Annals of the ICRP最新文献

The 2023 Bo Lindell Laureate Lecture: Assessing and managing radiological risk. 2023年博·林德尔获奖者讲座：评估和管理辐射风险。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251411692

L Vaillant

{"title":"The 2023 Bo Lindell Laureate Lecture: Assessing and managing radiological risk.","authors":"L Vaillant","doi":"10.1177/01466453251411692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466453251411692","url":null,"abstract":"At low dose and low dose rate, the system of radiological protection developed by ICRP is based on the linear non-threshold (LNT) relationship between dose and risk. In ICRP Publication 9, the Commission stated 'As the existence of a threshold dose in unknown, it has been assumed that even the smallest doses involve a proportionately small risk of malignancies […]. The Commission is aware that the assumptions of no threshold and of complete additivity of all doses may be incorrect but is satisfied that they are unlikely to lead to the underestimation of risks'. ICRP Publication 26 laid down the basis of the current system of radiological protection and established a clear rationale between radiological risk assessment and radiological risk management. The effective dose concept was introduced in ICRP Publication 26 along with wT based on the relative contribution of organs to radiological detriment. Dose limits values were directly supported by quantitative risk criteria. This rationale is less apparent in ICRP Publication 60, which introduced a somehow less quantitative approach for radiological risk management, based on detriment, tolerability of risk, reasonableness of the optimisation process and acceptable level of risk. Over the last two decades, several scientific results have raised questions related to radiological risk assessment and consequences for risk management. This article investigates some of these questions and potential consequences to be considered for the future of the system of radiological protection.","PeriodicalId":39551,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the ICRP","volume":" ","pages":"1466453251411692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individualising radiation cancer risk: insights from animal studies. 个体化辐射癌风险：来自动物研究的见解。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251411999

T Imaoka, K Nagata, Y Nakamura, Y Nishimura-Yano, M Takabatake, Y Yamada, M Kai, K Daino, M Nishimura, Y Shimada, S Kakinuma

{"title":"Individualising radiation cancer risk: insights from animal studies.","authors":"T Imaoka, K Nagata, Y Nakamura, Y Nishimura-Yano, M Takabatake, Y Yamada, M Kai, K Daino, M Nishimura, Y Shimada, S Kakinuma","doi":"10.1177/01466453251411999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466453251411999","url":null,"abstract":"Individual factors can affect the risk of radiation-related cancer. This article presents the key findings of an ongoing systematic review in Task Group 111 on the modification of radiation cancer risk in animals, including the author's recent reports on rat breast cancer. The results indicate that early age at exposure is associated with a high risk of cancer in most organs, with some variability. For example, there is a peak of susceptibility during the peripubertal period regarding rat breast cancer. Females are more susceptible regarding the risk of all tumours. Smoking, diet-induced overweight, parity, hormones, chronic inflammation, and exposure to chemicals modify the risk of leukaemia and solid cancers in exposed animals. Radiation interacts with a high corn oil diet and mutagenic chemicals in supra-multiplicative and multiplicative manners, respectively, regarding breast cancer in rats. Genetic evidence indicates significant impacts of strain and genetic defects relevant to human tumour syndromes and DNA repair. There has been a reported quasi-multiplicative interaction with strain regarding rat breast cancer, as well as an increased risk associated with a Brca1 variant. These findings demonstrate diverse interactions between radiation and different modifiers, emphasising key areas for epidemiology and the integration of biology and epidemiology.","PeriodicalId":39551,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the ICRP","volume":" ","pages":"1466453251411999"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A short review of published multi-model inference studies in radiation epidemiology and some new developments. 辐射流行病学多模型推理研究综述及新进展。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251412512

L Hafner, L Walsh

{"title":"A short review of published multi-model inference studies in radiation epidemiology and some new developments.","authors":"L Hafner, L Walsh","doi":"10.1177/01466453251412512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466453251412512","url":null,"abstract":"The choice of the risk to dose-response model that best describes radiation epidemiological data is a main step in radiation-related health risk assessment. Often, different models are published which all fit the data similarly well and are all deemed plausible by various groups of the scientific community. With the diversity of available models that have a comparable goodness of fit to the data, a source uncertainty arises when assessing radiation health risks with only one model: the uncertainty arising from model choice. One technique which may be applied to address this source of uncertainty is multi-model inference (MMI), which allows a composite or averaged model based on several plausible models to be built. For this purpose, different plausible models are fitted to the same dataset, and their goodness of fit is quantified via a statistical measure (e.g. AIC or BIC). The composite model is then built as a weighted mean of all the considered models, where the value of the measure is used to calculate the weight for each model. A review of several articles applying MMI in radiation-related risk assessment for different outcomes is presented here. Additionally, a new approach to overcome an inherent problem of the MMI approach, which clearly penalises excess relative risk models with stratified baseline models due to the high number of parameters compared to risk models with parametric baselines, is illustrated. Finally, the advantages of the different statistical measures to quantify the goodness of fit are elucidated, and results obtained with a newly proposed multi-method-multi-model inference (M4I) approach are presented. This M4I approach offers a possibility to generate a single risk estimate based on MMI risk estimates calculated with different statistical measures. Generally, it is recommended to consider the uncertainty of model choice, by applying MMI and considering M4I, in radiation risk analyses.","PeriodicalId":39551,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the ICRP","volume":" ","pages":"1466453251412512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The work of ICRP Task Group 121 - the effects of preconceptional and intrauterine exposures. ICRP第121工作组的工作-孕前和宫内暴露的影响。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251412160

