Journal of Tumor Science Research最新文献

{"title":"Dental Care for Cancer Patients in the Prevention of Complications of Chemotherapy and Head and Neck Radiation Therapy","authors":"Davit Mathevosyan","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2024(3)127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2024(3)127","url":null,"abstract":"Oncological diseases occupy one of the first places in the structure of disability and mortality of the population. The main methods of treating patients with malignant tumors in the maxillofacial area are surgical method, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Treatment with only one of the listed methods It is rarely performed, mainly at the stage of cancer in situ or stage I of the disease. The treatment depends on the clinical and morphological characteristics of the tumor and requires the use of all methods simultaneously or in a certain sequence. Radiation and chemotherapy treatments not only have systemic side effects, but also side effects in the treatment area. Against the background of antitumor treatment, there is an exacerbation of concomitant chronic diseases, including odontogenic ones. Pathological changes appear on the mucous membrane oral cavity, on the skin, in the subcutaneous tissue, in the salivary glands and in the bone marrow of the jaw bones. The degree of damage to these structures during tumor treatment depends on their initial condition. At the same time, the initial condition of the oral cavity affects the quality of antitumor treatment. Poor oral hygiene and chronic odontogenic lesions can cause the development of episodic fevers and other general complications. All this requires stopping or changes in the tactics of antitumor treatment, which reduces its radicalism. It becomes obvious that sanitation of the oral cavity, carried out before treatment by an oncologist, will avoid or reduce the frequency complications in the maxillofacial area, improve the quality of life of an oncology patient. Dental care for such a patient has features and requires an individual approach. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the main oral tissue complications arising from chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the head and neck region. In Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed a systematic review was conducted. Search keywords terms included head and neck cancer, dental care, prevention of complications of cancer, oral tissue lesions manifestationin, chemotherapy, head and neck radiation therapy. Conducted a preliminary search and reviewed 132 titles and abstracts in this literary review included 48 article. This article analyzes the main complications of oral tissues resulting from chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the head and neck area and provides practical recommendations for the management and prevention of complications in this category of patients.","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regression of Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma (Pvrl) And Perivascular Flower Bud Like Lesions (Pfbls) on Octa After Intravitreal Methotrexate Injection Series","authors":"Meenakshisundaram (Sam) Subramanian DO","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2023(2)125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2023(2)125","url":null,"abstract":"Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma (PVRL) is a rare and aggressive type of intraocular lymphoma that affects the eye. PVRL is most commonly diagnosed in individuals in their sixth to eighth decade of life, but it can occur in younger, immunocompromised individuals. PVRL is challenging to diagnose due to its non-specific presentations, and a delay in diagnosis from the onset of symptoms can exceed 12 months. CNS involvement in PVRL is common, and patients may develop CNS involvement within a mean interval of 8-29 months after diagnosis. We present a case of a 73-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with gradual decline in vision in his left eye over the past two years, with acute worsening over the past two weeks. The patient was diagnosed with PVRL with CNS involvement based on exam, imaging and biopsy findings. The patient received intravitreal injection of methotrexate in the left eye and systemic treatment with rituximab and ibrutinib. The patient’s visual acuity improved in the left eye, and regression of tumor size was noted on the fundus exam, OPTOS, and OCTA. Prompt referral to a medical center and early diagnosis are essential in managing PVRL to prevent potential vision loss. Various imaging modalities such as fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography can be helpful in diagnosis and management of PVRL. However, the use of optical coherence tomography angiography has been only described in few case studies. The management of PVRL remains a challenge, with limited treatment options available, including systemic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129833378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Presentation of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia","authors":"M. M. Thinn, Nwe Mar Tun","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2023(2)123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2023(2)123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126434144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unusual Entity: Giant Cell Tumour of Soft Tissue in the Nasal Cavity","authors":"Nur Khairul Bariyyah Mohd Hatta, N. Saifudin","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2023(2)121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2023(2)121","url":null,"abstract":"Giant cell tumour of soft tissue (GCT-ST) are rare soft tissue tumours, with