Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia最新文献

{"title":"Recognition of boulder in granite deposit using integrated borehole and 2D electrical resistivity imaging for effective mine planning and development","authors":"M. Junaid, R. Abdullah, R. Sa’ari, M. N. A. Alel, W. Ali, Arshad Ullah","doi":"10.7186/BGSM67201912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM67201912","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46952159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeochemistry investigation on groundwater in Kuala Langat, Banting, Selangor","authors":"Hazimah Haspi Harun, M. Roslan, Siti Nurhidayu Abu Bakar, Z. H. Ash’aari, F. M. Kusin","doi":"10.7186/BGSM67201916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM67201916","url":null,"abstract":"This paper emphasized the hydro geochemistry of groundwater in Banting, Kuala Langat, Selangor and the hydrogeological properties which contribute to the potential degrading of the quality of the groundwater. The groundwater characteristics in Banting, Kuala Langat, Selangor are influenced by aquifer types and the geomorphology of the area. Groundwater samples were collected at thirteen monitoring wells from February 2017 to January 2018. The thirteen selected monitoring wells for this study is scattered in agricultural areas. The investigation of groundwater measured the physical parameters which are total dissolved solid, electrical conductivity, salinity and chemical oxygen demands. Major ions such as chloride, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium bicarbonate and strontium were also calculated. Iron, manganese and zinc which are heavy metal elements together with phosphate, nitrate and sulfate were considered as inorganic parameters in this analysis. The groundwater samples have influences from the seawater intrusions as significantly high major ions concentration were detected. Non-point pollution from the agricultural practices does not deteriorate the groundwater quality even though the monitoring wells are located in agricultural areas. Groundwater sources in the current study are suitable for domestic use and agricultural irrigation. Keyword: Groundwater, hydro geochemistry, seawater intrusion INTRODUCTION Groundwater is an essential natural resource to the whole living things sustainability. Water scarcity is a highlighted issue that has to be overcome in order to accommodate sufficient clean water sources for drinking and domestic purpose. Hence, sustaining the good quality of groundwater becomes crucial to ensure the groundwater source is safe to human health to avoid any health threat. This current research focused on the groundwater located near coastal areas. The monitoring wells in Banting, Kuala Langat are situated near Morib beach. Potential influence to the quality of groundwater through seawater intrusions therefore exists. This study aims to highlight the potential physicochemical properties which can affect the groundwater sources. Groundwater geological aspects Geological condition of an area has a significant influence on the mineral composition of groundwater as it is affected by the soil characteristics and mineral contents of the soil (Azlan et al., 2012). Pollutants which exist in the soil derived from heavy metals concentrations also has influence on the mineral contents of the groundwater and its quality. Alluvium soils which are soft soils usually exist in agricultural lands. This clayey type of soil with high water holding capacity and low porosity contains high mineral content and organic matter. Soil rich with organic matter and mineral content such as ammonia and sulfate are suitable for agriculture and plantations. However, these substances would also highly exist in the groundwater. The anthropogenic pollutant","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47417552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibration of stiffness parameters for Hardening Soil Model in residual soil from Kenny Hill Formation","authors":"Darvintharen Govindasamy, M. Ismail, M. Zaki, M. Z. Abidin","doi":"10.7186/BGSM67201915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM67201915","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":"18 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41307292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbially induced carbonate precipitations to improve residual soil at various temperatures","authors":"Henry Ting, K. Kassim, M. Umar, M. U. Zango, A. S. Muhammed, K. Ahmad","doi":"10.7186/BGSM67201909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM67201909","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) has emerged recently as a new approach of green and sustainable soil improvement technique. The main aim of this study was to determine the most suitable temperature for MICP to improve tropical residual soil. The physical and engineering properties of residual soil used in the study were determined through several laboratory experiments. A urease active strain of Sporosarcinapasteurii obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) was used to trigger the carbonate precipitation. Experimental parameters such as curing temperature, treatment duration and bacteria to cementation reagents ratios were evaluated. The results show that the optimum temperature for MICP treatment of residual soil is 55°C. It was also found that at this optimum temperature, specimens treated with bacteria and cementation reagents in proportion of 2:1 produces the highest strength improvement ratio of 1.27 relative to untreated sample and calcite