R Wakeford, M P Hande

{"title":"The work of ICRP Task Group 121 - the effects of preconceptional and intrauterine exposures.","authors":"R Wakeford, M P Hande","doi":"10.1177/01466453251412160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466453251412160","url":null,"abstract":"Hereditary effects in future generations following radiation exposure of parents prior to the conception of their children are an important component of the ICRP system of radiological protection as set out in the 2007 Recommendations of ICRP. Also of special interest is the exposure in utero of the embryo/fetus because not only do the consequent carcinogenic and hereditary effects need to be considered (as with individuals exposed after birth), but additionally teratogenic (developmental) effects, such as congenital malformations, need to be taken into account. ICRP Task Group 121 is examining the evidence of health effects following preconceptional and intrauterine exposure to radiation to determine whether the evidence that has become available since the 2007 Recommendations will require modification of the risk estimates associated with these exposures. Further, the current ICRP system of radiological protection does not encompass transgenerational effects of exposure of non-human biota, and this is a gap that needs to be filled. This article summarises the work of Task Group 121 from a brief review of the position taken on preconceptional and intrauterine exposures in the 2007 Recommendations to what might have been learnt from more recent studies.","PeriodicalId":39551,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the ICRP","volume":" ","pages":"1466453251412160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategic development of basic and advanced radiological nursing education in response to the Fukushima nuclear disaster. 福岛核灾后基础与高级放射护理教育的战略发展。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251412146

K Yoshida, Y Ikuta, Y Noto, T Yamaguchi, R Yatsushiro, A Goto, K Ota, E Konishi, T Kusama

引用次数: 0

Reimagining radiological risk communication in Canada. 重新构想加拿大的辐射风险沟通。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251412509

S El-Jaby, E Janzen, N Simon, A Levine, M Gerrish, J Burtt, J Leblanc

{"title":"Reimagining radiological risk communication in Canada.","authors":"S El-Jaby, E Janzen, N Simon, A Levine, M Gerrish, J Burtt, J Leblanc","doi":"10.1177/01466453251412509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466453251412509","url":null,"abstract":"The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) is Canada's nuclear regulatory body responsible for regulating the development, production, and use of nuclear energy and the production, possession, and use of nuclear substances. The CNSC achieves this through a highly regimented licensing process for activities under its mandate that includes engagement with the public and Indigenous Nations and communities who may be potentially affected by the activity to be licenced. This engagement is needed to disseminate objective scientific and technical information and ensure confidence in the regulatory competence of the CNSC. The risk of receiving unwanted exposures from licenced activities and how that exposure would impact a population's health, quality of life, and way of life are among the concerns routinely communicated to the CNSC during engagement. The CNSC typically addresses such concerns through the conveyance of anticipated doses, how those anticipated doses adhere to regulatory criteria, and how those anticipated doses compare to other more commonplace exposures such as from medical procedures. This article explores the disability adjusted life year (DALY) as a potential metric for improving existing radiological risk communication. The DALY is used in public health to quantify a population's burden of disease in terms of years of healthy life lost. Radiation exposure can be potentially included as one of many risk factors that already impact a population's health. In doing so, a more intuitive understanding of radiation risk and how it will impact a population's quality of life may be achieved.","PeriodicalId":39551,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the ICRP","volume":" ","pages":"1466453251412509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of a safe radiation distance from a 16-slice multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) scan machine. 16层多层计算机断层扫描（MDCT）机安全辐射距离的测定。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251412144

A I Hocson, N D P Concepcion

引用次数: 0

Spatial sharing in survey meter training utilizing mixed and augmented reality. 基于混合和增强现实的测量仪表培训中的空间共享。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251412936

H Arakawa, T Fujibuchi, K Kaneko, Y Okada

引用次数: 0

Plausible biological mechanisms underlying sex differences in radiation-induced lung cancer risk. 辐射诱发肺癌风险性别差异背后的合理生物学机制。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251412503

M M Weil, M D Story, J L Huff

{"title":"Plausible biological mechanisms underlying sex differences in radiation-induced lung cancer risk.","authors":"M M Weil, M D Story, J L Huff","doi":"10.1177/01466453251412503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466453251412503","url":null,"abstract":"Some epidemiological studies suggest that women are at greater risk for radiation-induced lung cancer than men, but this observation is not consistent across all studies. A scientific committee formed by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement evaluated evidence for a sex difference in lung cancer risk from radiation exposures by reviewing animal studies and assessing the biological plausibility that such a difference might exist. The committee identified four mechanisms that could potentially result in greater radiogenic lung cancer risks for women. The first of these is that radiation exposure increases the relative risk for a molecular subtype of spontaneous lung cancer that occurs predominantly in women. The second is that sex chromosome or gene expression differences between men and women place women at greater risk. The third is that hormonal differences between men and women, particularly for oestrogen levels, put women at greater risk. The fourth mechanism is that sex differences in immune system function underlie a sex difference in radiation-associated lung cancer risk. None of these mechanisms has yet been proven to play a role in radiogenic lung cancer risk.","PeriodicalId":39551,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the ICRP","volume":" ","pages":"1466453251412503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The work of ICRP Task Group 120 on radiation emergencies and malicious events. ICRP第120任务组关于辐射紧急情况和恶意事件的工作。

Annals of the ICRP Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/01466453251412494

A Nisbet

引用次数: 0