Logos et Praxis最新文献

{"title":"Consolation by Justice: Religious Consciousness of Pandemic Traumatic Events","authors":"A. Makarov, T. Spirin","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews secular and religious consciousness of the traumatic events of the coronavirus pandemic. Authors use the theory of cultural secularization for distinction of these two types of consciousness. In the modern age, the theory of \"multiple worlds\" developed, whose authors proved that people live in different worlds, realities and belong to different types of consciousness. The article analyzes two types of consciousness that create different life worlds of those who have these consciousnesses. The ethical component of understanding the universal traumatic event is analyzed in the aspect of the problem of connection between the concepts \"consolation\" and \"justice\". Consolation practices have been known since antiquity, and justice as an effect of establishing cosmic order is considered in many world cultures. In times of crisis, archaic layers of social consciousness become actualized, since it is required to use all resources of collective memory. The secular consciousness is characterized by the idea of man-made immanent justice: justice is established by the creators of human laws. Religious consciousness is based on the idea of a transcendental source of justice that is Creator of being who is a transcendental subject. Comprehension of a traumatic event for religious consciousness is a process of its normalization by giving it the quality of a just event that is necessary for ordering the world, restoring balance between the actions of people and the actions of nature. The psyche is calmed down by giving a just meaning by correlating it with the universal law of the Cosmos or the Creator's plan. Religious consciousness will always seek consolation in the aspect of the relationship between the immanent and transcendental levels of being, since its world is fundamentally dual, metaphysical.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116399614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformation of Religious Communication Under the Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"D. Chernichkin","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the transformation of forms of religious communication against the background of the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus, that is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Thanks to the advanced opportunities offered by the virtual space, various religious organizations and individual leaders have the opportunity to acquaint all users with their religious doctrines. But if in ordinary times the virtual religious space often functioned as an \"addition\" to the real religious space, then in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, it became almost the main channel for broadcasting religious teachings and ideas. In this regard, the capabilities of the virtual environment made it possible to search and experiment. For some people this can lead to a deeper understanding of their religious traditions and practices, while for others it can open up completely new ways of worshiping God, generating a variety of new ideas and trends. The closure of prayer facilities during the coronavirus pandemic has forced most religious institutions around the world to communicate with their followers online, and most of the self-isolated believers have also turned to virtual space in order not to interrupt their religious practices. By itself, virtual religious activity is not a new phenomenon, but in a crisis situation it has become an adequate substitute for real religious activity, making it possible to maintain the epidemiological situation and curb the outflow of the flock, adjusting their religious rituals to the new conditions. On the example of some religious institutions operating on the territory of Russia, it was revealed that during the period of restrictive measures in the country, some forms of religion have undergone significant changes and accelerated digitalization.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117168774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional Age: On the Issue of Sociological Conceptualization (On the Example of Professional Athletes)","authors":"Anna Yermilova","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a sociological conceptualization of the category \"professional age\" in relation to the field of professional sports. Based on the interpretation of the terms \"age\" and \"professional athlete\", the author's vision of the category \"professional age\" is proposed. The interpretation of the concept of \"professional age\" is carried out through the prism of chronological, biological, social, and psychological ages, as a result of which the specifics of professional age are determined on the example of professional athletes. The specific features of integration of athletes into the professional environment, which is associated with the specific functioning of this sphere of activity that affects the process of formation of their professional age, are shown. In turn, the professional age of athletes is determined, firstly, by the earlier entry of the individual into the professional sports environment and, consequently, by a faster entry into professional age; secondly, a shorter work experience depending on the sport compared to other areas of work and, accordingly, a faster completion of professional age. Factors leading to the formation of perceptions of professional age are established: discrepancy between the chronological and social functioning of the individual; effects of biological ageing on the course of professional age; effect of psychological aging on the duration of professional age. The characteristics of the professional age of athletes that have a changeable nature of existence are revealed: heterochronicity, variability, normativity, multidimensionality, linearity and cyclicality. The professional age of athletes is analyzed as a multivariate social phenomenon, in particular, the significance of biographical, ideological, social-stratificational, ethnological, historical, aesthetic research aspects is revealed. The socio-cultural features of the professional age of the representatives of elite sport are for egrounded, firstly, the construction of the sports self-awareness of the individual / community, which is specific depending on the kind of sport; secondly, the construction of a sports subculture based on a constant stressful situation. On the basis of theoretical developments, the author's conceptualization of the professional age of athletes is proposed.