Taiwan journal of democracy最新文献

{"title":"Religious Transformations and the Language of Rights in Latin America","authors":"D. Levine","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200612.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200612.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Three elements combine to shape the relation of religion and politics in Latin America now and in the future: the facts of religious plurality and pluralism; the emergence of real social and political pluralism in a context of democracy; and the creation and diffusion of a practical vocabulary of rights that includes the defense of human rights, but goes further to promote the creation of autonomous subjects able to claim voice and participation in public life. The creation of a vocabulary of rights, with roots in social, religious, and political norms and practices, provides a theoretical and empirical bridge between religion and politics.","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121705312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture Clash Rising China vs. Asian Democratization","authors":"Ashley Esarey","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200612.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200612.0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131978868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Architecture of Authoritarianism Southeast Asia and the Regeneration of Democratization Theory","authors":"D. Slater","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200612.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200612.0001","url":null,"abstract":"What can the study of democratization in Southeast Asia contribute to our knowledge of democratization more generally? This literature exhibits two noteworthy strengths. First, Southeast Asianists have been more attentive than most general democratization theorists to structural influences on political regime outcomes: especially the power of authoritarian institutions, such as party, military, and state apparatuses, in shaping the fate of nondemocratic regimes. Second, rather than introducing completely new hypotheses or definitively testing familiar arguments, Southeast Asian regime studies play a vital role in elaborating and regenerating hypotheses for further consideration. Deep area knowledge thus serves not only to amass the raw material upon which broader theories are initially built, but also to pinpoint informative anomalies and to assess the causal mechanisms underlying our leading theories. As scholars of comparative politics increasingly explore the institutional architecture of authoritarian regimes, they should find much of general interest in theoretically informed analyses of specific Southeast Asian countries.","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125267534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Democracy in Post-Conflict and Failed States Lessons and Challenges","authors":"L. Diamond","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200612.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200612.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to assist democratic development in post-conflict states confront distinctive challenges. In particular, they must urgently address the vacuum of order left by the collapse of the state or the decline in its authority and capacity as a result of internal conflict. Yet, if international actors intervene directly to fill the vacuum, they face intense legitimacy problems and a tension between the imperatives of post-conflict stabilization and the logic of democratization. The experiences of Iraq and other recent post-conflict interventions suggest a number of lessons for post-conflict democracy building. These include the need to mobilize sufficient military, financial, and knowledge resources to meet the scope of the challenge, and the value of phasing in the return to democracy, so that local elections come first and national elections may be deferred until the political conditions are more suitable.","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126618697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faith in Inclusion? Reconsidering the Inclusion-Moderation Hypothesis through Islamist Parties in Jordan and Yemen","authors":"Ellen Lust-Okar","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200612.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200612.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123348023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2005 National Election Results in Costa Rica","authors":"R. Valle","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200607.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200607.0007","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the closely fought national election campaign in Costa Rica in 2005. The author describes the role of the Supreme Electoral Court (TSE) and the unprecedented fact that only 88.8 percent of polling stations reported their results to the TSE electronically and that in the results that were reported electronically to the TSE, there was a difference of only 0.3 percent (3,250) votes between the National Liberal Party (PLN) and the Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC). This led to a manual count, giving the PLN a 16,000-vote lead, which the Citizen Action Party (PAC) refused to accept. During the counting period, the PAC presented 695 annulment requests to the TSE, and demanded that the votes of the first 703 polling stations-those which had failed to send in their count by electronic mail-should be recounted. In the end, the TSE rejected the challenges posed by the PAC, and officially declared Oscar Arias Sanchez president-elect on March 7. The author explains how public opinion polls also played a particularly relevant role in this campaign, because all the polls undertaken from the beginning of 2005 predicted a wide margin for the PLN candidate. He also observes that the high rate of abstention was notable, as was the key role played by civil-society organizations, which were clearly in favor of the PAC and acted to the detriment of the PLN.","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123978834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2003 and 2005 Elections in Argentina: From Anomaly and Emergency to the Legitimization of a Government","authors":"Horacio Vives Segl","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200607.