Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-11-15DOI: 10.2337/dsi23-0002
Osagie Ebekozien
{"title":"Roadmap to Achieving Continuous Glucose Monitoring Equity: Insights From the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative.","authors":"Osagie Ebekozien","doi":"10.2337/dsi23-0002","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dsi23-0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article describes successful interventions from the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative (T1DX-QI) to reduce inequities in access to and use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). The author proposes a roadmap with recommendations for different stakeholders to achieve CGM equity using insights from the T1DX-QI experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":"36 4","pages":"320-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10654123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-11-15DOI: 10.2337/dsi23-0007
Richard M Bergenstal
{"title":"Roadmaps to Continuous Glucose Monitoring's Role in Transforming Diabetes Management.","authors":"Richard M Bergenstal","doi":"10.2337/dsi23-0007","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dsi23-0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":"36 4","pages":"284-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10654114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-11-15DOI: 10.2337/dsi23-0005
Richard M Bergenstal
{"title":"Roadmap to the Effective Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Innovation, Investigation, and Implementation.","authors":"Richard M Bergenstal","doi":"10.2337/dsi23-0005","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dsi23-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For 25 years, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been evolving into what it is now: a key tool to both measure individuals' glycemic status and to help guide their day-to-day management of diabetes. Through a series of engineering innovations, clinical investigations, and efforts to optimize workflow implementation, the use of CGM is helping to transform diabetes care. This article presents a roadmap to the effective use of CGM that outlines past, present, and possible future advances in harnessing the potential of CGM to improve the lives of many people with diabetes, with an emphasis on ensuring that CGM technology is available to all who could benefit from its use.</p>","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":"36 4","pages":"327-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10654130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138055583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-09-08DOI: 10.2337/ds23-0012
James Choe, Rachel Kudrna, Luciana Mascarenhas Fonseca, Naomi S Chaytor
{"title":"Usefulness of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.","authors":"James Choe, Rachel Kudrna, Luciana Mascarenhas Fonseca, Naomi S Chaytor","doi":"10.2337/ds23-0012","DOIUrl":"10.2337/ds23-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Older adults with type 1 diabetes are at high risk for cognitive impairment, yet the usefulness of common cognitive screening instruments has not been evaluated in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 201 adults ≥60 years of age with type 1 diabetes completed a battery of neuropsychological measures and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Youden indices were used to evaluate overall screening test performance and to select an optimal MoCA cutoff score for detecting low cognitive performance, as defined as two or more neuropsychological test performances ≥1.5 SD below demographically corrected normative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ROC area under the curve (AUC) was 0.745 (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The publisher-recommended cutoff score of <26 resulted in sensitivity of 60.4% and specificity of 71.4%, whereas a cutoff score of <27 resulted in sensitivity of 75.0% and specificity of 61.0%. The Youden indices for these cutoff scores were 0.318 and 0.360, respectively. Minimally acceptable sensitivity (i.e., >0.80) was obtained when using a cutoff score of <28, whereas >0.80 specificity was obtained with a cutoff score of <25.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The MoCA has modest overall performance (AUC 0.745) as a cognitive screening instrument in older adults with type 1 diabetes. The standard cutoff score of <26/30 may not adequately detect individuals with neuropsychological testing-defined abnormal cognition. The optimal MoCA cutoff score (based on the Youden index) was <27/30. A score of <28 resulted in acceptable sensitivity but was accompanied by low specificity (42%). Future studies with a more diverse population are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"385-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10654125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49063833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-05-11DOI: 10.2337/ds22-0085
Pranav M Patel, Richard M Abaniel, Natasha Dogra, Charles B Lo, Marie A Frazzitta, Naunihal S Virdi
{"title":"Trends in Time in Range-Related Publications and Clinical Trials: A Bibliometric Review.","authors":"Pranav M Patel, Richard M Abaniel, Natasha Dogra, Charles B Lo, Marie A Frazzitta, Naunihal S Virdi","doi":"10.2337/ds22-0085","DOIUrl":"10.2337/ds22-0085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this article was to describe trends in publications (including conference abstracts) and clinical trials that report on glycemic time in range (TIR).</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Reviewed databases included but were not limited to MEDLINE and Embase. Clinical trial registries were also sourced.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>All studies reporting TIR published between 2010 and 2021 were included. Clinical trials reporting TIR that started in or after 2010 were also included. Non-English publications, abstracts, and clinical trials were excluded. Book chapters, nonhuman studies, and studies not reporting TIR were excluded.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Manuscript/abstract category, publication year, study region, interventional versus observational role of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and clinical trial start and completion dates were captured. Glycemic outcomes reported in publications or trials, including TIR as a primary outcome, A1C, time below range (TBR), and time above range (TAR), were also captured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 373 clinical trials, 531 publications, and 620 abstracts were included in the review. The number of trials, publications, and abstracts reporting TIR significantly increased, particularly between 2018 and 2021, during which time the number of clinical trials, publications, and conference abstracts reporting TIR increased by 6-fold, 12-fold, and 4.5-fold, respectively. About 35-44% of studies reported TIR as a primary outcome. Approximately 54% of clinical trials, 47% of publications, and 47% of conference abstracts reported the role of CGM to be observational. TBR was reported more often than TAR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The marked increase in the number of trials, publications, and abstracts reporting TIR highlights the increasing significance and acceptance of TIR as an outcome measure in diabetes management.</p>","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"337-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10654124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46527149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2022-01-01Epub Date: 2022-03-17DOI: 10.2337/ds21-0093
