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{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Pattern of Imaging Change of Pediatric COVID-19","authors":"Z. Sarmin, I. A. Shamsad, Mohidul Islam, Jesmin Akter, Sharker Md Numan","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64930","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: COVID-19 infection in children is relatively milder and vary from that in adults. Higher fatality rate of children in Bangladesh from COVID-19 infection does not matched with other country may be due to malnutrition, air pollution, poverty, poor parental education about health hygine, inadequate access to high-quality acute healthcare. Chest X-ray is initial imaging technique which is done in children with mild respiratory infections with or without dyspnea. Few studies have reported the radiological findings of COVID-19 in children.\u0000Objective: In this study, our main goal was to investigate the clinical and imaging features of pediatric COVID-19 patients in child corona unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh.\u0000Materials and Methods: This single center observational study was conducted in Child Corona Unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital between January 2022 to September 2022. A total of 123 COVID-19 positive pediatric patients detected by RT-PCR were purposively included in the study. Patients with comorbidities were excluded from the study.\u0000Results: Among 123 children with COVID-19, 43 had no symptoms, 71 had low grade fever and 9 presented with cough, nasal congestion, diarrhea, headache, or fatigue. Normal X-ray findings present in 50(40.6%), unilateral patchy shadowing in 28 (22.8%), bilateral patchy shadowing in 22(17.9%), ground glass opacity in 11(8.9%), consolidation in 7(5.8%) and Interstitial abnormalities in 5(4.0%).\u0000Conclusion: This study throw light on the cases of COVID-19 in the pediatric population. Children usually have mild or moderate clinical and imaging presentations. Understanding of the clinical and imaging findings helps in reducing misdiagnosis rate for those with concealed and atypical symptoms.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 7-11","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"159 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77092634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management Pattern of Chronic venous Disease in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Shamim Reza, Md Anwar Hossain, Mst Tanzila Yasmin","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64936","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic venous disease (CVD) is mostly underdiagnosed diseasewhich may progress to chronic venous insufficiency and venous ulcer thus extensive treatment. CVD may affect negatively into patient’sgood well-beingwhich can create burdens on their life and also healthcare resources. Bangladesh has very minimum awareness on CVD.\u0000Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was carried out in department of vascular surgery of National Institute of Cardiovascular disease. we randomly choose 60 patients with chonic venous disease (CVD) and evaluate their characteristics and prevalence of several types along with the management pattern. Data collection started from May 2021 for next 6 months.\u0000Results: The patients of this survey were aged between 24 to 70 years and the Mean±SD age was 43.6±12.2. 78.3% of total study population were male, 33.3% were businessman and 10% were housewife. 66.6% patients were having low socio-economic condition. C2 varicose veins were highly prevalent among the study population ( 35%) & lowest prevalence of C4b lipodermatosclerosis or atrophie blanche (11.7%). Male were predominantly more prevalent to having CVD, 78.33% (n47), (p <0.001). Among all the patient 68.3% patient were exposed to smoking. All the patient were managed predominantly by compression therapy mainly are of moderate pressure (66.7%,) 80% of total patients got treated by oral MPFF therapy.\u0000Conclusion: : Patients having CVD, invariably presented with the complains of heaviness of leg and unexplained leg swelling and Varicose vein were highly prevalent irrespective of sex. Compression therapy has been remained the mainstay of treatment in tertiary level hospital NICVD along with oral MPFF therapy.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 31-33","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90878433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and Psychological Health Problems Associated with Migration","authors":"Tanzila Rawnuck, Md. Selim Reza, Rumana Hasan Sharmi","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64941","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Migration is a process of social change where an individual, alone or accompanied by others, because they may have different purposes especially for study, leaves one geographical area for a prolonged stay. Prolonged detention is seen to have impacted adversely on physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and psychological problems associated with the migration of foreign students compared to local ones.\u0000Materials and Methods: TA case-control study was conducted from March 2017 to August 2022 on the students of five different countries. A total of 280 students were enrolled in this study from Dhaka Dental College in Dhaka city. They were divided into case and control groups. To determine the physical and mental health of them, different parameters were used.\u0000Results: Total female-migrants were 3.24 times higher than male-migrants. Kashmir-migrants (47.14%) were higher whereas Bhutan-migrants (0.71%) were lowest in number. Psychological factors like depression, Insomnia, loneliness, and stress were more common in all migrants, particularly in the female. Physical health issues like diarrhea, food poisoning were common in males, however, urinary tract infection and skin problems were of insignificant magnitude in female-migrants.