{"title":"The dark side of Section 63(3b) of the Labour Act (Chapter 28:01): The perspective of the stakeholders","authors":"Pilot Ndhlovu, Provilence Ndhlovu","doi":"10.1002/crq.21357","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21357","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article sought to investigate the untold story of section 63(3b) of the Labour Act, Chapter 28:01 of Zimbabwe. A qualitative approach was used in this study. The purposive sampling method was used to select 30 participants. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to collect primary data from Zvishavane – Mberengwa area in the Midlands Province. The study established that employers have become knowledgeable of the Labour Act and are thus sidelining the Labour Officer for Designated Agents at the employees' expense. The research established that employees who are less favored by the set-up feel like Labour Officers are letting them down. The study revealed that section 63(3b) of the Labour Act was defeating the whole purpose of the act as it was only benefiting employers. Section 63(3b) of the Labour Act does not promote social justice and democracy as provided for in section 2A of the Labour Act. However, it was recommended that National Employment Councils should not deploy a Designated Agent in the first place if they are not able to deploy them in every district like what the government does on its Labour Officers. It was also recommended that the government and policymakers should consider amending the Labour Act, especially on the issue of jurisdiction; otherwise, the system will continue to suffocate one side.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 2","pages":"187-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47847291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Keys for community dialogue: Preparing ethnically mixed cities in Israel for addressing conflictual overlap of cultural holidays","authors":"Orna Shemer","doi":"10.1002/crq.21356","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article describes the contribution of employing community dialogue for the prevention of conflict escalation in ethnically mixed cities. It focuses on preparations of Mediation and Dialogue Centers in the Community (MDCC) for dealing with potential eruptions of violent conflicts over 2 years, due to the overlap of two Jewish and Muslim religious holidays, with opposite characteristics and very different styles. By engaging in processes of community dialogue, it became possible to construct a preventive infrastructure, based on a holistic strategy that involved community activists, civil society organizations and institutions, political leaders and religious leaders, law enforcement bodies, etc. The community model adopted for this task was composed of diverse activities that included explanation, enforcement, education, and dialogue. These combined activities contributed to finding agreed-upon solutions in the event of conflict escalation. The participatory action research (PAR) that accompanied the process combined learning from successes and exchange of information by professionals from the ethnically mixed cities. The insights from the PAR that accompanied the process extracted the model, for the creation of a sustainable community process that creates community resilience. Consequences for praxis include: the creation of an infrastructure of community dialogue; remaining neutral; the undertaking of multiple collaborations, integration of areas in the community, and individual work with stakeholders.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 1","pages":"45-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/crq.21356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43278944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Public participation in peace negotiations between the Colombian government and the National Liberation Army (ELN): An opportunity to redress power asymmetry and enhance the insurgents' readiness","authors":"Cécile Mouly, Esperanza Hernández Delgado","doi":"10.1002/crq.21355","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21355","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the centrality of the participation of society in the peace process between the Colombian government and the National Liberation Army (ELN) that initiated during the Santos administration, in the light of readiness theory. It does so on the basis of over 60 interviews with key respondents, documents from delegations to the negotiating table, as well as secondary sources. It analyses the importance of this point for the ELN on ideological and pragmatic grounds, and the government's perspective on it. It argues that such a participation was key to rebalance the perceived power asymmetry between the government and ELN, increasing this guerrilla group's optimism about a dignified exit and hence its readiness to engage in talks. In particular, the ELN considered that, by making social groups stakeholders in the peace process, these groups could put pressure on the government to agree on, and implement, provisions towards social transformation. In so doing, this article contributes to debates on how to enhance weaker parties' readiness to negotiate an end to internal armed conflict, as well as on how public participation in peace processes could be useful in this regard.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 1","pages":"7-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46206550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Group conflict handling under moderate evaluative partial mediation using entropic decision framework","authors":"Kushal Anjaria","doi":"10.1002/crq.21354","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21354","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present paper aims to present entropy and fuzzy degrees of the truth-based framework to handle the group conflict under moderate evaluative, partial mediation. For group conflict handling, the present work considers Thomas and Kilmann's five conflict-handling modes: competing, collaborating, avoiding, accommodating, and compromising. A methodology proposed in the current work systemically formalizes decision-making on deploying a conflict-handling method with mediators' opinions. The formalization of decision-making elucidated in the present work involves measurements based on entropy and fuzzy degrees of truth. The current work applies the developed formal quantitative framework to a well-known case of group conflict that involves conflict among a group of engineering students. The case supports the proposed formal framework. Behavioral, psychological, and cognitive facts about engineers come in handy for validation of the proposed framework. The case shows that the proposed approach can be highly generalized, interpretable, and replicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 1","pages":"75-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48603102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of established restorative practices in an urban high-school environment","authors":"Brad R. Watts, Kelly Robertson","doi":"10.1002/crq.21353","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21353","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Programs based on restorative justice