Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU最新文献

{"title":"A Study on Enumeration of Factors Prone to the Development of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis","authors":"S. Velusamy, Jayakumar Rajagopal, Jessica Jayakumar, Dharshini Parthiban, Adeeb Ismail Zahir Hussain","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1769582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769582","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background  Patients with pre-existing chronic medical conditions with altered immunity are prone to COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM). Objective  In this study, our objectives were to identify the risk factors that increase the chances of developing CAM and to determine the severity of the risk factors of CAM. Thereby, we can optimize the modifiable risk factors for developing CAM in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. For instance, better control of blood glucose levels in COVID-19 patients can decrease the risk of developing CAM. Materials and Methods  The data was collected retrospectively from 1000 COVID-19 infected patients, above the age of 18 years during the time period of March 2021 to August 2021, in which 86 patients had confirmed CAM. Statistical Analysis  Binary logistic regression and curve estimation analysis were performed using SPSS software version 29 for identifying the associated risk factors of CAM with the significance of p -value less than 0.05. Results  Factors such as severe inflammation ( p  = 0.048), high dose of steroid administration ( p  = 0.005), increasing age ( p  < 0.001), and prolonged hospital stay ( p  < 0.001) were statistically proven to be significant risk factors, associated with CAM. Conclusion  Increasing age, severe inflammation, high dose of steroid administration, and prolonged hospital stay have association with occurrence of CAM.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48197200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucormycosis of the Middle Ear—A Report of a Rare Case","authors":"Megha Madhu, S. Kamath P, V. Bhat, T. Srinivas","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1769583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769583","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection that often affects the nose and paranasal sinuses. The disease prevalence was very high in India during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, thereby raising public awareness about this disease. The general practitioners were updated about the disease characteristics and the requirement for emergency management. Yet, in some instances, the treatment was inadequate due to delayed presentation and low affordability for treatment. The mucormycosis of the ear, on the other hand, is a rare occurrence that demands meticulous study for early diagnosis and management. Here, we discuss the case of a patient with mucormycosis of the middle ear.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49598440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practice of Parents Regarding Home Management of Minor Ailments in Children Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital Mangaluru","authors":"Navitha K., Melba Roshini Lobo, U. J","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background  The nation's future depends on its children. Minor illnesses are a common occurrence during childhood. It is crucial to evaluate parents' knowledge and practice when it comes to dealing with minor illnesses. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of parents regarding home management of minor ailments in children. Methods  The descriptive research design was adopted for this study. The sample consisted of 65 parents of under-5 children The sample was selected on the basis of the purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist related to the management of minor illnesses in children including fever, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI; cough, cold, sore throat), diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal colic, and superficial wound. Data collected from the subjects were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results  Study revealed that 80% had good knowledge, 20% had moderate knowledge, and none of them had poor knowledge on home management of minor ailments. In terms of practice, 55.4% of parents had moderate practice in the management of fever, 93.8% had good practice regarding the management of URTI, 43.1% had a good practice in managing diarrhea at home, 47.7% of parents had poor practice regarding home management of abdomen colic, 56.9% parents had a good practice on management of vomiting at home, and 92.3% had good practice score on managing superficial wounds at home. There was a significant association found with education status and knowledge score, as well as educational status and occupation with URTI practice and source of health information with fever at p -value less than 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion  The results of this study showed that parents of under-5 children had good knowledge and practice regarding home management of minor ailments.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41961686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Characterization of Legionella pneumophila and Related Species from Water-Based Recreational Sites","authors":"Sneha B Shetty, A. Kenjar, J. Raj, Akhila D.S, I. Karunasagar, R. Vittal","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770070","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background and Objectives   Legionella is a genus of gram-negative bacteria common in soil and aquatic systems and is associated with protists. They have emerged as a pathogenic group due to the increased use and poor maintenance of artificial water environments. This study aims at phenotypic and molecular identification of Legionella in water and swab samples collected from water-based recreational sites. The biofilm-forming ability of Legionella on exposure to various temperatures and iron concentrations was also studied. Methods  A total of 60 samples including 30 swab samples and 30 water samples (decorative fountain ponds, swimming pools, garden sprinklers, drip irrigation system) were collected from in and around Mangalore, Karnataka, India. From each source, swab and water samples were collected as per the Indian standard IS: 1622. The collected samples were processed within 4 hours of collection. The samples were subjected to microbiological and chemical estimation followed by filtration through a 0.2 µm membrane filter. Isolation of Legionella from collected samples was performed as per US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines 2005. The positive isolates were then checked for biofilm-forming ability at various temperatures (25°C, 35°C, and 45°C) and iron concentration (3 mg/L, 30 mg/L, and 300 mg/L) using crystal violet assay. Results  Out of 30, water and swab samples tested, one water sample from a garden sprinkler, swimming pool, and one from both water and swab samples from a decorative fountain showed the presence of Legionella . A biofilm study of Legionella at various temperatures and iron concentrations categorized the bacteria as a moderate biofilm former. Conclusion  This study revealed that most of the water and swab samples were found to be negative for Legionella that is quite encouraging and the contamination of water systems in recreational facilities can be reduced by decontamination techniques and proper hygienic practices.