Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy最新文献

{"title":"How to deliver aerosolized medications through high flow nasal cannula safely and effectively in the era of COVID-19 and beyond: A narrative review.","authors":"Arzu Ari,&nbsp;Gerald B Moody","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatments of COVID-19 involve some degree of uncertainty. Current evidence also shows mixed findings with regards to bioaerosol dispersion and airborne transmission of COVID-19 during high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy. While coping with this global pandemic created hot debates on the use of HFNC, it is important to bring detached opinions and current evidence to the attention of health care professionals (HCPs) who may need to use HFNC in patients with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework on the selection, placement, and use of nebulizers as well as HFNC prongs, gas flow, and delivery technique via HFNC to help clinicians deliver aerosolized medications through HFNC safely and effectively in the era of COVID-19 and beyond.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, and Science Direct to identify studies on aerosol drug delivery through HFNC using the following keywords: (\"aerosols,\" OR \"nebulizers\") AND (\"high flow nasal cannula\" OR \"high flow oxygen therapy\" OR \"HFNC\") AND (\"COVID-19,\" OR \"SARS-CoV-2\"). Twenty-eight articles including in vitro studies, randomized clinical trials, scintigraphy studies, review articles, prospective and retrospective research were included in this review.</p><p><strong>Discussion and results: </strong>It is not clear if the findings of the previous studies on bacterial contamination could be applied to viral transmission because they do not provide data that could be extrapolated to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In the face of the unknown risk with the transmission of COVID-19 during HFNC therapy, the benefits of HFNC must be weighed against the risk of infection to HCPs and other patients. Due to the limited number of ventilators available in hospitals and the confirmed effectiveness of HFNC in treating hypoxemic respiratory failure, HFNC may prevent early intubation, and prolonged intensive care unit stays in patients with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinicians should review the magnitude of this risk based on current evidence and use the suggested strategies of this paper for safe and effective delivery of aerosolized medications through HFNC in the era of COVID-19 and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"22-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/91/b8/cjrt-2020-041.PMC7932031.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25453293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative to traditional noninvasive ventilation using a modified snorkel mask in a patient with SARS-COV2: A case report.","authors":"Raul Montalvo,&nbsp;Eyner Castro,&nbsp;Alvaro Chavez","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The lack of mechanical ventilators for patients with COVID-19 has necessitated the use of other noninvasive ventilation (NIV) systems. One of these NIV systems is the use of an adapted snorkel mask with inspiration valves and pressure valve (PEEP).</p><p><strong>Case and outcomes: </strong>A 48-year-old man with no previous history of lung disease was admitted to the emergency room with a diagnosis of acute respiratory failure due to SARS-COV2. The patient did not improve saturation with the use of the reservoir mask. Oxygenation was started using an adapted snorkel mask with a PEEP valve with an alveolar recruitment function and double oxygen flow. The patient presented clinical and radiological improvement after 2 days of use and was discharged 16 days later.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The use of a snorkel mask is an important, viable, and simpler NIV modality for the management of patients with COVID-19 with respiratory failure who fail to use a reservoir mask, and it can be an alternative before the use of a mechanical ventilator.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of the adapted snorkel mask with Charlotte valve and PEEP is a feasible alternative for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"18-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/9f/cjrt-2020-039.PMC7872066.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25368904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of temperature stability and resistance in neonatal ventilator circuits.","authors":"Jennifer A Ruppert,&nbsp;Neil L McNinch,&nbsp;Teresa A Volsko","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gas conditioning minimizes complications associated with invasive ventilation of neonates. Poorly conditioned gas contributes to humidity deficit, facilitates condensate pools, and contributes to safety events. The specific aim was to objectively quantify the temperature drop across the unheated portion of a neonatal circuit and the impact condensation has to resistance to flow in the ventilator circuit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ventilator circuits and filters were obtained, assembled according to manufacturer recommendations, and operational verification procedures were performed prior to data collection. A neonatal test lung was connected to each Servo-I ventilator with the following settings: pressure control IMV mode; inspiratory pressure: 14 cm H₂O to achieve an exhaled tidal volume of 6.0 mL; PEEP: 5 cm H₂O; pressure support: 5 cm H₂O, F_IO_2: 0.21; set frequency 40/min; and inspiratory time: 0.4 s. The Fisher and Paykel MR850 and ChonchaTherm Neptune heaters were set at a temperature of 40°C. To evaluate both systems under similar conditions, the ChonchaTherm Neptune heater humidity control was set to midline. Heaters were turned on simultaneously and given 1 h to equilibrate. Readings for room temperature, airway temperature at the patient connection, airway resistance, exhaled tidal volume, and direct observation of circuit condensation and (or) pooling were recorded hourly for a 48-h period. Summary statistics were calculated for the variables of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean (±SD) air temperature was 26.3°C (±1.4) for the Fisher & Paykel MR850 system and 26.2°C (±1.5), for the ChonchaTherm Neptune system. Mean (±SD) airway resistance was 229.3 cm H₂O/L/s (±81.0) for the Fisher & Paykel system and 196.2 cm H₂O/L/s (±39.4) for the ChonchaTherm Neptune system. Mean (±SD) tidal volume for the Fisher & Paykel MR850 system was 6.5 mL (±0.4), and for the ChonchaTherm Neptune system was 7.2 mL (±0.