliography), it is considerably shorter than a standard historiographical dissertation. The primary materials consist predominantly of contemporary correspondence found in various Central European archives, augmented by a range of German-, English-, and Czech-language secondary literature. The book is divided into seven chapters plus an introduction and conclusion. [End Page 106] The first chapter opens with an overview of Metternich's role in international politics in the period between the Vienna Congress and the late 1830s, during which he promoted the German Confederation as a \"counterrevolutionary\" bloc and \"a defensive bulwark of dynastic legitimacy\" (27). The subsequent chapters focus on successive crises that challenged the peace in Europe during the 1840s and—so the author's claim—played a seminal role in what she calls the \"German question,\" beginning with the Rhine Crisis of 1840 (Chapter 2) and the Schleswig-Holstein \"question\" (Chapter 3). Chapter 4, comprising only seven pages, briefly examines the economic relations between the nebulous entities here anachronistically called \"Austria and Germany.\" This is essentially a prelude to Chapter 5, which covers the annexation of Cracow by the Habsburg Empire in 1846 and its negative economic impact on Prussian Silesia. Chapter 6 addresses the Sonderbund War in Switzerland in 1847, while Chapter 7 explores the \"national and constitutional question in Germany,\" by which the author means the lands of the German Confederation, in the Vormärz. The title of this monograph is somewhat misleading. Metternich is not th","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eine unmögliche Ästhetik. Elfriede Jelinek im literarischen Feld by Uta Degner (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a906970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a906970","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Eine unmögliche Ästhetik. Elfriede Jelinek im literarischen Feld by Uta Degner Margarete Lamb-Faffelberger Uta Degner, Eine unmögliche Ästhetik. Elfriede Jelinek im literarischen Feld. Literaturgeschichte in Studien und Quellen 33. Wien: Böhlau, 2022. 371 S. Die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit—basierend auf Uta Degners Habilitationsschrift—wurde wenige Wochen nach der Publikation der Anthologie Elfriede Jelinek: Provokationen der Kunst (De Gruyter, Oktober 2021), die Degner zusammen mit Christa Gürtler herausgegeben hat, im Böhlau Verlag (Dezember 2021) veröffentlicht. Während die Beiträge im Sammelband sich mit Jelineks provokativ-kritischen poetologischen und revolutionär selbstreflektierenden theaterästhetischen Konzepten auseinandersetzen, geht es in der Monografie um den ambitionierten Versuch die Genealogie der Jelinek'schen Ästhetik—von der Popliteratur der 60er Jahre (wir sind lockvögel baby!) bis zur Internetliteratur (Neid) im 21. Jahrhundert—zu erfassen. Degners Hauptinteresse gilt dabei der \"zugrunde liegenden Logik der Jelinek'schen Ästhetik, ihren spezifischen Positionierungen, die es immer wieder auch erfordern, wichtige konkurrierende Ästhetiken des literarischen Feldes zu berücksichtigen\" (12). Mit bemerkenswerter wissenschaftlicher Akribie erläutert sie im Einleitungskapitel ihren innovativen theoretischen Ansatz, mit dem sie sich bewusst von traditionelleren literaturwissenschaft-lichen Ästhetikanalysen absetzt. Sie greift auf Pierre Bourdieus Theorie der ästhetischen Autonomie und (quasi) \"unmöglichen\" posture (16) zurück und interpretiert die künstlerische Positionierung der Autorin mittels Bourdieus Habitusmodell als einen durch ihre soziale Biografie bedingten \"gespaltenen Habitus\": \"Jelineks Konzeption ästhetischer Erfahrung ist ihrer familiären Erfahrung […] homolog\" (17). Weiters stützt Degner sich auf Jerôme Meizozs Begriff der \"autorschaftliche[n] posture\" im literarischen Feld (14) um zu zeigen, unter welchen feldspezifischen Bedingungen sich eine nicht vorhersehbare [End Page 122] neue (\"unmögliche\", paradoxe) Ästhetik etablieren könne und wie relativ unkontrollierbar die Entstehung dieser neuen künstlerischen Position ist (16). Schließlich führt Degner die Anagnorisis (Aha-Effekt) als besonders sinnvoll für ihre autor-werkzentrierte Rekonstruktion der literarischen Genealogie Elfriede Jelineks an und gibt zu verstehen, die Anagnorisis für Jelineks Ästhetik bedeute nicht das Wiedererkennen, sondern die Umwandlung von Unkenntnis in Kenntnis (21). Dem Einleitungskapitel, in dem am Ende auf Verena Hollers \"literarisches Feld Österreich\" aufmerksam gemacht und der derzeitige Forschungsstand zu Jelineks Oeuvre knapp umrissen wird, folgen in acht Kapitel über 300 Seiten Degners interessante close readings und aufschlussreiche narratologische Analysen von Wir sind Lockvögel Baby! (Kap. 1), Die Liebhaberinnen (Kap. 2), Die Ausgesperrten (Kap. 3), Die Klavierspielerin (Kap. 5), Lust (Kap. 6), Burgtheater (Kap. 7) un","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness, Nature, and Technology: Questions of Embodiment in Haushofer's Die Wand and von Steinaecker's Die Verteidigung des Paradieses","authors":"Benjamin Schaper","doi":"10.1353/oas.2023.a906958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a906958","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This article re-reads Marlen Haushofer's seminal novel Die Wand (1963) through the lenses of Sigmund Freud, Friedrich Nietzshe, and her 21st-century successor Thomas von Steinaecker. On the basis of Freud's Das Unbehagen in der Kultur (1930) and Nietzsche's notion of homo natura as elaborated in Jenseits von Gut und Böse (1886), the article first interrogates notions of loneliness depicted in Haushofer's novel, then questions the Cartesian emphasis on the mind rather than the body as creator of knowledge, and exposes the tensions created by the human drive to control nature through technology. Finally, the article undertakes a critical comparative reading of Die Wand and von Steinaecker's Die Verteidigung des Paradieses (2016). Demonstrating the influence of Haushofer on von Steinaecker's novel will reveal how crucial developments in discourses around loneliness, nature, and technology from the second half of the 20th century are reworked and reimagined for our highly technologized contemporary age.","PeriodicalId":40350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Austrian Studies","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}