Callahan N Clark, Brian B Hart, Chace K McNeil, Jessyca M Duerr, Grant B Weller
{"title":"Improved Time in Range During 28 Days of Meal Delivery for People With Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Callahan N Clark, Brian B Hart, Chace K McNeil, Jessyca M Duerr, Grant B Weller","doi":"10.2337/ds21-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2337/ds21-0093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Nutrition therapy is a cornerstone of care for people with type 2 diabetes, yet starting new, healthy eating behaviors and sustaining them can be challenging. This decentralized, single-arm study assessed the impact of 28 days of home-delivered, pre-portioned meals (three meals per day) on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived glycemic control and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We enrolled 154 people with type 2 diabetes from across the United States. All participants were enrolled in a digital-first type 2 diabetes care center of excellence and had a time in range (TIR) <70% or a glucose management index (GMI) >7%. A total of 102 participants received another set of meals for a household member. Forty-four participants were excluded from CGM-based analysis because of sparse data in the baseline or intervention period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the baseline through the intervention period, average TIR improved by 6.8% (95% CI 4.0-9.7, <i>P</i> <0.001), average GMI improved by 0.21% (95% CI 0.11-0.32, <i>P</i> <0.001), and participants' odds of achieving ≥70% TIR increased (odds ratio 2.55 [95% CI 0.93-7.80, <i>P</i> = 0.051]). Although average TIR increased rapidly upon initiation of meal delivery, it regressed when the delivery period ended.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Home-delivered meals were associated with modest TIR and GMI improvements, but only in the short term. More research is needed to determine whether the effects of nutrition therapy can be extended by providing ongoing meal delivery or additional support such as behavioral intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"358-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33449089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2022-01-01Epub Date: 2022-03-23DOI: 10.2337/ds21-0056
Amanda Vu, Norman Turk, O Kenrik Duru, Carol M Mangione, Hemali Panchal, Sarah Amaya, Yelba Castellon-Lopez, Keith Norris, Tannaz Moin
{"title":"Association of Type 2 Diabetes Risk Perception With Interest in Diabetes Prevention Strategies Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes.","authors":"Amanda Vu, Norman Turk, O Kenrik Duru, Carol M Mangione, Hemali Panchal, Sarah Amaya, Yelba Castellon-Lopez, Keith Norris, Tannaz Moin","doi":"10.2337/ds21-0056","DOIUrl":"10.2337/ds21-0056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aims of this study were to identify predictors of perception of type 2 diabetes risk in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to determine factors associated with interest in evidence-based strategies for type 2 diabetes prevention.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We surveyed women with a history of GDM who had not progressed to type 2 diabetes from a large academic medical center. We used multivariate logistic regression to assess predictors of high levels of perception of type 2 diabetes risk. We also tested associations between risk perception and interest in a lifestyle change program and/or metformin therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our diverse sample of 264 women, 28% were unaware that GDM is a risk factor for incident type 2 diabetes after pregnancy, and 48% believed their personal risk of type 2 diabetes was low. In multivariate analyses, family history of diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 2.2, 95% CI 1.2-4.4) and knowledge of GDM as a risk factor for incident type 2 diabetes (OR 4.5, 95% CI 2.1-9.8) were significant predictors of greater perception of type 2 diabetes risk. Women with higher risk perception were more likely to express interest in a lifestyle change program compared with women with lower risk perception (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3-4.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although some women are aware that GDM is a risk factor for incident type 2 diabetes, many still perceive their own risk of developing type 2 diabetes as low. Higher risk perception predicted interest in an evidence-based diabetes prevention program, highlighting the importance of personalized risk assessment and communication about risk for women who have had GDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"335-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33449091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2021-11-17DOI: 10.2337/diaspect.22.3.136
R. C. Poonia, Joy Paulose, Pranav Dass, Vijander Singh, Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar, Ing. Mario José Diván
{"title":"Guest Editors","authors":"R. C. Poonia, Joy Paulose, Pranav Dass, Vijander Singh, Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar, Ing. Mario José Diván","doi":"10.2337/diaspect.22.3.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.22.3.136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":"22 1","pages":"136 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2337/diaspect.22.3.136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48537149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes SpectrumPub Date : 2021-11-01Epub Date: 2021-09-15DOI: 10.2337/ds20-0037
Peter Martin Gordon, Jennifer N Clements
{"title":"Brief Literature Review: Glycemic Control With Ketogenic Diet in People With Diabetes.","authors":"Peter Martin Gordon, Jennifer N Clements","doi":"10.2337/ds20-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2337/ds20-0037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39737,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"425-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603120/pdf/diaspectds200037.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39570882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}