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Circuit condensate increased tidal volume delivery and airway resistance. Temperature at the patient connection was lower than the temperature monitored by the system 12 inches distally, which can negatively impact gas conditioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/43/14/cjrt-2020-042.PMC7845534.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25326368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro investigation of the Flusso™ Bypass adapter efficiency upon ventilator circuit disconnect in a clinical simulated environment.","authors":"Rym Mehri,&nbsp;Abubakar Alatrash,&nbsp;Nick Ogrodnik,&nbsp;Edgar A Matida,&nbsp;Frank Fiorenza","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-033","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale Mechanically ventilated patients must be disconnected from the ventilator during intra-facility transfers. Intentional and accidental circuit disconnections represent a potential hazard to patients (sudden collapse and re-expansion of the alveoli) as well as to clinical staff (exposure to patient’s unfiltered exhalation). Therefore, avoiding abrupt circuit disconnections could better protect the patient’s health and reduce or eliminate contamination risks around clinical staff. Objective The purpose of this in-vitro work was to investigate and evaluate the potential for environmental exposure of Nitric Oxide (NO, as an indicator of any contamination exposure) before and after implementing the novel Flusso™ Bypass adapter during the disconnect procedure of a mechanical ventilator system. Methods A mechanical ventilator delivering NO was connected to a breathing simulator with and without the Flusso™ Bypass adapter. The ambient NO concentration was measured when the circuit was briefly disconnected (3 s) during inhalation and exhalation. Both volume and pressure ventilation modes were used. Measurements and main results Disconnecting the standard ventilator circuit (pressure-controlled mode) without the Flusso™ Bypass adapter produced higher NO escape to the surroundings (compared with the volume-controlled mode), leading to a longer NO dissipation time. No ambient NO traces were detected when the Flusso™ adapter was used. Conclusion The usage of the Flusso™ adapter drastically decreases the unwanted exposure among clinical staff dealing with potentially hazardous airborne biological aerosols emanating from the circuit. Avoiding abrupt disconnection in the ventilator circuit could reduce lung injuries and alveolar over distension and collapse.","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"86-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e1/52/cjrt-2020-033.PMC7724989.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38706100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The <i>CJRT</i> is seeing some positive growth!","authors":"Justin Sorge","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"vi"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/14/cjrt-2020-057.PMC7724988.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38706101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-operative patient optimization to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications-Insights and roles for the respiratory therapist: A narrative review.","authors":"Jonathon Schwartz,&nbsp;Darian Parsey,&nbsp;Tichaendepi Mundangepfupfu,&nbsp;Steven Tsang,&nbsp;Robert Pranaat,&nbsp;James Wilson,&nbsp;Peter Papadakos","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The preoperative period has gained recognition as a crucial time to identify and manage preoperative medical conditions for preventing perioperative complications. Consequently, preoperative clinics have now become an essential component of perioperative care at many large hospitals. As the prevalence of preoperative clinics continues to grow, and the field of perioperative medicine progresses, respiratory therapists (RTs) will inevitably find a growing role to participate in preoperative patient optimization to mitigate pulmonary complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Keyword searches on perioperative pulmonary complications were conducted on the Medline database via PubMed and identified over 2000 candidate articles for review. Articles were included if they were English only and resulted with one or more of the following search terms; pulmonary complications, postoperative complications, postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), prehabilitation, incentive spirometry, smoking cessation, noninvasive ventilation. Preference was given for meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and systematic reviews. Publications within the past two decades were given additional preference toward final inclusion. The authors discussed eligible articles in group meetings over the span of multiple years to assess relevance and quality of data for narrowing eligible articles to the final selection of publications for the review.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The following narrative review examines preoperative optimization strategies to prevent PPCs and highlight areas where RTs may play a key role. After examining challenges in defining PPCs, the review examines key risk models available to predict PPCs and their implications for subsequent discussion on preventive measures that RTs may assist with in a multidisciplinary team.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RTs can reduce the health care burden of PPCs by assisting fellow perioperative clinicians in providing respiratory care for patients with premorbid conditions. While much of our review focused on pre-existing pulmonary pathologies and both the pharmacological and nonpharmacological optimization of these pathologies, there are other factors contributing to PPCs deserving future exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"79-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2c/1d/cjrt-2020-029.PMC7717076.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38361460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of COVID-19 and other viral infections with interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension: A narrative review.","authors":"Elham Atabati,&nbsp;Amir Dehghani-Samani,&nbsp;Sayyed Gholamreza Mortazavimoghaddam","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) include a broad range of diffuse parenchymal lung disorders and are characterized by diffuse parenchymal lung abnormalities leading to irreversible fibrosis. ILDs are correlated with the occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), which generally also results in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Interferons, secreted in larger amounts during viral infections, are an important possible risk factor contributing to this outcome.