theory—also known as restorative practices—have gained popularity as a way of resolving conflicts in public-school settings. To estimate the impact of restorative practices on an entire school population, this study uses a propensity score matching analysis approach to compare disciplinary and attendance outcome measures between students attending a school with established services and an equivalent comparison group drawn from another school building within the same school district. Both school buildings in the study are high schools that are part of the same midsized urban school district, located in the midwestern region of the United States. The study finds that students in the school with established restorative services had lower tardy rates, suspension rates, and absenteeism versus a matched comparison group drawn from the other school building in the district, which did not have established restorative services. Estimates of the difference in rates associated with being in a school with established restorative services versus a comparison group are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 1","pages":"123-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49303676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Positioning in the dialogue on gender and sexual diversity in Brazilian schools","authors":"Pamela Lopes Marques, Laura Vilela e Souza","doi":"10.1002/crq.21352","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21352","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study sought to comprehend the effects of sharing reports of personal experiences that support people's opinions in a reflective structured dialogue (RSD) in the controversial topic of teaching gender and sexuality in schools. Positioning theory was used to analyze a dialogue session with 12 participants with different opinions and social functions related to the theme. Analysis showed how sharing personal experiences can be influenced by the positioning games assumed in the conversation sequence, which may limit the dialogic potential of the group. The implications of these games in considering the use of RSD and recommendations and suggestions for future research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 1","pages":"103-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46278126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conflict management in the indigenous community of Batad in the Philippines: A system dynamic perspective","authors":"Emerald Jay D. Ilac, Alfred Presbitero","doi":"10.1002/crq.21347","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21347","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conflict management has been widely examined, with research focusing on different conflict management styles, strategies, and factors that influence effective conflict resolution. However, despite the significant research attention dedicated to this field, the search for new insights and discoveries continues to discover how best to resolve and manage conflicts. The present study contributes to the literature by applying a system dynamic perspective to gain understanding of conflict management and constructs a theorized leadership model based on the experiences of leaders in an indigenous community in the Philippines. We utilize a phenomenological approach to involve multiple indigenous leaders and obtain their experiences of the conflict management process and system dynamics in their indigenous communities. Our results achieve the following: (a) demonstrating the complex nature of conflict management, validating the utility of the system dynamic perspective; (b) demonstrating that conflict management occurs on and involves multiple levels; and (c) revealing the importance of the humility and unbiasedness of leaders in the conflict management process. These findings provide novel insights into alternative mechanisms for effective management of conflicts in modern workplaces and organizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 1","pages":"25-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43508780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Karim Issifu, Francis Diawuo Darko, Sebastian Angzoorokuu Paalo
{"title":"Climate change, migration and farmer–herder conflict in Ghana","authors":"Abdul Karim Issifu, Francis Diawuo Darko, Sebastian Angzoorokuu Paalo","doi":"10.1002/crq.21346","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21346","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change, migration, and conflict have been featured prominently in academic and policy literature. While Africa remains the major reference point, studies on key conflict hotspots fail to adequately examine empirical demonstrations of how climate change forces migration, and consequently major conflicts. Drawing on semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and employing the scarcity theory in a study of Agogo (Ghana), we illustrate how regional and local climate/environmental variability and scarcity trigger and sustain migration and farmer–herder conflicts. The findings offer insights into how other non-climatic and ecological conditions reinforce the so-called climate-induced conflicts, exposing the limitations of the scarcity-theory. Importantly, this study has provided an illustrative argument centered around the contextual dynamics of the nexus between climate change and farmer–herder conflict in Agogo to contribute to national, regional, and continental discussion on this critical topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"39 4","pages":"421-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/crq.21346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44596899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived and ideal conflict cultures in academe: Creating the conflict cultures survey","authors":"Nathalie Desrayaud","doi":"10.1002/crq.21345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/crq.21345","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Focusing on conflict at the organizational level, this study explores Conflict Culture Theory by (a) conceptualizing perceived and ideal conflict cultures, (b) creating and implementing the Conflict Cultures Survey, and (c) testing Gelfand, Leslie and Keller's (2008) proposed two-dimensional model. Tenured and tenure-track faculty at a large, American university (<i>N</i> = 346) completed the survey. Ideal conflict cultures varied little whereas perceived conflict cultures varied across departments, suggesting that ideal and perceived conflict cultures are distinct constructs. Multi-level modeling and interrater agreement indices for the conflict culture variables provide evidence that conflict cultures exist and vary by department. Results supported the two-dimensional model rather than one- or four-dimensional models, suggesting that conflict cultures vary along two dimensions: agreeableness and activeness. Practical implications for Conflict Culture Theory and the Conflict Culture Survey include predicting job satisfaction and commitment, identifying bullying or workplace harassment norms, and establishing individual-organizational fit.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 1","pages":"159-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137548612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}