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44210963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Hematological Parameters in Early Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis in Comparison to C-Reactive Protein","authors":"D. Joshi, S. Padma, J. K., Shreya Goel, Abena Hidangmayum","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768593","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background  Neonatal sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. As neonatal sepsis presents with subtle symptoms and signs, decision to start empirical antibiotics is most often based on risk profile. Hematological parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) are routinely done as a part of sepsis screening, but isolation of microorganism on blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosis of sepsis. Methodology  One-hundred neonates with suspected sepsis were studied and their hematological parameters, hematological scoring system (HSS), and CRP were correlated to blood culture. Results  Among the study population, immature to total neutrophil count (I:T) ratio had the best sensitivity (94.1%) and negative predictive value (83.3%), followed by HSS with a sensitivity of 64.7% and negative predictive value of 68.4%, whereas CRP was more specific (75.9%). Conclusion  HSS and CRP are good predictors of diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. I:T ratio had the best sensitivity and negative predictive value.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49518179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Silico ADMET and Molecular Interaction Profiles of Phytochemicals from Medicinal Plants in Dakshina Kannada","authors":"J. James, Puneeth Deepak Ail, Lenisha Crasta, Rakshith Sudheer Kamath, M. H. Shura, S. T.J","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The success or failure of a potential drug depends on its absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) characteristics, and these features are usually rate-limiting in the drug development process. Hence, it is essential to know about the predicted ADMET properties of the most promising leads to avoid the risk of late-stage attrition. This project focuses on in silico screening of ADMET properties of phytochemicals found in Dakshina Kannada's medicinal plants, which include Tinospora cordifolia , Azadirachta indica , Ocimum sanctum, and Plectranthus amboinicus , mainly known for their antimicrobial properties. The physicochemical properties, bioactivity scores, ADMET, and molecular interactions of the selected phytoconstituents were determined by QikProp, Molinspiration, ADMETlab 2.0, ProTox-II, and GLIDE. In addition, molecular docking checked for their binding interactions with target proteins 1JIJ and 4 HOE of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans , respectively, as they were well known for their antimicrobial properties. In this studies, rosmarinic acid was well interacted phytochemical with both target proteins and has highest docking score. The physicochemical properties showed that all compounds fell under the recommended molecular weight, volume, and polar surface area range. Xanosporic acid violated two rules of Lipinski's Rule of Five, indicating that it may have problems with oral bioavailability. The ADME properties for most of the phytocompounds were within the recommended ranges; hence, they are promising candidates for drug development. Most phytoconstituents showed good bioactivity scores, indicating they have good druglikeness properties. On the analysis of the toxicity, most of the phytoconstituents were found to be noncarcinogenic and nonmutagenic. Therefore, this data can further be utilized as primary tools for determining the biological actions of these plants. Xanosporic acid was found to violate two out of three rules of Lipinski. Similarly, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid also showed a few undesirable properties. All other compounds otherwise showed desirable properties and hence are promising candidates for drug development. This data can be further utilized as primary tool for determining the biological actions of the plants.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47760649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Communication Skill Training on Knowledge and Skill of Nursing Students in Conveying Diagnosis to Patients with Cancer: A Pilot Study Approach","authors":"Viji Prasad, P. Naik, Alphonsa Ancheril","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1769581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769581","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction  Procuring communication skills that enable nurses to be effective yet person-centeredness is increasingly a hallmark of quality cancer care. The growing importance of patient outcomes and experiences in health care may mean that communication skill training is finally getting the attention it so clearly deserves. Objectives  The main objectives of the study were to assess the efficacy of communication skill training on knowledge and skills of nursing students in conveying diagnosis to patients with cancer. Materials and Methods  Quasi-experimental pretest–posttest with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 32 third-year BSc nursing students (intervention group, 16; control group, 16) were selected by nonprobability purposive sampling technique from two selected colleges at Mangaluru. Baseline proforma, self-administered knowledge questionnaire, and breaking bad news assessment schedule were used for data collection. Tools were validated by 11 subject experts. Communication skill training was provided for 8 hours (2 hours of theory and 6 hours of skill training on conveying diagnosis). A blinding method was adopted to assess the skill of the students that enable to avoid subjectivity. Results  The mean age of participants in the intervention group was 20.56 and of participants in the control group was 20.94. All participants (100%) of both the intervention and control groups were females. The results showed there was a significant difference found in knowledge scores ( t  = 8.52, p  = 0.000) between the intervention and control groups after the intervention. There was a significant improvement found in conveying diagnosis skills among students between the intervention and control groups in different time periods. There was a slight positive correlation found between pretest knowledge scores and eliciting concerns domain of conveying diagnosis skill ( r  = 0.57, p  = 0.023). Conclusion  The study results revealed that communication skill training session was very effective for improving the knowledge and skills of students, and it enables them in providing quality care to patients with cancer through effective communication.