\u0000Conclusion: Migrant students’ physical and mental health is heavily affected by the adopted country’s environment, culture, tradition, language, food habits, and so on. The intensity of the psychological problem has been found to be higher among some migrant groups. Similarly, physical problems such as allergic reactions, respiratory diseases were the most common problems experienced by them.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 49-51","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82839546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome and Evaluation of the Patient Thyroidectomy with Hyperthyroidism: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Md. Harun Ur Rashid, M. Haque, Md. Shafiul Islam, Hasan Md Abdur Rahim, S. Tasrif, Md Monwar Mahmud Bhuiya","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64939","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: According to reports, pediatric patients with hypothyroidism have a higher risk of complications following surgery than adults. Specifically, this Study's aimed to evaluate how complete thyroidectomy is in youth (18 years) and adults.\u0000Materials and Methods: A retrospective case-control study of all (n=100) complete thyroidectomies was performed on 32 pediatric and 68 adult patients who were consecutive from were compared at the Department of ENT, Head & Neck Surgery, Islami Bank Medical College and multicentral base hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, from July 2018 to June 2021.\u0000Results: The average patient age in children was 9.7 years (range 3.4-17.9 years) against 44.9 years (range 18.4-84.2 years) in adults. Compared to adults, surgical procedures on children took an average of (2.18 ± 0.08 hrs.) longer to complete in adults (1.66 ± 0.03 hrs) (p = 0.003). The average weight of a thyroid specimen was 48.0 ± 6.4 grams in adults and 38.6.0 ± 8.9 grams in children (range, 6.6-203 grams; p = 0.34). Children had a higher ratio of thyroid weight to body weight (0.94 ± 0.11 gm/kg) than adults (0.67 ± 0.8 gm/kg; p = 0.05). After surgery, the hyperthyroid condition improved in every patient. There were no operational deaths, recurrences, or long-term hypoparathyroidism.\u0000Conclusion: It is clear that the technical difficulties associated with treating Graves' disease surgically in children and adults result in longer operational periods. There was no difference in the chances of long-term consequences, including recurrent laryngeal nerve damage or neck hematoma.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 40-43","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79638148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraligamentary Pregnancy- A Rare Obstetric Event","authors":"Asmaul Khair, Mahmuda Rahman, Rumana Afroz","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64948","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Intraligamentary pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy, where the gestation grows within the leaves of the broad ligament. Clinical presentation, diagnosis and outcome are highly variable.\u0000Case report: Here, we report a case of a 30 years old lady (P2G7), presented at her 13+ weeks of pregnancy with acute abdomen and severe anaemia. USG revealed extrauterine alive pregnancy with huge peritoneal collection. Emergency laparotomy was performed and final diagnosis was made as ruptured intraligamentary pregnancy. Right sided salpingooophorectomy was done. Our main challenge was to control bleeding and to maintain haemostasis at the placental implantation site.\u0000Conclusion: Although, definite preoperative diagnosis based on clinical sign symptoms and sonographic evaluation is elusive, proper resuscitation and surgical expertise can save a mother’s life. Role of MRI and Laparoscopy in selected cases should be in consideration.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 70-72   ","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85733653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Rifaximin in Diarrhoea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"Mohammad Sabidur Rahman, Md. Rezaul Karim, Md Anamul Haque","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64940","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with altered bowel habit of either diarrhoea, constipation or both. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and incompletely understood.The role of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of IBS is supported by various evidences.These are differences in mucosal and faecal microbiota between patients with IBS and healthy individuals,development of post-infectious IBS and the efficacy of some probiotics and nonsystemic antibiotics such as Rifaximin. Previous study showed resetting microbial diversity via Rifaximin use may lead to a decrease in bacterial fermentation and a reduction in the clinical symptoms of IBS. This study is designed to assess efficacy of Rifaximin in diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome.\u0000Objective: This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Rifaximin in diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome patient.\u0000Materials and Methods: This quasi experimental study was conducted on patients aged 18-55 years with IBS-D in department of Gastroenterology, BSMMU during the period of September, 2020 to August, 2021.\u0000Results: There was significant improvement on abdominal pain(p <0.001), abdominal bloating(p =0.001) and satisfaction with bowel movement( p<0.001) in Rifaximin group at 4th week from baseline and most of which sustained upto 12th week of study. The total IBS-SSS at baseline (328.7 ±13.7) decreased to (231.5±14.2) at 12th week of study in Rifaximin group which was significant (p <o.oo1). In placebo group IBS-SSS also gradually decreased from baseline (323.4±17.29) to 12th week (269.3±16.2) but statistically not significant. IBS-QOL score at baseline in Rifaximin group was 64±5.2 and in placebo group was 63.4±5.1. Total IBS-QOL score was increased with time in both Rifaximin and placebo group but none was significant.