Economics of Transition and Institutional Change最新文献

Optimizing China's economic performance through government hierarchy restructuring

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12437

Qurat ul Ain

{"title":"Optimizing China's economic performance through government hierarchy restructuring","authors":"Qurat ul Ain","doi":"10.1111/ecot.12437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12437","url":null,"abstract":"China's Province-managing-county (PMC) reform policy aims to mitigate fiscal stress and augment expenditure autonomy for county governments by eradicating the subordinate fiscal relationship between prefectures and counties. The research augments the time-varying difference-in-difference technique, utilizing a longitudinal dataset at the county level to examine the incentive effects of this reform on economic performance and local government policy decision. The empirical investigation divulges that the local fiscal incentives introduced by this reform through alleviating fiscal stress and providing expenditure autonomy significantly impact economic performance and influence local government policy decisions. The outcomes become more noticeable in economically developed regions and those characterized by enhanced institutional quality and reduced migration barriers. Additionally, the reform encourages counties to adopt a more proactive fiscal policy characterized by increased capital expenditure to promote economic performance while reducing expenditures on social security subsidies and administrative costs affirming that economic performance targets of county governments garbles the composition of public expenditure. These results support positing that a flattened hierarchical structure ameliorates delays in fiscal matters and facilitates communication across various levels of government in the context of improved institutional quality and reduced migration barriers however at the expense of reduced public expenditures. The findings additionally signifies that PMC policy reform become more incentivized in the political competition for economic performance.","PeriodicalId":40265,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transition and Institutional Change","volume":"33 2","pages":"487-516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International monetary fund conditionality and structural reforms: Evidence from developing countries

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12436

Ablam Estel Apeti, Kwamivi Mawuli Gomado

{"title":"International monetary fund conditionality and structural reforms: Evidence from developing countries","authors":"Ablam Estel Apeti, Kwamivi Mawuli Gomado","doi":"10.1111/ecot.12436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12436","url":null,"abstract":"The global economy, dominated by the consequences of a disastrous health crisis and international tensions, needs policy support to regain its growth dynamic. To regain an inclusive and sustainable growth dynamic, structural policies of governments are needed to allow a reallocation of resources and to stimulate productivity. International cooperation seems to be necessary and the IMF's contribution could play an important role in promoting reforms. Indeed, in IMF-supported programmes, the conditions for developing countries' transition to liberalization and open markets are often common. We address the question of whether periods of International Monetary Fund (IMF) conditionality contribute to the promotion of structural reforms in developing countries. Through the entropy balancing method and alternative identification strategies, we show that IMF conditionality programmes promote structural reforms in developing countries. We show that the effect of IMF conditionality can vary depending on the type of conditionality, the type of reform, the time frame and the initial level of structural reforms and can depend on some structural factors including the business cycle, the quality of fiscal and monetary policy, the level of development and the quality of institutions. Furthermore, we show that IMF conditionality can have spillover effects on trading partners and that IMF conditionality programmes that are met tend to have a greater impact on structural reforms. Finally, the effects of adopting reforms under IMF conditionality depend on domestic partisan politics.","PeriodicalId":40265,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transition and Institutional Change","volume":"33 2","pages":"439-486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ecot.12436","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial wage curve and the role of external factors over time

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12432

Aleksandra Majchrowska, Paulina Broniatowska

{"title":"Spatial wage curve and the role of external factors over time","authors":"Aleksandra Majchrowska, Paulina Broniatowska","doi":"10.1111/ecot.12432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12432","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to answer the question of how strongly the situation in local and neighbouring labour markets affects the level of wages in the local labour market. To answer it we use the wage curve concept. We estimate the wage curve that includes spatial effects and check the stability of the relationships over time. We concentrate on 380 local labour markets in Poland. The research period covers 2005–2021, and spatial panel models are used. Our estimates confirm the existence of the statistically significant and negative relationship between average wages and the situation in the local labour market in Poland with an estimated elasticity of −0.06. Moreover, we confirm the existence of the spatial wage curve in Poland in the 2005–2021 period. Both direct (local) and indirect (spatial) effects are statistically significant and negative on average in the analysed period. The total effects of unemployment rate wages vary from −0.06 to −0.08 depending on the spatial matrix used. Additionally, our research indicates several macroeconomic and institutional factors which are important in shaping wages. Lastly, we find that the elasticity of wages with respect to the unemployment rate is not stable over time. The relationship between unemployment and average wages has strongly weakened.","PeriodicalId":40265,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transition and Institutional Change","volume":"33 2","pages":"413-437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Which route to elite turnover leads to women's political empowerment in developing countries?

