Nowotwory最新文献

{"title":"Oncogeriatric. Other frailty assessment instruments","authors":"J. Kenig","doi":"10.5603/njo.2020.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.2020.0052","url":null,"abstract":"At present there is strong evidence demonstrating that not chronological age, but the presence of frailty before surgery is associated with a significant increase in postoperative morbidity, mortality, along with increased risk of delirium, disability, increased length of hospital stay and resource use. Therefore, preoperative frailty evaluations should become obligatory prior to high-risk surgery of older patients suffering from cancer. Currently, the golden standard is the full Geriatric Asses­sment. However, it requires time and, first of all, experience. Various simple frailty screening tools have been developed,, however, currently there is no single ideal one. Therefore, there is a constant search for the “holy grail” of preoperative geriatric evaluations. The Tilburg Frailty Indicator, the Edmonton Frail Scale, the Cardiovascular Health Study index, the Clinical Frailty Scale, the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures index and Frailty Index are examples of evaluation tools that have some features of screening scores and the full Geriatric Assessment. In the present article they were characterised briefly to familiarize the reader with the advantages and disadvantages of each.","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"2 1","pages":"267-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76897983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Implant Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) in axillary lymph nodes – a case report and review of 29 other cases from world literature","authors":"Przemysław Dymek, Tomasz Błaszkowski, Sandra Sienkiewicz, Kajetan Kiełbowski, H. Mruk, M. Lewandowska, Aleksandra Kipczak, Maciej Szyld, J. Kładny","doi":"10.5603/NJO.A2020.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/NJO.A2020.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Breast Implant Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALC) is a new disease established by the WHO in 2016. BIA-ALCL is one of the most severe adverse effects of breast augmentation or breast reconstruction with the use of silicone implants. Material and methods. In our report we present a case of a 46-year-old patient diagnosed with BIA-ALCL in the General and Oncological Surgery Clinic of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin. This is one of the first described cases of this disease in Poland. Especially interesting is the fact that the lymphoma developed two years after the removal of the implants and the pathology occurred in the axillary lymph nodes. In order to compare the published case of BIA-ALCL we reviewed 29 cases from literature. Results. We described the most clinically relevant factors. The age range of females analysed with diagnosed BIA-ALCL is between 27 to 87 years. The time from implant insertion to the appearance of the first symptoms varies. The use of textured implants seems to be one of the most important risk factors of novel lymphoma. Conclusions. The patients with breast implants should be informed about the risk of BIA-ALCL and related symptoms. The number of articles about BIA-ALCL is minimal, therefore knowledge about the disease remains limited. There is a need to broaden knowledge about the pathological process, clinical manifestations, risk factors and medical tests crucial to achieve an accurate diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"263 1","pages":"244-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76294399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testicular cancer risk incidence in perception of young men","authors":"Anna Sugajska, Michalina Dudkiewicz, M. Szmit, R. Jankowski, Robert Ciesak, Magdalena Wołyniec, Klaudia Feruś, Katarzyna Bąk, J. Kotlińska, Piotr Wojciechowski, Mohammed Mesfer Almalki, Bassam Abdulrahman Bawazir, K. Wroński, K. Osowiecka, M. Rucińska","doi":"10.5603/NJO.A2020.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/NJO.A2020.0045","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Testicular cancer is the most frequently occurring malignant tumour in young men. Self-examination of testicles allows for early detection of the disease. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the level of knowledge concerning testicular cancer among young men. Material and methods. The study was conducted among 296 students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. Results. The majority of students were never previously interested in the issue of testicular cancer. The students were not able to say at what age this type of cancer usually occurs nor did they know the risk factors or symptoms of the disease. Students of Medicine had much more knowledge about testicular cancer than the students from other fields. 91% of the examined men declared that doctors never informed them about the risk of developing testicular cancer and the importance of self-examination of the testicles. 72% of students of faculties other than medical, never searched for any information concerning testicular cancer on their own. Only 29% of students of all faculties perform self-examination of their testicles. Conclusions. Young man do not have sufficient knowledge concerning testicular cancer and rarely self-examine their testicles. Therefore, it is justified to disseminate more broadly knowledge concerning testicular cancer and to encourage young men to undergo self-examination.","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"78 1","pages":"230-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81324587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The copyright fair use in scientific and publication activities","authors":"Justyna Ożegalska-Trybalska","doi":"10.5603/NJO.2020.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/NJO.2020.