content of 1.09% after 7-day curing. The shear strength of the treated soil also increases with the increase in treatment durations as the 7 days curing produces higher strength improvement for all the experimental conditions. The specimens cured under the atmospheric temperature recorded the lowest calcite content and hence the lower shear strength improvement ratio. Moreover, the experimental results obtained from this study also can be used as a guide in the future bio-geotechnology researches and lead to further scope in geotechnical applications.","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43283230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretation and development of top-surface grid in subsurface ground profile using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method for twin tunnel project in Kenny Hill Formation","authors":"M. Zaki, M. Ismail, Darvintharen Govindasamy, M. Z. Abidin","doi":"10.7186/BGSM67201911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM67201911","url":null,"abstract":"Constrained soil investigation works in tunnel construction projects brings inevitable uncertainties in capturing the exact subsurface profile. This uncertainty leads to misinterpretation of tunnel analysis, which can later cause unreliable prediction of settlements trough in tunnel analysis. The initial stage of interpretation of the subsurface soil profile is generating reliable top-surface grid profile. Increasing the number of boreholes can provide more information for modelling the grid profile. The profile is conventionally developed using borehole information and survey plan, which are interpreted manually and sometimes can be erroneous. This situation proves that the lack of method for data interpretation should be supported with another approach such as Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW). IDW is categorized as a type of deterministic method for multivariate interpolation with a known scattered set of points. The assign values for unknown points will be determined by a weighted average of the values available at the known points. IDW interpolation influenced by weight decreases as the distance increases from the interpolated point. This study focused on the development of top-surface grid for Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit (KVMRT) project using data from borehole investigation and survey plan along the tunnel alignment. Reduced level of boreholes and information from survey plans that were completed for this project were analyzed. Based on the study results, the Model 2 assigned with exponent 5 for IDW analysis is more preferable for subsurface ground modelling in tunnel analysis for this particular project.","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46148645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex geothermal gradients and their implications, deepwater Sabah, Malaysia","authors":"S. Mcgiveron, UK Independent Marine Geoscience Consultant, J. Jong, Jx Nippon Oil, Gas Exploration Limited","doi":"10.7186/BGSM66201803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM66201803","url":null,"abstract":"Seabed heat flow measurements together with values estimated from the position of the base of the gas hydrate stability zone mapped from 3D seismic data from a deepwater study area in Block X approximately 100 km offshore Sabah, Malaysia, are discussed. The data show a variable and high geothermal gradient that is consistent with the regional trend of 6-9°C/100m. Rising plumes of warm fluid and locally remobilised mud are abundant and are interpreted to be responsible for the high values, locally creating zones of very high gradients in excess of 20°C/100m above the plumes. In contrast, initial interpretation of data from the Block X exploration wells show geothermal gradients greater than the regional average (5.08 to 5.66°C/100m compared to 4.43°C/100m) but still significantly lower than the shallow values. Reinterpretation of the deep geothermal gradient well data suggests that the regional gradient fits these data if the influence of the warm fluid plumes on the shallow section is taken into account. The resultant gradient is no longer a simple linear function but a complex curve that varies depending upon the offset of a well from the areas of anomalous warming in the shallow section. A lower geothermal gradient at reservoir depth, as suggested by this study, could have important implications for hydrocarbon maturation and generation, as well as for equipment selection for well operations.","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48946859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the suitability of shallow aquifer for irrigational purposes in some parts of Kelantan, Malaysia","authors":"Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan, Aina Mardhiya, Zakiyah Ainul Kamal, Hafzan Eva Mansor, Kishan Raj Pillai Mathialagan","doi":"10.7186/bgsm66201808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm66201808","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43480246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of climate change on the coastal zone of Kuala Selangor, Malaysia","authors":"Umi Amira Jamaluddin, Choun-Sian Lim, J. Pereira","doi":"10.7186/BGSM66201814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM66201814","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a variation in climate patterns due to natural and anthropogenic causes that affect human activity and natural ecosystems. Future projections (2025-2034 and 2041-2050) indicate increases in surface temperature