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45724338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restraints Practices on Patients of the Psychiatric Wards in a Selected Hospital, Mangalore","authors":"C. Jayaprakash, S. Sequera, Chanu Battacharya","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1769580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769580","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background  Restraints are one of the common procedures performed in various medical settings, especially intensive care units, and psychiatric wards. There are various forms of restraints, including chemical, physical, and mixed restraints. The primary reasons for using restraints are to prevent injury to the patient and others, and to reduce violent behavior in psychotic patients. Objectives  The aim of this article was to identify the types of restraints used for psychiatric patients and current restraint practices for patients in psychiatric wards of selected mental health facilities. Methods  This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 100 psychiatric patients selected using purposive sampling techniques. An observational checklist was used to assess restraint practice in patients who met study criteria. Results  The majority of patients (44%) received chemical restraints, some (28%) received physical restraints, but a minority (28%) used mixed restraints. In terms of practice, most patients (91%) received reasonably safe restraint care. An association was found between practice of restraints and restraints type with a p -value (0.001) less than 0.05 at a significance level of 0.05. Conclusions  The development of mandatory practice protocols is critical for better nursing care.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49304712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Multimodal Intervention on Cancer-Related Fatigue and Quality of Life among Patients Undergoing Cancer Treatment—Pilot Study (Part 1)","authors":"Shambhavi Shambhavi, D. Lobo","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768592","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background  Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common and devastating problem in cancer patients even after successful treatment. CRF has a severe impact on daily activities, social relationships, reintegration, and overall quality of life (QOL). Objective  This study was done to evaluate the effect of multimodal intervention (MMI) on CRF and QOL among cancer patients undergoing cancer treatment. Materials and Methods  One group before-and-after study (pre-experimental design) was conducted among cancer patients undergoing cancer treatment who met inclusion criteria and were selected using a purposive sampling technique, in selected hospitals. MMI consisted of exercise program, acupressure, and home care management guide. Pre-test CRF and QOL were assessed on first day using a FACIT-F scale (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy: Fatigue) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy: Fatigue (FACT-G) Version 4, respectively. Post- test for CRF was further determined after 7 days, 21 days, and 3months and QOL was determined after 21 days and 3 months. Statistical Analysis  Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants are presented as frequency and percentage. Comparison of pre- test and post-test means of CRF and QOL is done by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Correlation between fatigue and QOL of cancer patients was found by using Pearson correlation test. Results  The mean pre-test fatigue score of the cancer patients (pre-test mean= 25.21) was lower than their mean post-test fatigue scores (post-test 1 =25.83, post-test 2 = 28.28, and post-test 3 = 34.72). There was a significant difference in CRF and QOL scores between before and after the MMI. In the repeated measures ANOVA, p -value is less than 0.05 (level of significance p  < 0.05). Conclusion  Regardless of mechanism of occurrence of fatigue, most patients living with cancer suffer with persistent CRF. Yet it is often not assessed, has limited treatment options, there is a need to assess the state of fatigue in cancer patients. They do need intervention to reduce the fatigue and to improve the QOL. Nonpharmacological therapies are the best strategies to manage the fatigue among cancer patients without any safety issue.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46763304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life and Expressed Emotion in Caregivers of Patients with Psychiatric Disorders","authors":"Sabeena Mtp, Agnes Ej, Lavina Rodrigues","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1769578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769578","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background  Caregivers form an integral part of the psychosocial management of patients with psychiatric conditions. Caregivers of patients with major psychiatric disorders feel burdened, as these disorders are unpredictable and long lasting. The study was aimed to assess the quality of life (QOL) and expressed emotion among caregivers of patient's with psychiatric disorders. Materials and Methods  A cross-sectional descriptive design was adopted for the study. The sample consisted of 300 caregivers of psychiatric patients who visited psychiatric outpatient department and inpatient department of selected hospital. The caregivers were selected by using convenient sampling technique. Baseline proforma, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHO QOL BREF), and Family Attitude Scale were used to collect the data. Results  Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The analysis revealed that there was a weak negative correlation between QOL and expressed emotions. The obtained “ r” value (−0.14) was statistically not significant at 0.05 level of significance. Hence, the research hypothesis was rejected and the null hypothesis was accepted. Conclusion  The study concluded that there was a low negative correlation between QOL and expressed emotions. The obtained “ r ” value (−0.14) is statistically not significant at 0.05 level of significance. But there was association between QOL and income and occupation of the caregiver.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42181390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}