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>In this narrative review, the role of 10 different viral infections on the generation/development of ILDs and their outcomes are described in detail. The aim of this review is to determine the probable risk that COVID-19 and other viral infections pose in the post-infection development of ILDs, PF, and PH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searches in PubMed (Medline), Google Scholar, Web of Science (ISI, Researcher ID, Publons), ResearchGate, Scopus, and secondary sources yielded 134 studies. After exclusion criteria, 92 studies containing the terms \"Coronavirus\" (COVID-19), \"Interstitial Lung Diseases,\" \"Pulmonary Fibrosis,\" \"Pulmonary Hypertension\" and \"viral infections\" were selected for inclusion. Selected articles were read with a focus on the roles of the 10 commonly studied viral infections on generation/intensification of ILDs and classified according to their dominant effect on the respiratory system, with a focus on each infection's effects on parenchyma of the lungs and generation and/or intensification of ILDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review found that ILDs, PF, and PH can occur after a COVID-19 viral infection. Similar results are also seen in post-infection cases of other viral infections, including Epstein-Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, Human herpesvirus-8, adenovirus, Hepatitis C, Torque-Teno (Transfusion-Transmitted) Virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results of current studies show probable possibility for generation and/or intensification of ILDs in COVID-19 infected patients like other studied viruses. Studies on determination of the actual prevalence of ILD, PF and PH in post-COVID-19 infected patients, follow-up studies on the prevention of ILDs in recovered COVID-19 patients, and meta-analyzed studies on pulmonary outcomes of pandemic corona viruses are strongly recommended as topics for future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/5d/cjrt-2020-021.PMC7690312.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38333812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work of breathing during arm bracing in normal male subjects.","authors":"Tomoyuki Ogino,&nbsp;Kyoshi Mase,&nbsp;Shigefumi Murakami,&nbsp;Kazuhisa Domen","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients get relief from their dyspnea by arm bracing, the mechanics of this effect are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which arm bracing affects dyspnea by measuring the work of breathing (WOB) in the arm bracing posture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six normal male subjects were studied in two standing postures: erect and with their arms braced. For the arm bracing posture, the subjects leaned forward with their arms stretched and rested their hands on a platform. Respiratory frequency was set at 20 tidal breaths/min with the use of a metronome, and tidal volume was set at 1 L by observing the lung volume on a monitor. All the subjects randomly adopted the two postures, and a preset respiratory pattern was measured for 30 s in each posture. Lung volume and flow rate were measured using a hot-wire flowmeter. Esophageal pressure was measured using a 12-cm balloon catheter. The WOB was estimated using modified Campbell diagrams.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lung volume increased and inspiratory resistive WOB decreased, while inspiratory elastic WOB increased significantly with arm bracing compared with that of the erect posture (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Arm bracing posture increases the chest wall expansion thereby increasing the end-expiratory lung volume and decreasing the inspiratory resistive WOB among healthy individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"65-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2a/f6/cjrt-2020-012.PMC7690311.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38333813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cough peak flow to predict the extubation outcome: Comparison between three cough stimulation methods.","authors":"Christiane Melo Almeida,&nbsp;Agnaldo José Lopes,&nbsp;Fernando Silva Guimarães","doi":"10.29390/cjrt-2020-037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29390/cjrt-2020-037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive value of three cough peak flow (CPF) maneuvers in predicting the extubation outcome in a cohort of mechanically ventilated subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-one mechanically ventilated subjects who succeeded in the spontaneous breathing trial were included. In a randomized order, CPF was stimulated and measured using three methods: voluntary command (V_CPF), tracheal saline instillation (S_CPF), and mechanical stimulation with a catheter (C_CPF). Additionally, CPF was measured 20 min after the extubation (PE_CPF). The diagnostic accuracy of the CPF methods in relation to the extubation outcome was measured using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. ROC curve results were compared using the Hanley and McNeil method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three methods presented high accuracy in predicting the extubation outcome (V_CPF = 0.89, S_CPF = 0.93, and C_CPF = 0.90), without statistically significant differences between them (V_CPF vs. S_CPF, <i>p</i> = 0.14; V_CPF vs. C_CPF, <i>p</i> = 0.84; S_CPF vs. C_CPF, <i>p</i> = 0.13). The optimum cutoff values were V_CPF = 45 L/min, S_CPF = 60 L/min, and C_CPF = 55 L/min. PE_CPF also showed high accuracy in predicting the extubation outcome (AUC = 0.95; cutoff = 75 L/min).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In mechanically ventilated and cooperative subjects, there is no difference in the accuracy of CPF measured voluntarily, with stimulation using saline or by catheter stimulation in predicting the reintubation. CPF recording after endotracheal tube removal has high accuracy to predict the extubation outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cb/2c/cjrt-2020-037.PMC7678950.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38640447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publication of study protocols in the CJRT.","authors":"Justin Sorge","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39373,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"v"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a7/f8/cjrt-2020-048.PMC7654439.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38621923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}