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12431

Itchoko Motande Mondjeli Mwa Ndjokou, Murielle Fokou Pepoung Dzeukoh

{"title":"Which route to elite turnover leads to women's political empowerment in developing countries?","authors":"Itchoko Motande Mondjeli Mwa Ndjokou, Murielle Fokou Pepoung Dzeukoh","doi":"10.1111/ecot.12431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12431","url":null,"abstract":"It's commonly accepted that policymakers should promote women's inclusion for a more inclusive society. Drawing from the literature on democratic and non-democratic routes of elite turnover, this study analyses the effects of elite turnover on women's political empowerment (WPE) by comparing two main routes: political alternation and internal conflict. We measure WPE by using women's political empowerment index (WPEI) from the varieties of democracy database. Based on a large sample of 128 developing countries over the period 1980–2021, the ordinary least square fixed effect and Driscoll-Kraay fixed effects estimations show that elite turnover has a positive and statistically significant impact on WPE. Similar evidence is found when decomposing the WPEI in its sub-indices notably women's political participation, civil society participation, and women's civil liberties sub-indices. This result is also supported by the view that elite turnover increases education, as well as the institutional environment which therefore enables WPE. These results are robust to alternative estimation techniques including the system generalized method of moments and two-stage least squares (GMM and IV 2SLS). Furthermore, the results remain unchanged when considering the majority of the geographical locations of our sample (it is insignificant for the MENA region) and the role of decentraliszation.","PeriodicalId":40265,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transition and Institutional Change","volume":"33 2","pages":"369-411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Balancing act: Examining the trade-offs between regional convergence and economic growth in China's province managing county reform

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12433

Tahir Yousaf

{"title":"Balancing act: Examining the trade-offs between regional convergence and economic growth in China's province managing county reform","authors":"Tahir Yousaf","doi":"10.1111/ecot.12433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12433","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the relationship between regional convergence, economic growth and government hierarchies, with a specific focus on the province managing county (PMC) reform policy in China. The motivation for this research stems from the observation that a substantial portion of the increased inequality in China is attributable to disparities at the county level. This underscores the necessity for policies that address regional inequalities at the county level while simultaneously promoting sustained economic growth. We employ a time-varying quasi-natural experiment to explore how this reform has influenced regional convergence and economic growth within the sample period. The outcomes reveal that the PMC reform had a detrimental impact on regional convergence, hindering it by an average of 2.6%, while economic growth received a modest increase of 0.36%. The study also reveals notable heterogeneity in the effects of the reform, contracted disparities in western region, alongside exhibiting widened disparities and higher growth in eastern & central region. The study also investigates the underlying mechanisms, finding that expenditures on basic provisions reduced, while county revenue and investment expenditures increased following the policy change. It proposes that the increased investment in capital expenditures stimulated economic growth but came at the cost of hindering regional convergence.","PeriodicalId":40265,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transition and Institutional Change","volume":"33 2","pages":"339-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An experiment on the stability of business environment perceptions in a firm survey 关于企业调查中商业环境认知稳定性的实验

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12434

Asif M. Islam, Jorge Rodriguez Meza

引用次数: 0

Corporate basic research and technological capabilities: Evidence from China

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12435

Xiaosheng Ju, Shengjun Jiang, Yuxuan Hu

引用次数: 0

Can the improvements in human capital quality mitigate the negative impact of ageing on growth? Evidence from selected EU countries 人力资本质量的提高能否减轻老龄化对经济增长的负面影响？来自部分欧盟国家的证据

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12430

Izabela Sobiech Pellegrini, Rafał Chmura, Jakub Sawulski, Tymoteusz Mętrak

{"title":"Can the improvements in human capital quality mitigate the negative impact of ageing on growth? Evidence from selected EU countries","authors":"Izabela Sobiech Pellegrini, Rafał Chmura, Jakub Sawulski, Tymoteusz Mętrak","doi":"10.1111/ecot.12430","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecot.12430","url":null,"abstract":"Most long-term GDP projections in developed countries expect a substantial decline in GDP growth rates over time. The main factor behind it is demographic changes, especially the decreasing working-age population. We argue that these projections do not consider improvements in the quality of the human capital, which may, at least to some extent, mitigate the effects of the negative demographic shock. We start with a simple observation—the skills of younger age cohorts are higher than of older cohorts. Assuming that the current level of skills will be obtained also by the generations which will enter the labour market in the future, the average level of skills among the working-age population will increase. Trying to catch this effect, we use the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies standardised test results to create an aggregate human capital measure, the average skill level of the work force, for 18 European Union countries and project it until 2040. We show that on average at least one sixth of the negative impact of the shrinking of the working-age population can be offset by the increase in the quality of human capital and that this number can increase to three quarters in a less conservative scenario.","PeriodicalId":40265,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Transition and Institutional Change","volume":"33 2","pages":"253-274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141863451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Platform economy and missing entrepreneurship: Evidence from E-commerce development policy in China

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12429

Sitong Pan, Qinghua Shi, Yue Zhang

引用次数: 0

Impact of economic crises on corporate-banking relationship: Evidence from Korea 经济危机对企业银行业务关系的影响：韩国的证据

IF 1 4区经济学

Economics of Transition and Institutional Change Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/ecot.12428

Dongwoo Kim, Hoon Jung

引用次数: 0