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The use of research results, scientific statements, illustrations that come from other authors’ publications is a common research practice. It is part of the scientific discourse supporting the reuse and dissemination of knowledge and scientific findings. It should, however, respect the copyrights of other authors’ publications and the rules of permitted use within the framework of the so-called permitted use. Material and methods. The analysis of the principles and limits of the use of material from other people’s publications in publishing and scientific activities includes national and international standards in the field of copyright, protection of personal rights and ethics in science. Results and discussion. In order for individual authors and research centers to legally use previous publications and their elements in their own scientific activities, they should apply the rules on permitted use. These include the so-called right of quotation, the statutory license for scientific and research institutions and the so-called reprinting right. The enrichment of one’s own publications with excerpts from previous scientific studies and their graphical elements is permitted as long as it serves the purpose of research, clarification, scientific and critical analysis and respects the authorship of the source material. The marking of the source and the author is a required practice also with regard to content that is not protected by copyright but is the result of scientific creation. Summary. The use of other people’s fragments of publications and illustrations within the framework of permitted use does not require the consent of the copyright owner and payment of remuneration for the use, but must take place under the terms and within the limits set by copyright law and take into account the standards of reliable recognition of other authors research and scientific findings. Failure to comply or misapplication of this obligation may result in an allegation of infringement of copyright or personal interest in the form of scientific creation and may interfere with recognized standards of integrity in science.","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"10 1","pages":"220-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77697860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast cancer – extracapsular extension in the sentinel lymph node","authors":"P. Kedzierawski","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2020.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2020.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. At present, in the majority of cases it is recognized at an early stage. Its most common site of metastasis is the axilla region, and for women without clinically suspected lymph nodes a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the method of choice in diagnostics and treatment process. It allows, in many cases, axillary lymphadenectomy to be avoided and the risk of complications after a surgical treatment to be dimi­nished. Extracapsular extension (ECE) of nodal metastasis, defined as extension of cancer cells through the nodal capsule, is an important prognostic factor. The aim of this paper is to review the literature on ECE in the sentinel lymph node (SLN).","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"31 1","pages":"203-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77023332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cervical (GTVCRX) and parametrial (GTVLP, GTVRP) volumetric status on efficacy of radiotherapy for uterine cervix cancer in stage IIB and IIIB","authors":"E. Telka, B. Maciejewski, L. Hawrylewicz, B. Jochymek, M. Markowska","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2020.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2020.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The impact of volumetric staging of cervix and parametria on treatment outcome after combined BRT and IMRT of 135 cervix cancer patients in stage IIB and IIIB is analysed. Material and methods. Cervical GTVCRX and parametrial (GTVLP, RP) volumes are subdivided into four subgroups. BRT with 30 Gy in three fractions was combined with IMRT 48 Gy in 24 fractions. For GTVCRX ≤35 cm3 5-year local control (LC) was 100%, which decreased to 87% for GTVCRX ≥130 cm3. Results. Cervix and parametrial local recurrence were not higher than 3%. Major failures were periaortal nodes metastases (PNM) occurring during 5-year follow-up. Dose of ≥60 izoGy2.0 effectively prevented the PNM. Underdosage 130 cm3. Conclusion. Although cervix and parametria volumetric status are highly heterogeneous, they turned out to be better prognostic predictors than traditional TNM grading.","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"12 1","pages":"167-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82840713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The end of menthol cigarettes – missed opportunity or a great step toward decrease of lung cancer burden among women in Poland?","authors":"P. Koczkodaj, M. Cedzyńska, J. Didkowska","doi":"10.5603/njo.2020.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.2020.0033","url":null,"abstract":"How to cite: Koczkodaj P, Cedzyńska M, Didkowska J. The end of menthol cigarettes – missed opportunity or a great step toward decrease of lung cancer burden among women in Poland? NOWOTWORY J Oncol 2020; 70: 161–162. To the Editor, on May 20th 2020, due to enforcement of the Directive 2014/40/EU, in Poland and other European Union (EU) countries, ban on selling menthol cigarettes came into force. This long-waited law raises health hopes – in particular for Polish female smokers. In accordance to the latest data sourced from the National Cancer Registry in Poland [1], in 2017 lung cancer was main cause of cancer deaths, both – in men and women populations and has contributed respectively to 15 499 (ASW = 45,3) and 7 825 (ASW = 17,8) deaths. Despite the beneficial changes in smoking patterns among Polish men in the last period of time (about 9 percentage points (pp) less smokers in 2019 in comparison with 2012 [2]) epidemiological trends of lung cancer suggest that there is no parallel and favorable change in women population as well. 2017 was another year (since 2007) where number of deaths among women caused by lung cancer was higher in comparison with breast cancer which is the most frequent one in terms of incidence. Adopted law on menthol cigarettes ban can be considered as one of the greatest chances since years to change this phenomenon and to reverse this adverse trend. Although the data on menthol cigarettes consumption in Poland is scarce, there are some evidence that women smoke menthols more eager than men (8.4% vs. 2.5%). In the same study authors indicate that menthol smokers feel greater reward and satisfaction during smoking in comparison with regular smokers [3]. Moreover, some of the observations suggest also that menthol cigarettes are perceived by women as more socially acceptable than non-menthol ones [4]. Other studies stress higher addictive potential of the flavored cigarettes as well [5]. At the same time there are also certain evidence of high effectiveness of menthol cigarettes ban in reducing or even quitting smoking in menthol smokers group [4]. Despite the right direction of changes in anti-tobacco law, there is an emerging question on pace and complexity of implemented solutions. Discussed ban does not include e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products. Additionally, period between adoption and enforcement of the law (about 6 years) seems to be much too long. This gap gave tobacco industry the opportunity to prepare for changes and the chance for development of the new tobacco products for women and young people – main menthol cigarettes users. From this perspective, the chance for favorable changes in women’s health behaviors seems to be not fully taken or even lost. However, in the coming years ban on slim cigarettes selling will force into life as well. This particular type of cigarettes has been designed also especially for women, therefore there is a hope that jointly with excise tax increase, these regulations wil","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"41 1","pages":"161-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74880508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection and ownership of research results","authors":"Justyna Ożegalska-Trybalska","doi":"10.5603/njo.2020.