the first case reported in the 1970s. Involvement of the head and neck region, particularly in the nasal cavity is extremely uncommon. GCT-ST are considered the bone counterpart given the striking histological and immunohistochemical resemblance. Despite that, GCT-ST and GCT of bones are genetically distinct. Microscopically, GCT-ST exhibit numerous osteoclast-type multinucleated giant cells within a background of mononuclear stromal cells. They are locally aggressive and can potentially recur. It is important to distinguish GCT-ST from giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) as they both share similar clinical and morphological characteristics, however, they have different treatment modalities. We report a case of GCT-ST occurring in the nasal cavity, an unusual site of presentation.","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126006791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic Responses of Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line to Bitter Leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina), Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) and Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) Milk Extracts","authors":"J. E. Elijah, Anorue Eleazar Chukwuemeka","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2023(2)122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2023(2)122","url":null,"abstract":"This work is primarily designed to determine, through cell lines, the cytotoxic responses of pancreatic cancer cell (PANC-1) to reconstituted lyophilized extracts of coconut milk, bitter leaf and tomato with a view of evaluating the anticancer properties of these extract. The cytotoxicity analysis was performed on the extracts using the MTT assay method as previously described on pancreatic tumour (PANC-1) cell lines . The cytotoxicity studies showed concentration and dose-dependent decrease in cell viability of pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1) to the three lyophilized extracts of coconut milk, bitter leaf and tomato. Bitter leaf aqueous extract was significantly the most cytotoxic to the cancer cells followed by coconut and lastly tomato extracts. The cytotoxicity of coconut milk compared with tomato and bitter leaf to PANC-1 increased in the order of bitter leaf > coconut milk > tomato.","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127232315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report - Effects of Specialized Supplementation in the Healing Process for the Prevention/Treatment of Radiodermatitis","authors":"T. Miola, R. Campos","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)109","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. This case report aimed to evaluate the effect of specialized oral nutritional supplements (ONS) in the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis in patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer. Methods: Case report of three patients during radiotherapy treatment, one using specialized supplementation with a preventive objective and another to treat radiodermatitis, the third patient did not use any supplement, being the control. Results: Patients who used ONS showed beneficial results regarding the appearance of radiodermatitis and evolution of its degree when compared to the control patient. Patient 1 had radiodermatitis only at the end of RT with grade I toxicity. Patient 2 had radiodermatitis in the middle of treatment, where ONS started, with grade I toxicity and the lesion did not progress until the end of treatment. On the other hand, patient 3 had grade I radiodermatitis in the 10th session, evolving to grade II in the 23rd session. Conclusions: It was concluded that the use of specialized ONS helps in the healing process of radiodermatitis in patients undergoing RT in the breast region, in addition to maintaining/improving body composition.","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"33 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132532110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunonutrition Associated with the Protein Module in the Nutritional Evolution of Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Systemic Treatment: Case Report","authors":"T. Miola, Valéria Abrahão Schilling Rosenfeld","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)110","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung cancer patients are at high risk of malnutrition. Methods: Case report of two elderly patients diagnosed with lung cancer were followed up during chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. Patients used nutritional supplementation combined with immunonutrition and Whey Protein module alone during 4 treatment cycles. For nutritional and functional assessment, the following were used: Body Mass Index, percentage of weight loss, calf circumference, Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment, muscle strength by dynamometer, SARC-F, Barthel Index, biochemical tests and food recall of 24 hours. Results: During follow-up, patients were able to maintain adequate nutritional status, as well as functionality, and were not at risk for sarcopenia. Muscle strength varied, but not significantly. Conclusion: Immunonutrition associated with the protein module appears to be beneficial in cancer patients during systemic treatment.","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122861640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overtreatment in Hormone Receptor Positive, HER2-, Axillary Node Negative, Non-Metastatic Early Breast Cancer","authors":"Samuel Schick, F. Schettini","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)118","url":null,"abstract":"HR+ HER2- T1 N0 M0 breast cancer has very low 5-year postoperative risk of