Journal of Smooth Muscle Research最新文献_第5页

Inhibitory effects of rubratoxin A, a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2, on the Ca²⁺-dependent contraction of skinned carotid artery from guinea pig. 一种有效的蛋白磷酸酶2抑制剂rubratoxin A对豚鼠皮肤颈动脉Ca2+依赖性收缩的抑制作用。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.55.14

Yasuyuki Naraki, Masaru Watanabe, Kosuke Takeya

引用次数: 0

Implications of immune-inflammatory responses in smooth muscle dysfunction and disease. 免疫炎症反应在平滑肌功能障碍和疾病中的意义。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.55.81

Fumitake Usui-Kawanishi, Masafumi Takahashi, Hiroyasu Sakai, Wataru Suto, Yuki Kai, Yoshihiko Chiba, Keizo Hiraishi, Lin Hai Kurahara, Masatoshi Hori, Ryuji Inoue

{"title":"Implications of immune-inflammatory responses in smooth muscle dysfunction and disease.","authors":"Fumitake Usui-Kawanishi, Masafumi Takahashi, Hiroyasu Sakai, Wataru Suto, Yuki Kai, Yoshihiko Chiba, Keizo Hiraishi, Lin Hai Kurahara, Masatoshi Hori, Ryuji Inoue","doi":"10.1540/jsmr.55.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.55.81","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few decades, solid evidence has been accumulated for the pivotal significance of immunoinflammatory processes in the initiation, progression, and exacerbation of many diseases and disorders. This groundbreaking view came from original works by Ross who first described that excessive inflammatory-fibroproliferative response to various forms of insult to the endothelium and smooth muscle of the artery wall is essential for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (Ross, Nature 1993; 362(6423): 801-9). It is now widely recognized that both innate and adaptive immune reactions are avidly involved in the inflammation-related remodeling of many tissues and organs. When this state persists, irreversible fibrogenic changes would occur often culminating in fatal insufficiencies of many vital parenchymal organs such as liver, lung, heart, kidney and intestines. Thus, inflammatory diseases are becoming the common life-threatening risk for and urgent concern about the public health in developed countries (Wynn et al., Nature Medicine 2012; 18(7): 1028-40). Considering this timeliness, we organized a special symposium entitled \"Implications of immune/inflammatory responses in smooth muscle dysfunction and disease\" in the 58th annual meeting of the Japan Society of Smooth Muscle Research. This symposium report will provide detailed synopses of topics presented in this symposium; (1) the role of inflammasome in atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms by Fumitake Usui-Kawanishi and Masafumi Takahashi; (2) Mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hyper-contractility of bronchial smooth muscle in allergic asthma by Hiroyasu Sakai, Wataru Suto, Yuki Kai and Yoshihiko Chiba; (3) Vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension by Keizo Hiraishi, Lin Hai Kurahara and Ryuji Inoue.","PeriodicalId":39619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Smooth Muscle Research","volume":"55 0","pages":"81-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1540/jsmr.55.81","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37613602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitochondria in smooth muscle cells of viscera. 内脏平滑肌细胞内的线粒体。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.54.51

Giorgio Gabella

{"title":"Mitochondria in smooth muscle cells of viscera.","authors":"Giorgio Gabella","doi":"10.1540/jsmr.54.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.54.51","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial density of mitochondria was studied by thin-section electron microscopy in smooth muscles of bladder, iris and gut in mice, rats, guinea-pigs and sheep. Morphometric data included areas of muscle cell profiles (~6,000 muscle cells were measured) and areas of their mitochondria (more than three times as many). The visual method delivers accurate estimates of the extent of the chondrioma (the ensemble of mitochondria in a cell), measuring all and only the mitochondria in each muscle cell and no other cells. The digital records obtained can be used again for checks and new searches. Spatial density of mitochondria varies between about 2 and 10% in different muscles in different species. In contrast, there is consistency of mitochondrial density within a given muscle in a given species. For each muscle in each species there is a characteristic mitochondrial density with modest variation between experiments. On the basis of data from serial sections in the rat detrusor muscle, mitochondrial density varies very little between the muscle cells, each cell having a value close to that for the whole muscle. Mitochondrial density is different in a given muscle, e.g., ileal circular muscle, from the four mammalian species, with highest values in mouse and lowest in sheep; in mice the mitochondrial density is nearly three time higher that in sheep. In a given species there are characteristic variations between different muscles. For example, the bladder detrusor muscle has markedly fewer mitochondria than the ileum, and the iris has markedly more.","PeriodicalId":39619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Smooth Muscle Research","volume":"54 0","pages":"51-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1540/jsmr.54.51","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36345706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Functional comparison of anoctamin 1 antagonists on human uterine smooth muscle contractility and excitability. 氨基辛胺1拮抗剂对人子宫平滑肌收缩性和兴奋性的作用比较。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.54.28