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"319 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123328357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Trial of Socrates Like the Struggle of Sophistry and Dialectics","authors":"G. Pechnikov, Sergey Nazarov, P. Smolyakov","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.17","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the ideological conflict between the views of the sophists, based on the fact that everything is relative, there is no objective truth and objective dialectical patterns (and the measure is all people) and taught rhetorical art of dispute and winning the case (eristic) and Socrates sharply opposed the absolute relativism of the sophists and proving the existence of objective truth. The article shows the principled position of Socrates in the Athenian court. It is noted that the relativistic views of ancient Greek sophists are reflected in the modern adversary Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, in which the art of speaking, the ability to be stronger, more convincing than its procedural adversary is also important. The authors of the article criticize relativism of the modern adversary criminal process, which denies objective truth and believes that the criminal process with an objectively true concept of legal proceedings is a higher, more advanced type (model) of the criminal process than the competitive (win-loss) process in which the triumph of the right and justice of the strong.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122904515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for the Convergence of Religious and Gaming Activities in the Post-Secular Era","authors":"Dmitriy Javorskiy","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the relationship between religion and play as two types of activity. The relevance of this comparison is dictated by the fact that a playful attitude to religion is fraught with conflict situations, since under certain conditions it borders on sacrilege, \"insulting the feelings of believers\". The author of the article proceeds from the fact that in order to clarify the boundaries and areas of intersection of religion and the game, it is advisable to clarify the concept of religion. The \"classical\" concept of religion, as shown by a whole series of religious studies and historical studies, is essentially Christian-centered, therefore, in order to enter a broader subject field, it requires revision. An appeal to anthropology and the history of religion shows that religious practices do not exclude, in principle, a gaming relationship. Moreover, in some historically and anthropologically fixed religions, the game is an integral part of the relationship to the superhuman world of gods and spirits. Even in the Christian tradition, remnants of the game component of religious practices remain, for example, in the form of carnivals. The author comes to the conclusion that the separation of religion from the game occurs only in Modern times, when the very concept of religion becomes clearer, and religion in scientific, political and legal discourse is separated from other activities (science, politics, art, economics, etc.). Therefore, paradoxical as it may seem at first glance, the separation of the game and religion is a side effect of secularization. The postsecular situation allows for the convergence of religion and games in a variety of forms: in the cultural and historical reconstruction of \"neo-paganism\", in the parody practices of \"Pastafarianism\", in the form of cosplay \"Jedi\", etc. The blurring of the boundary between religion and play in modern culture is facilitated by aesthetic practices that cultivate the so-called \"post-irony\" is a special communicative state in which participants are not able to accurately determine the pragmatic status of messages sent and received, and it is this discrepancy in interpretations that generates conflict situations, the theoretical understanding of which is devoted to the article.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134110936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive Intentions of Modern Russian Youth and Assessment of the Possibilities of Their Realization","authors":"V. Archangelsky, E. Vasilieva, Anna Vasilieva","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"The urgency of demographic problems in Russia is being discussed today at the highest level, serious measures have been taken to stabilize the demographic situation by supporting Russian families in a difficult socio-economic situation. Nevertheless, the number of children born per woman remains insufficient not only for growth, but also for maintaining the population. In this situation, it is necessary to study the reproductive behavior and productive attitudes of Russian youth in order to develop effective measures that influence the motivation to marry and give birth to children. This paper examines some aspects of the reproductive behavior of Russian youth under the age of 35, inclusive, based on the data of a quantitative study obtained as part of the first wave of All-Russian monitoring \"Demographic well-being of the population of the regions of Russia\" (end of 2019 – beginning of 2020, 10 regions of Russia), as well as a qualitative study (beginning of 2021, 17 informants from the Volgograd Region and Stavropol Territory). The sample of the qualitative study did not include informants from socially unadapted families, informants from families whose socio-economic situation is close to the median in the region of residence were selected. The questions for the in-depth interview were formulated in accordance with the following plan: the marital and reproductive attitudes of the parents (the family experience of the informant's parents); the marital and reproductive attitudes of the informant (their own family and reproductive experience); the impact of federal and regional measures to support the Russian family on making a decision about the birth of a child; the needs of the family and problems that hinder the implementation of reproductive plans. The obtained data allowed us to formulate conclusions about the factors that hinder the growth of the birth rate in the Russian regions, and possible ways to optimize the situation.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133080433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Phenomenon of Environmental Activism in the Perspective of Sociological Discourse","authors":"L. Loginova, V. Scheblanova","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of environmental activism through the prism of significant sociological concepts. In the logic of social action theories, environmental activism is understood as proactive, goal-oriented social actions and interactions of citizens and organizations carried out in the interests of solving environmental problems. The emphasis is on self-organization, mobilization and coordination of joint actions of communities carried out to achieve relevant environmental goals. The concept of social justice reveals the connection of environmental activism with the fight against environmental discrimination in society for the expansion of rights to a favorable environment; considers it as a \"public environmental resistance\" to actions / inactions of government and/or business that lead to environmental degradation, the movement for environmental justice. From the standpoint of the theory of social conflict eco-activism is considered a product of the socio-ecological split in a society based on inequality, a manifestation of the negative effects of the environmental crisis on civic activity, a consequence of high conflict tension due to deep contradictions between the ecological ideal and reality. Within the framework of risk sociology eco-activism is justified by the society's desire to minimize social risks and destructions determined by environmental factors. The analysis of eco-activism through the prism of sociological concepts creates a general idea of the diversity of scientific approaches to the consideration of rapidly changing forms of public participation in the protection of the ecosystem under the influence of the coming digital age. The conclusion is made about the need for an integrative understanding and the study of social eco-activism as proactive goal-oriented collective actions of pro-environmentally minded agents undertaken in order to optimize the relationship between society and nature through positive and destructive social practices of eco-protective participation in the real environment and the Internet space.