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200607.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the Argentinean presidential election of April 27, 2003, and the legislative election of October 23, 2005. Until the December 2001 crisis and since 1983, elections had taken place in a context of institutional normality and regularity. The author describes the economic crisis, the worst in twenty years of democracy, and the political crisis it produced. He argues that this first Argentinean presidential campaign of the twenty-first century was atypical compared with other elections held since the return of democracy: the possibilities of a first-round winner were minimal and a second round was necessary, so that this became the most contested and uncertain election in recent Argentine history; for the first time, the main parties did not present a single ticket, but were divided into various groups, and there was an unprecedented number of candidates-eighteen presidential slates were submitted, although only five had any real chance of winning; it was also the first time worldwide, a former president (Menem) who had promoted constitutional reform to introduce ballotage, ran for president, won first place in the initial round, stated his intention to participate in the second round, and finally announced that he would drop out; and the economic and social context in which the election took place was also notable, as it was perhaps the first time since the return to democracy that the Argentinean population had been so severely buffeted by a crisis at election time. Thus, the winner, President Kirchner, was forced to engage in institutional engineering and deploy all his political skill to ensure governability, and to work to consolidate political and democratic institutions. The author argues that although the president was clearly the outright winner of the legislative elections of October 23, the greatest winner was Argentine democracy. Not only did the country undergo an adjustment of its party system, but also citizens, who had earlier shown alack of trust in all political leaders, flocked to the polls on October 23, 2005, thus taking a vital step toward the consolidation of political institutions.","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"273 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116192449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Democracy in a Comparative Perspective","authors":"C. Premat","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200607.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200607.0011","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the Guidebook to Direct Democracy is to offer scholars and practitioners a reference book which accurately defines the concept of direct democracy as well as its main tools. knowing how direct democracy procedures work helps the reader to understand how to analyze their relationship to representative government.","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125137617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closely Fought Elections and the Institutionalization of Democracy","authors":"L. Whitehead","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200607.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200607.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This article looks at how closely fought elections today and historically have provided unique opportunities to advance the institutionalization of democracy, as political and social actors accept outcomes determined by laws, formal procedures, and established institutions. The author then looks at such democratic contests as promoters and controllers of the expression of partisan loyalties on the part of the electorate, such that politics, instead of being the continuation of war by other means, has be converted into a perpetual democratic peace, in which each choice-however meaningful-is only another episode in a meta-process of nonchoice (a collective commitment not to bid for power outside the electoral framework). A review of various old democracy experiences shows how this culture of acceptance of formally corroborated results is arduously constructed over time and how multiple and overlapping legal, social, domestic, external, local, and national sources of reinforcement come into play. A wide array of social and political actors must suppress differences and unite around the legitimacy and probity of the results. This reversal of stance can be hard to achieve even in the most stable and irreproachable of old democracies. It demands an exceptional degree of discipline, unity, and public spiritedness in new democracies, where the passions raised by a closely fought campaign may be harder to control. A consensual outcome, therefore, can never be taken for granted and requires constant vigilance and renewal by successive generations; making exceptions for some parties or groups will call into question the integrity of the entire electoral process. The author argues that, barring some obviously disastrous formulae, there is no single right formula to produce such a consensus on outcome, as each outcome must fit with the distinctive history and political understandings of each society. The author discusses possible explanations for why there are more closely fought elections than one might expect from a normal distribution of cases, and concludes with a consideration of the specific dynamics of intense but orchestrated competition in closely fought elections, and of the overriding need for a single authoritative procedure to corroborate results.","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129824979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating a Dangerous Strait: Assessing Responsibility, Defining Interests, and Prescribing Tactics in Relations among Taiwan, China, and the International Community","authors":"Jacques Delisle","doi":"10.29654/TJD.200607.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29654/TJD.200607.0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":403398,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan journal of democracy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123957068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}