Shunsuke Hyuga, Jennifer Danielsson, Joy Vink, Xiao Wen Fu, Ronald Wapner, George Gallos

{"title":"Functional comparison of anoctamin 1 antagonists on human uterine smooth muscle contractility and excitability.","authors":"Shunsuke Hyuga, Jennifer Danielsson, Joy Vink, Xiao Wen Fu, Ronald Wapner, George Gallos","doi":"10.1540/jsmr.54.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.54.28","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pre-term birth is a major health care challenge throughout the world, and preterm labor represents a potentially reversible component of this problem. Current tocolytics do not improve preterm labor beyond 48 h. We have previously shown that anoctamin 1 (ANO1) channel blockade results in relaxation of pre-contracted human uterine smooth muscle (USM). Three drug classes with reported medicinal effects in humans also have members with ANO1 antagonism. In this study, we compared the ability of representatives from these 3 classes to reduce human USM contractility and excitability.Objective: This study sought to examine the comparative potency of 3 ANO1 antagonists on pregnant human USM relaxation, contraction frequency reduction, inhibition of intracellular calcium release and membrane hyperpolarization.Methods: Experiments were performed using: 1) Ex vivo organ bath (human pregnant tissue), 2) Oxytocin-induced calcium flux (in vitro human USM cells) and 3) Membrane potential assay (in vitro human USM cells).Results: Benzbromarone (BB) demonstrated the greatest potency among the compounds tested with respect to force, frequency inhibition, reducing calcium elevation and depolarizing membrane potential.Conclusion: While all 3 ANO1 antagonists attenuate pregnant human uterine tissue contractility and excitability, BB is the most potent tocolytic drug. Our findings may serve as a foundation for future structure-function analyses for novel tocolytic drug development.","PeriodicalId":39619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Smooth Muscle Research","volume":"54 0","pages":"28-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1540/jsmr.54.28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36253493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the brain regulate phase II of migrating motor contractions in the Suncus murinus. 脑内gaba能和谷氨酸能神经元调节鼠尾肌迁移运动收缩的第二阶段。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.54.91

Taichi Horita, Kouhei Koyama, Shota Takemi, Toru Tanaka, Takafumi Sakai, Ichiro Sakata

{"title":"GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the brain regulate phase II of migrating motor contractions in the Suncus murinus.","authors":"Taichi Horita, Kouhei Koyama, Shota Takemi, Toru Tanaka, Takafumi Sakai, Ichiro Sakata","doi":"10.1540/jsmr.54.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.54.91","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric contractions exhibit characteristic motor patterns in the fasted state, known as migrating motor contractions (MMC). MMC consist of three periodically repeated phases (phase I, II and III) and are known to be regulated by hormones and the autonomic and enteric nervous systems. However, the central regulation of gastric contractions in the fasted state is not completely understood. Here, we have examined the central effects of motilin, ghrelin, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and L-glutamate signaling on gastric MMC by using suncus (Suncus murinus) as an animal model, because of their similar gastric motor patterns to those observed in humans and dogs. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of motilin and ghrelin had no effect on phase I and II contractions, respectively. Conversely, i.c.v. administration of GABAA receptor antagonist, during phase I of the MMC, evoked phase II-like contractions and significantly increased the motility index (MI). This was compared with the i.c.v. administration of GABA which inhibited spontaneous phase II contractions with a significantly decreased MI. In addition, i.c.v. administration of L-glutamate during phase I also induced phase II-like irregular contractions with a significant increase in the MI. Taken together with previous findings, these results suggest that central GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling, with the coordination of both peripheral motilin and ghrelin, regulate phase II contractions of MMC in the fasted state.","PeriodicalId":39619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Smooth Muscle Research","volume":"54 0","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1540/jsmr.54.91","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36984407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Pharmacological identification of β-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating isoprenaline-induced relaxation of guinea pig colonic longitudinal smooth muscle. 介导异丙肾上腺素诱导豚鼠结肠纵向平滑肌松弛的β-肾上腺素能受体亚型的药理学鉴定。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.54.13

Daisuke Chino, Tomoyo Sone, Kumi Yamazaki, Yuri Tsuruoka, Risa Yamagishi, Shunsuke Shiina, Keisuke Obara, Fumiko Yamaki, Koji Higai, Yoshio Tanaka

