{"title":"An Iterative Decision Feedback Algorithm using the Cholesky Update for OFDM with Fast Fading","authors":"P. Wan, M. McGuire","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313288","url":null,"abstract":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is an efficient technique for high data rate transmission in wireless communications. If the channel varies within the time duration of an OFDM symbol, intercarrier interference (ICI) creates, resulting in a degradation of the error performance. Minimum mean square error decision feedback estimation (MMSE-DFE) algorithms can combat ICI. A standard MMSE symbol detection requires a calculation of the inverse of the signal covariance matrix which has a high computational cost. For this reason, alternative MMSE techniques have been developed which use recursive calculations and decision feedback to compute symbol estimates at a low computational cost with minimal increases in error performance. However, these computations are ill-conditioned and their error performance degrades when low precision arithmetic is used. This paper proposes a new iterative MMSE-DFE algorithm with the use of Cholesky updates. This method is more stable than other iterative MMSE-DFE algorithms. Simulation results show that the method improves the performance with no increase in computational complexity.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131314524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Weighted-Selective Scheduling Scheme in an Open Software Radio Environment","authors":"K. Zheng, Gang Li, Lin Huang","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313298","url":null,"abstract":"Software-defined radio (SDR) is the promising technology that allows the different wireless standards easily be converged. Using general purpose processors and open-source operating systems instead of dedicated hardware and software to build up the open wireless communication system platform is very flexible and low-cost solution. In this paper, an adaptive weighted-selective (WS) scheduling scheme in the open platform consisting of common PCs for real-time application is proposed. Then, it has been demonstrated by the simulations as the efficient distributed strategy for parallel computing in the heterogenous environment.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129357865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High Level Fixed Point VLSI Design with Automated Clock Gating","authors":"N. Agarwal, N. Dimopoulos","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313248","url":null,"abstract":"Here we present a high level VLSI design platform, which supports the use of fixed point operations and automated clock gating of registers. This platform has been implemented by extending the CoDeL design suite. CoDeL allows hardware description at the algorithm level, and thus dramatically reduces design time. Also, it automatically inserts clock gating at the behavioral level to reduce dynamic power dissipation in the resulting architecture. This is, to our knowledge, the first hardware design environment that allows an algorithmic description of a component and yet produces a power aware design. We use the DSPstone benchmark to thoroughly evaluate this fixed point design platform for the design of power efficient DSP architectures. We find that, compared to a modern DSP, the CoDeL platform produces designs with somewhat slower run times but dramatically lower power dissipation. Next we use power analysis to compare the effectiveness of CoDeL's automated clock gating as compared to automated clock gating using synopsys tools. A simulation based power analysis shows that CoDeL's clock gating provides 16% more power savings than Synopsys' automated clock gating alone.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132457807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Steganalysis of Pixel-Value Differencing Steganographic Method","authors":"V. Sabeti, S. Samavi, M. Mahdavi, S. Shirani","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313232","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a steganalysis method is presented for a steganographic routine. The steganography is based on pixel value differencing, PVD, and no attacked has been offered for it yet. By modification of an existing method, that uses chi2 measure, the PVD steganography was successfully and accurately attacked.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115377413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pipelined Orientation Estimation in Fingerprint Images","authors":"E. Alibeigi, S. Samavi, Z. Rahmani, S. Shirani","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313228","url":null,"abstract":"Fingerprint verification is an important biometric technique for personal identification. Most of the automatic verification systems are based on matching of fingerprint minutiae. Extraction of minutiae is an essential process which requires estimation of orientation of the lines in an image. Most of the existing methods involve intense mathematical computations and hence are performed through software means. In this paper a hardware scheme is presented which is based on a pipelined architecture in order to perform realtime orientation estimation. Synthesized circuits proved the functionality and accuracy of the suggested method.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"55 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124224012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying Text Objects Based on Expansion","authors":"K. Ohkubo, T. Miura","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313223","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation, we propose a sophisticated approach to identify items in several dictionaries for the purpose of integration. To identity synonymous words efficiently, we discuss IR approach based on vector space modeling to sentences in item explanations, without any knowledge of grammatical analysis or any other NLP analysis. We show the usefulness by some experimental results.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121349755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Cost Minimization Algorithm for a Multiuser OFDM Cognitive Radio System","authors":"Tao Qin, C. Leung","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313287","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive radio (CR) is a promising concept for improving the utilization of scarce radio spectrum resources. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is regarded as a technology which is well-matched for CR systems. Dynamic resource allocation is an important task in such systems. A novel resource allocation algorithm for multiuser OFDM cognitive radio system is presented in this paper. The objective is to minimize a cost function which takes into account the interference power experienced by the primary user as well as the base station transmit power for secondary users given minimum bit rate requirements for each secondary user. It is found that the proposed algorithm provides a performance which is fairly close to optimal. The influence of a relative weight parameter on the BS transmit power for secondary users and the primary user interference power is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116570011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementation of a Flexible Encoder for Structured Low-Density Parity-Check Codes","authors":"S. Kopparthi, D. Gruenbacher","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313268","url":null,"abstract":"The hardware implementation of an encoder for randomly generated low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes requires large area. Using structured LDPC codes decreases the encoding complexity and also provides design flexibility. In this paper, an architecture for implementing an encoder is presented that adheres to the structured LDPC codes defined in the IEEE 802.16e standard. The design methodology is flexible in terms of both the code rate and code length. Results are provided for an implementation on a Stratix FPGA for codes with rates 1/2, 2/3, 3/4 and 5/6, and block lengths ranging from 576-2304. The number of logic elements, clock speed, and throughput of the encoder for the different code lengths are presented. The design achieves encoding rates in excess of 400 Mbps.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116144141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Leveraging Conceptual Models of Trust in Automated Systems to Promote `Appropriate Trust' in Autonomic Systems","authors":"Qin Zhu, D. Dawson, P. Agrawal, H. A. Muller","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313276","url":null,"abstract":"There are subtle differences between automated and autonomic software systems with respect to the observability of information that supports trust between the system and its operators (designers, administrators, and users). Applying conceptual models of trust developed for human relationships with automated systems directly to autonomic systems is simply inadequate. An autonomic system can, however, be modeled as a composition of sub-level automation systems. In this manner, designers can engender 'appropriate trust' in autonomic systems using conceptual models developed for automated systems, but must consider how administrators and users will observe information required for trust, specifically: purpose, process, and performance. It is possible to provide designers, administrators and users with information to engender trust by using an abstraction hierarchy modeling framework (for example: ecological interface design). In this paper, we propose the use of goal models during early requirements engineering to describe the purpose information of a system in an abstraction hierarchy.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121089356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Avoiding PAPR degradation in Convolutional Coded OFDM Signals","authors":"Emma Frontana, Ivan Fair","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.2007.4313237","url":null,"abstract":"Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a promising technique for high bit rate transmission in wireless communications systems. Convolutional coding is often used in conjunction with OFDM to improve the reliability of transmission. However, in this paper, we show that the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) statistics of convolutional coded OFDM (C-COFDM) signals can be significantly degraded when compared with uncoded-OFDM. We have found that this degradation can occur for code rates R < 1/2 and relatively low constraint lengths K=3 through K=6. For these codes, it is especially important to use PAPR reduction techniques to counteract this degradation. We further demonstrate that the use of Guided Scrambling (GS) as a PAPR reduction technique does not help in all of the cases, and therefore that reduction techniques applied after convolutional encoding, such as Selected Mapping (SLM), should be used instead.","PeriodicalId":395921,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127290625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}