relapse (<5%) with current SoC treat- ment regimens: endocrine monotherapy or chemoendocrine com- bination therapy. Minimally aggressive treatment is ideal. Absent gene-profiling, histopathological features of the tumor are examined to predict risk of relapse. This paper establishes statistical evidence for use of an empirical prognostic index as a risk-based clinical decision aid where gene profiles are unavailable. Methods: A retrospective cohort (n=965) observed for 5 years was propensity score (PS) matched to correct baseline risk differences between chemoendocrine therapy and endocrine monotherapy treatment groups. PS were generated from logistic regression of pertinent histopathological covariates available to a clinician at the time of diagnosis onto treatment designation. Comparator groups were fur- ther equilibrated using Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling (SMOTE). Estimated treatment effects were assessed after propensity score- matching (PSM) and after SMOTE-normalized re-sampling. Results: Propensity score-matched groups (n=262) showed no difference in relapse rates between groups. Significant differences in histopatho- logical covariates remained between groups after PSM. SMOTE further minimized inter-group differences. Corresponding propen- sity score quartiles of the SMOTE groups (n=1000) were tested for proportional differences in relapse. No proportional differences in relapses were observed between groups in Q1-Q3. Proportionally, significantly more relapses occurred in the Q4 endocrine therapy group than in the Q4 chemoendocrine group. Conclusion: After matching, the PSM sample failed to produce generalizable results due to significant group imbalance for multiple predictor variables, whereas SMOTE re-sampling provided adequately risk-matched groups (standardized differences<0.2) for treatment effect anal- ysis. Individuals with HR+ HER2- T1 N0 M0 breast cancer are over-treated if they have PS<0.75, and are prescribed chemoen- docrine therapy, as no additional benefit was observed from this more aggressive treatment regimen. Conversely, individuals are under-treated, and at a significantly higher risk of relapse, if they have PS>0.75 and are not prescribed chemotherapy","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125715440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin Inhibits Cisplatin-Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Chemoresistant Ovarian Cancer by Repressing Akt Signaling","authors":"Xuechuan Han, Yang Fan","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)106","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of metformin in reversing the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer and the underlying mechanism. Material and Methods: The expression of E-cadherin、 vimentin and p-Akt in A2780 and A2780/DDP cells was determined by Western blot. The regulatory effects of metformin on proliferative and apoptosis in A2780/DDP cells were evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) and the Annexin V-FITC Kit. The expression of E-cadherin、vimentin and p-Akt in different groups of A2780/DDP cells was determined by Western blot. Results: The expression levels of E-cadherin were significantly lower in A2780/DDP cells than in A2780 cells (p<0.05); in contrast, the expression levels of vimentin and p-Akt were significantly higher (p<0.05). The combination of metformin and cisplatin reduced cell viability compared with cisplatin treatment only. However, the combination of cisplatin and metformin had no effect on apoptosis in A2780/DDP cells. In addition, cisplatin was shown to induce EMT in A2780/DDP cells (p<0.05), while the combination of metformin and cisplatin reversed EMT. Cisplatin was also shown to increase the expression levels of p-Akt in A2780/DDP cells (p<0.05), while the combination of metformin and cisplatin reversed the expression of p-Akt. Conclusion: Metformin can sensitize A2780/DDP cells to cisplatin by inhibiting EMT. We hypothesize that the mechanism responsible for this effect involves the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway.","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"14 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128988096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Melasma: Emerging Facts","authors":"Rabin Jung Thapa, S. Yadav","doi":"10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jtsr/2022(1)117","url":null,"abstract":"Melasma is a dark or tan discoloration of the skin, whose exact cause is still unclear however sun exposure, hormonal influences, phototoxic drugs, and genetic factors are some of attributing factors. It is more common in females; with an 80% distribution is Centro-facial. Pathophysiologically, melasma shows the surge in dermal and epidermal pigmentation along with melanosomes, perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates, and expansion of melanocytes. The latest treatment regimens include oral, topical, and procedural therapies. Conventional treatment of melasma includes hydroquinone, tretinoin, corticosteroids, and triple combination creams; Tranexamic acid, Polypodium leucotomos, and glutathione are newer drugs that have shown propitious effects. Techniques such as chemical peels, micro-needling, radiofrequency, and laser are also widely used as first-line or complementary treatments for melasma. Combing different treatment modalities have shown better efficacy than monotherapy. The objective of this review is to update the current emerging treatment modalities of melasma.","PeriodicalId":403337,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tumor Science Research","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133102897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}