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115819529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern German Philosophical and Sociological Sciences About the “Risk Society”","authors":"S. Shachin","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the ideas of a number of Austrian and German social philosophers on the problem of social risk, its correlation with danger taking into account the time component of decisions made under conditions of uncertainty. At the same time, it is important for the author to establish clear criteria for distinguishing between what depends on the actions of the person or community and what does not. On the one hand, we can talk about the risk, both justified and unjustified, and on the other hand, we mention the danger. It is the danger that is the opposite of stability, and the risk implies both, new chances and dangers that occur if actions have side effects that were not foreseen by the initiators of the actions. The differences in risk management on the part of those who make decisions and those whose interests are affected by these decisions are also analyzed. While the former may consider the situation as risky, the latter as dangerous due to the fact, that they do not have the ability to influence social processes. However, if decision-makers spread knowledge about the danger, delegate some of the resources and powers to overcome risks to society, then it will gradually learn flexible risk management, which implies a variety (and not rigidly fixed) ways of behavior. The society will also be able to take into account the mobile nature of the border separating risky behavior from dangerous: in what conditions and for whom the risk is justified, and for whom and when the danger occurs. Competent risk management leads to an increase in the reflexivity of society, which implies the creation of a favorable social environment for the spread of creativity. At the same time, each individual faces the task of constantly finding himself and self-development. It is reflexivity and creativity that allow society to get out of the state of stagnation, which is characterized by the primacy of the security mindset.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116436719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural Residents of the South of Russia About the Present and Future of the Village (Analysis of the 2018 Questionnaire Survey)","authors":"Ludmila Namrueva","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"The modern Russian village has been going through difficult times for more than three decades. This was manifested in the elimination of a huge number of agricultural enterprises, the growth of socio-economic problems, and the irrevocable migration of the rural population. The social and property differentiation of farms and the villagers themselves indicates different economic models of behavior, different adaptive capabilities of the population, and the presence / absence of rural resources. Some rural areas are leaders, profitable; others, on the contrary – are outsiders, weak. The author analyzed the regions of the Republic of Kalmykia, Astrakhan oblast, Volgograd oblast, Stavropol Krai – has traditionally been a barn, providers, suppliers of primary agricultural products – meat, grain, milk, oil, grease, wool, vegetables, and fruits. At present, when all financial flows are concentrated in the capital and several major cities, these southern Russian regions, while continuing to supply all the same products, are in an unequal position with the leaders of the country's economic development. On their territories, of course, there are profitable agricultural enterprises, but most rural settlements do not belong to such, on the contrary, they are depressed and gradually disappear. The article deals with the problems of the rural population of the agrarian regions of the South of Russia. The prolonged crisis and the simultaneous decline in agricultural production led to the degradation of rural areas and a decline in the standard of living of the rural population. The main problems remain the lack of employment, low incomes, and the active outflow of the rural population.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125081243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Philosophical Discourse of the World Risk Society in a Pandemic Situation","authors":"O. Lomako","doi":"10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2021.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The author considers the situation associated with coronavirus pandemic and its possible consequences for social cultural processes. The difficulty in risk analysis is that the risk is between objective and subjective, between rational and irrational, between social and existential. The logic of uniqueness gives way to the logic of ambiguity, which finds its expression in the connection of the risk society with the cosmopolitism. Ulrich Beck's concept of the cosmopolitan turn of modern civilization is updated, which is revealed through the concepts of \"danger\", \"social inequality\" and through the existentials \"fear\", \"uncertainty\", which indicate the social vulnerability of modern society. We are talking about the need to distinguish between risk and danger, about their complex relationship in modern conditions. Global risks include the coronovirus pandemic: risk has become a global hazard from which future risks and crises originate. The reflexivity of the unknown and the methodological cosmopolitanism – point to a global change in the society in the 21st century, whose priority is security. Cosmopolitanism is expressed in social delocalization, which includes three dimensions: spatial, temporal, and social. Risks have symbolic and existential content and include life guidelines, traditions and cultural norms. The coronavirus was a challenge to the intellectual sphere of society. The author focuses on the transformation of risks in the field of science and education. Self-isolation and social distance initiate the active introduction of distance education and media education. Attempts are being made to identify possible risks resulting from the introduction of media technologies in the educational system. The concept of the multiplicity of interpretations of riskogenics allows us to understand the prospects for the transformation of the global risk society in a pandemic situation.","PeriodicalId":398098,"journal":{"name":"Logos et Praxis","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124077950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}