{"title":"Pharmacological identification of β-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating isoprenaline-induced relaxation of guinea pig colonic longitudinal smooth muscle.","authors":"Daisuke Chino, Tomoyo Sone, Kumi Yamazaki, Yuri Tsuruoka, Risa Yamagishi, Shunsuke Shiina, Keisuke Obara, Fumiko Yamaki, Koji Higai, Yoshio Tanaka","doi":"10.1540/jsmr.54.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.54.13","url":null,"abstract":"Object We aimed to identify the β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) subtypes involved in isoprenaline-induced relaxation of guinea pig colonic longitudinal smooth muscle using pharmacological and biochemical approaches. Methods Longitudinal smooth muscle was prepared from the male guinea pig ascending colon and contracted with histamine prior to comparing the relaxant responses to three catecholamines (isoprenaline, adrenaline, and noradrenaline). The inhibitory effects of subtype-selective β-AR antagonists on isoprenaline-induced relaxation were then investigated. Results The relaxant potencies of the catecholamines were ranked as: isoprenaline > noradrenaline ≈ adrenaline, whereas the rank order was isoprenaline > noradrenaline > adrenaline in the presence of propranolol (a non-selective β-AR antagonist; 3 × 10-7 M). Atenolol (a selective β1-AR antagonist; 3 × 10-7-10-6 M) acted as a competitive antagonist of isoprenaline-induced relaxation, and the pA2 value was calculated to be 6.49 (95% confidence interval: 6.34-6.83). The relaxation to isoprenaline was not affected by ICI-118,551 (a selective β2-AR antagonist) at 10-9-10-8 M, but was competitively antagonized by 10-7-3 × 10-7 M, with a pA2 value of 7.41 (95% confidence interval: 7.18-8.02). In the presence of propranolol (3 × 10-7 M), the relaxant effect of isoprenaline was competitively antagonized by bupranolol (a non-selective β-AR antagonist), with a pA2 value of 5.90 (95% confidence interval: 5.73-6.35). Conclusion These findings indicated that the β-AR subtypes involved in isoprenaline-induced relaxation of colonic longitudinal guinea pig muscles are β1-AR and β3-AR.","PeriodicalId":39619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Smooth Muscle Research","volume":"54 0","pages":"13-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1540/jsmr.54.13","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35913744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

β-Adrenoceptor subtypes and cAMP role in adrenaline- and noradrenaline-induced relaxation in the rat thoracic aorta. β-肾上腺素能受体亚型和cAMP在肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素诱导的大鼠胸主动脉松弛中的作用。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.54.1

Shunsuke Shiina, Ayaka Kanemura, Chihiro Suzuki, Fumiko Yamaki, Keisuke Obara, Daisuke Chino, Yoshio Tanaka

{"title":"β-Adrenoceptor subtypes and cAMP role in adrenaline- and noradrenaline-induced relaxation in the rat thoracic aorta.","authors":"Shunsuke Shiina, Ayaka Kanemura, Chihiro Suzuki, Fumiko Yamaki, Keisuke Obara, Daisuke Chino, Yoshio Tanaka","doi":"10.1540/jsmr.54.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.54.1","url":null,"abstract":"Object We identified the β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) subtypes responsible for the relaxant responses to adrenaline (AD) and noradrenaline (NA) in the rat thoracic aorta and examined the role of cAMP which is involved in these relaxant responses. Methods The effects of β-AR antagonists or the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor SQ 22,536 on AD- and NA-induced relaxant responses in phenylephrine-induced contraction and increases in cAMP levels were examined in isolated, endothelium-denuded rat thoracic aorta segments. Results AD-induced relaxation was completely suppressed by propranolol (10-7 M) or by ICI-118,551 (10-8 M) plus atenolol (10-6 M), and was also very strongly inhibited by ICI-118,551 (10-8 M) alone. AD (10-5 M) increased tissue cAMP levels by approximately 1.9-fold compared with that in non-stimulated aortic tissue, but did not significantly increase cAMP levels in the presence of ICI-118,551 (10-8 M) or SQ 22,536 (10-4 M). AD-induced relaxation was strongly suppressed by SQ 22,536 (10-4 M). NA-induced relaxation was almost completely suppressed by atenolol (10-6 M) plus ICI-118,551 (10-8 M) although it was hardly affected by ICI-118,551 (10-8 M) alone. NA (10-5 M) increased tissue cAMP levels by approximately 2.2-fold compared with that in non-stimulated aortic tissue, but did not significantly increase cAMP levels in the presence of atenolol (10-6 M) or SQ 22,536 (10-4 M). NA-induced relaxation was strongly suppressed by SQ 22,536 (10-4 M). Conclusion In rat thoracic aorta, AD- and NA-induced relaxations, which are both strongly dependent on increased tissue cAMP levels, are mainly mediated through β2- and β1-adrenoceptors respectively.","PeriodicalId":39619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Smooth Muscle Research","volume":"54 0","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1540/jsmr.54.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35913743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Role of calcium channels and endothelial factors in nickel induced aortic hypercontraction in Wistar rats. 钙通道和内皮因子在镍诱导Wistar大鼠主动脉过度收缩中的作用。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.54.71