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.2020.0034","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. This article aims to present the rules concerning the protection and ownership of the results of scientific research and development works and related know-how, including those jointly generated in multicentre research projects. Material and methods. The analysis focuses on the identification of types of medical research results and the possibility of protecting them under intellectual property law, including copyright, patent and unfair competition law. It also con­siders regulations providing provisions on the ownership and commercialisation of R&D results acquired under research programmes, projects and sponsored research, including clinical trials. Results. The lack of protection of research results as such by intellectual property rights, the different nature of those results, as well as potential conflicts of interests that arise from the exploitation of data which has both scientific and market value, may in practice cause problems in regard to who is entitled to them and what are the rules for their use and publication. Situations of conflict may arise at the interface between the interests of the different actors involved in conducting and financing research (researchers, research centres, sponsors). Conclusion. Effective management of research and development results requires identification of the appropriate regime (statutory, project or contractual) under which they were obtained and are going to be exploited. Although the rules in force for the acquisition of rights can only be modified contractually to a certain extent, it is strongly recommended to supplement them with detailed contractual provisions specifying the rules for the co-ownership of results, the rights and obligations of the entities involved in the research, as well as ensuring confidentiality and restrictions on their disclosure with and/or without the consent of co-authors and sponsors financing research.","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"13 1","pages":"163-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78368686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overall and GTV subvolumes tumour control probability (TCP) for head and neck cancer treated by 3D-IMRT with inhomogeneous dose distribution","authors":"L. Hawrylewicz, B. Maciejewski, K. Trott, A. Tukiendorf, L. Miszczyk, M. Markowska","doi":"10.5603/njo.2020.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.2020.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction.  In this study, an original model has been developed to estimate the real TCP that is a product of the TCPs calculated for GTV subvolumes of head and neck cancer based on 3D-IMRT dose planning. Material and methods.  Retrospective pilot group consist of 16 cases of oropharyngeal cancer in stage T1–2N0 previously treated with 3D-IMRT with at least 3-year follow-up. The total dose (TD) was 60–70 Gy in 2.0 Gy fractions delivered over 42–49 days. Within GTV two subvolumes were marked out: SVA with the planned 100% TD, and underdosed (90–95%) SVB. The TCP for both was calculated using the original formula developed by Withers and Maciejewski. Results.  During 3-year follow-up, 8 local recurrences (LR) occurred. In about 70% of SVB “dose cold spots” encompassed more than 50% GTV volume. This resulted in the TCPSVB decrease to 60%. Thus, the real overall TCP was much lower than a priori predicted, and in these cases local recurrences occurred. Discussion. Both cold spot SVB volumes and their dose deficit strongly correlated with a high risk of LR. Conclusions. In conclusion the magnitude of dose deficit and the size of cold subvolume within GTV have an indepen­dent negative impact on real TCP and demand dose re-planning.","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"435 1","pages":"127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76660080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low platelet to lymphocyte ratio and high platelet distribution width have an inferior outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients","authors":"S. El-Ashwah, M. Denewer, Nermeen A. Niazy, M. Mortada, E. Azmy","doi":"10.5603/njo.2020.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.2020.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction.  Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is an incurable disease of the elderly, characterised by gradual accu­mulation of small mature B lymphocytes which escape apoptosis through inflammatory signals from the microenviron­ment. Elevated inflammatory markers are associated with very poor prognosis in different types of cancer. Therefore, we examined retrospectively the impact of platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and platelet distribution width (PDW) on 180 CLL patients’ outcome. Materials and methods.  This retrospective study included 180 patients with CLL who were diagnosed and selected among cases referred to the Oncology Center Mansoura University between January 1st, 2008 and June 30th, 2016. All the relevant information was collected from the electronic medical records of the selected patients. Results.  Our results revealed that low PLR (<2.5) was more frequently observed in patients with stage C (p < 0.001), with 17p deletion (p = 0.017), and CD38 expression (p = 0.08), but not with seropositive HCV patients (p = 0.2). High PDW (≥18.5 fl) was more frequently associated with intention to treat population (p = 0.038), and CD38 expression (p = 0.068), but not with 17p deletion (p = 0.25) and seropositive HCV patients (p = 0.4). Multivariate analysis for overall survival showed that stage A and low PDW were independent factors for overall survival (p = 0.014 and 0.04 respectively), while high PLR (p = 0.05), and seronegative HCV patients (p = 0.1) lost their significance. Conclusion.  Our data showed that low PLR and high PDW were associated with poor prognostic markers. Stage C-CLL and high PDW were independent predictors of survival.","PeriodicalId":39938,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory","volume":"337 1","pages":"121-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75932772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}