of between 1.6 – 2.3°C and extreme rainfall events (between -55% to +68%) in Kuala Selangor, compared to previous levels (1984-1993). Sea-level rise projected for 2100 is about 0.5 m. Climate change poses a serious threat to humans and natural ecosystems in the coastal zone of Kuala Selangor. The projected increase in surface temperature is expected to reduce the yield from paddy and oil palm plantations. Extreme climate and hydrological conditions are expected to contribute to this decline. Projected sea level rise will increase the susceptibility of low-lying areas to coastal inundation and compromise existing land use. Almost 91% of the exposed components are agricultural and forest areas while the rest comprises transport, residential, infrastructure, business, public institutions and industy (including aquaculture). In addition, the potential for saline intrusion into groundwater aquifers increases as the sea level rises and this has implications for fresh groundwater resource. The implications of climate change in Kuala Selangor can be addressed by undertaking adaptive measures that take into account both surface and sub-surface aspects, which are then integrated into the coastal zone planning policy. Effective adaptation involves the collection of scientific information, risk assessment, determination of adaptation objectives, assessment of adaptation options, selection of appropriate adaptation measures, planning, implementation and monitoring.","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46361515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation and interpretation of stromatolites and thrombolites Paleo-environment in Setul Limestone succession, Langkawi and Perlis","authors":"Mohamad Ezanie Abu Samah, C. Ali, K. Mohamed, Nurul Afifah Mohd Radzir","doi":"10.7186/BGSM66201816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM66201816","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial deposits in Setul Limestone succession are represented by stromatolites, thrombolites and oncolites layers. Each microorganism exhibits physical geometries that change either from straight, wavy, parallel or network-like complex structure. The results of sedimentary logging on the limestone sequences (Lower Setul Member and Upper Setul Member) in Langgun Island and Perlis area have identified a several microbial facies such as network-like complex thrombolitic facies, parallel stromatolitic facies, compound stromatolitic facies, oncolites facies, columnar stromatolitic facies, wavy stromatolitic facies and straight stromatolitic facies. Thrombolites and parallel stromatolites, dominating in Langgun Island area prove that the growth of microbial is controlled by the strong current flow which causes active scour process in the topography of the microbial structure. On the other hand, the formation of oncolites and columnar, wavy and straight stromatolites are dominant in Perlis area. The gradual changes of microbial facies indicate that the growth of structures is controlled by the environmental depth, in which the influx of organosedimentary materials that interact with micro-organisms relies on the availability of accomodation space. In the context of the paleo-environment interpretation, it is shown that the microbial facies are deposited in shallow marine carbonate environments from subtidal to supratidal zone. The gradual changes of microbial facies distribution indicate that the limestone succession is characterised by the shallow upward sequences that is influenced by the depth of the environment, the hydrodynamic, biological and chemical processes.","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46876461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraining the Permian-Triassic boundary in the Gua Panjang Hill, Merapoh, Pahang state, Malaysia","authors":"Nelisa Ameera Mohamed Joeharry, Mohd. Shafeea Leman, C. Ali, K. Mohamed","doi":"10.7186/BGSM66201810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7186/BGSM66201810","url":null,"abstract":"The search for the critical Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB) in Malaysia focuses on limestone hills in the Lipis district since the 1990s. The recent paleontological findings at Gua Panjang hill in Merapoh, Pahang state, has constrained the presence of PTB to be between 6.50 m to 9.00 m from the base of the logged section at the eastern cliff. Late Permian foraminifera such as Colaniella sp., Ichtyofrondina sp., and Palaeotextularia sp. were observed 6.50 m from the base of the logged section, where the microfacies is characterized as bioclastic grainstone deposited within a shallow open shelf environment during Late Permian. Located 2.50 m above the Late Permian horizon is a highly dolomitized horizon with the presence of earliest Triassic conodonts such as Hindeodus parvus and Isarcicella staeschi. Between the height of 6.50 m and 9.00 m, analyses on δ13C and δ18O of the whole rock composition have shown slight decrease in both isotopes to 1.18‰ (VPDB) and 18.23‰ (SMOW), respectively. However, a negative carbon isotope excursion, which is the signature in most PTB sections worldwide, was not observed in the Gua Panjang limestone section potentially due to the large-spaced sampling. Therefore, a high precision research on the 10.00 m logged section at the eastern cliff of the Gua Panjang hill is crucial to identify the precise position of the first PTB in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":39503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41259033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}