Shahnawaz Ahmad Wani, Luqman Ahmad Khan, Seemi Farhat Basir

{"title":"Role of calcium channels and endothelial factors in nickel induced aortic hypercontraction in Wistar rats.","authors":"Shahnawaz Ahmad Wani, Luqman Ahmad Khan, Seemi Farhat Basir","doi":"10.1540/jsmr.54.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.54.71","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate the mechanism of nickel augmented phenylephrine (PE)-induced contraction in isolated segments of Wistar rat aorta.Materials and methods: Effect of varying concentrations of nickel on PE-induced contraction were investigated in isolated segments of Wistar rat aorta using an organ bath system. Aortic rings were pre-incubated with verapamil (1 µM and 20 µM), gadolinium, apocynin, indomethacin or N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) separately before incubation with nickel.Results: Endothelium intact aortic rings incubated with 100 nM, 1 µM or 100 µM of nickel exhibited 80%, 43% and 28% increase in PE-induced contraction, respectively, while no such enhancing responses were observed in endothelium denuded aorta. Incubation of aortic rings with 1 µM and 20 µM verapamil suggested an involvement of influx of calcium through T-type calcium channels in smooth muscle cells, while aortic rings pre-incubated with gadolinium showed no role of store operated calcium channels in the nickel effect on PE-induced contractions. The enhancing effect of nickel on PE-induced contractions was inhibited by apocynin, indomethacin or L-NAME.Conclusion: Nickel has caused augmentation of PE-induced contractions as a result of the endothelial generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) dependent endothelium contracting factors (EDCFs), which increases the influx of extracellular calcium through T-type Ca2+ channels in smooth muscle cells.","PeriodicalId":39619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Smooth Muscle Research","volume":"54 0","pages":"71-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1540/jsmr.54.71","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36482404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

MECHANOMEDICINE: applications of mechanobiology to medical sciences and next-generation medical technologies. 机械医学:机械生物学在医学科学和下一代医疗技术中的应用。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.54.83

Keiji Naruse

引用次数: 9

The effects of stress during the mirror drawing test on electrogastrograms of subjects who underwent gastrointestinal surgery involving either total gastrectomy, distal gastrectomy, or total esophagectomy with colonic replacement. 在镜画试验中，应激对胃肠手术包括全胃切除术、远端胃切除术或全食管切除术合并结肠置换术的受试者的胃电图的影响。

Journal of Smooth Muscle Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.54.43

Shinji Homma

{"title":"The effects of stress during the mirror drawing test on electrogastrograms of subjects who underwent gastrointestinal surgery involving either total gastrectomy, distal gastrectomy, or total esophagectomy with colonic replacement.","authors":"Shinji Homma","doi":"10.1540/jsmr.54.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1540/jsmr.54.43","url":null,"abstract":"Electrogastrograms (EGGs) were recorded from 16 locations on the thoraco-abdominal surface to find the maximum absolute power foci during rest (RAP) and the maximum ratio of the % content during the mirror drawing test (MDT) compared to that during rest (%C-MDT/R) for both the 3 cpm (2.4-4.9) and 6 cpm (5.0-7.4) groups. The maximum foci were obtained from control subjects and those who received gastro-intestinal surgery via total gastrectomy (TG), distal gastrectomy (DG), and total esophagectomy with colonic replacement (CR). The control mean of the infraumbilical channels 10-16 (I) expressed as %C-MDT/R of the 3 cpm group was higher than the mean of the supraumbilical channels 1-9 (S) (I>S, P<0.001). The maximum focus of the 3-cpm %C-MDT/R was in the left umbilical area, while that of the 6-cpm %C-MDT/R was found bilaterally in the right epigastric and left umbilical areas, interposed by the lower %C-MDT/R gastric area. Therefore, the presence of gastric EGG inhibition and colonic facilitation are suggested to occur during MDT. In TG and DG, the foci of the %C-MDT/R in the 3-cpm group were located bilaterally in the right epigastric and left umbilical areas. The shifts of foci suggest colonic EGG facilitation. The mean S of the 3-cpm group was significantly higher than the mean I with CR (S>I, P<0.05). The maximum foci of the 3- and 6-cpm groups were in the epigastrium. These results suggest colonic EGG facilitation in the epigastrium, as the stomach has been removed and the original gastric location is instead occupied by the transverse colon in CR.","PeriodicalId":39619,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Smooth Muscle Research","volume":"54 0","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bd/64/jsmr-54-043.PMC6060278.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36342695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1