\u0000Conclusion: Rifaximin was more effective than placebo in controlling abdominal pain, abdominal bloating and dissatisfaction with bowel movement after 12th week of study. IBS QOL score was also increased in both groups.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 44-48","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76301638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Frequency and Outcome of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Exclusively Breastfed Infants","authors":"B. Ahmmad, Sanchita Sarker, Mosharrof Hossain, M. Islam, R. Parvin, Md Asgar Hossain","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64933","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Exclusive breast feeding is the fundamental component of child nutrition and survival. Exclusive breast feeding provides nutritional and immunological support for infant normal growth and development. Bangladesh is traditionally a breastfed community. The risks of acute respiratory infection (ARI) is higher in partially breastfed and formula-fed infants during the first 4 months of life.\u0000Objective: To see frequency and outcome of ARI in exclusively breastfed (EBF) infants.\u0000Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was done at Department of Pediatrics, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, from January 2013 to June 2013, a period of six months to find out the frequency and outcome of acute respiratory tract (ARI) infection in exclusively breastfed infants. 100 cases of infants suffering from ARI were selected who were exclusively breastfed. Data were analyzed through SPSS software.\u0000Results: Most of the EBF babies (M48+F28=) 76% came to hospital with a history of one or two attacks of ARI. Among 100 EBF babies, 96 babies were cured without complications and 02 babies develop complications and cured. There was 02 unfortunate death. Only 42% of EBF babies presented with moderate or less severe attack, 58% had mild attack. Hospital stays in EBF babies are shorter, only 64% of EBF patients had to stay more than 03 days.\u0000Conclusion: Frequency and severity of ARI attack is less and mild and hospital staying is short found in EBF babies, as well as better outcome with treatment.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 16-19","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76539631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Waste Management Practices in Sylhet City among Healthcare Providers","authors":"Md Monjurul Habib Choudhury, N. Jahan, Tafhim Ahmed Rifat, Progya Laboni Tina, Md Samir Uddin","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64932","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the present world, large amount of wastes are clinical wastes, generated during diagnosis, treatment and research purpose. Most of the clinical wastes are hazardous like infectious, toxic of radioactive compounds. It is challenging to ensure proper waste management for developing countries like Bangladesh.\u0000Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among doctors, nurse, nursing assistants, OT technicians, janitors, helper, sanitary worker and security guards at different private hospitals, clinics and diagnostic centers in Sylhet city. 300 healthcare staffs were purposively interviewed to evaluate the extend practices of biological or hospital waste management from January 2021 to December 2021. The study was conducted after taking informed written consent.\u0000Results: The outcomes of the present study indicated that maximum of the study participants were knowledgeable. But majority (71%) still do not use PPE (Personal protective equipment), 53% were not immunized against hepatitis B. They also had less practice to keep the hospital wastes in correct color coded container and less practice of washing the waste container properly.\u0000Conclusion: Most participants valued the significance of waste management practice to prevent health hazards but average practice was observed among them. For proper waste handling and disposal, frequent awareness program should be conducted among the health personnel.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 12-15","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83859490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yolk Sac Tumor of Testis Diagnosed 10 years after Orchidopexy in 24-year-old Adult: A Case Report","authors":"Ramesh Lamichhane, S. Chaudhary","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64946","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Yolk sac are a rare type of germ cell tumors that occurs most commonly in prepubertal age but are rare in adults.\u0000Case report: We present a case of a yolk sac tumor in a 25-year-old man with a history of bilateral cryptorchidism diagnosed at the age of 10 for which bilateral orchidopexy was done at the age of 19.\u0000Discussion: Delayed diagnosis of cryptorchidism are common in developing countries. Most adults with cryptorchidism prefer orchidopexy instead of orchiectomy. Due to a lack of adherence to follow-up, late presentation with complications is common.\u0000Conclusion: Yolk sac tumor can rarely occur in cryptorchid testis after post-pubertal orchidopexy. As lack of adherence to follow-up is common in developing countries, orchidopexy should be avoided.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 67-69","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82290157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraventricular Hemorrhage Extension is a Strong Predictor of Mortality in Hemorrhagic Stroke","authors":"S. A. Al Mamun, Md Sayedur Rahman Sheikh, Md Zahidur Rahman, Md Abdul Wadud, Musfiqa Iffat","doi":"10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64937","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) accounts for 10–15% of all strokes and is characterized by a 30–50% 3-month mortality rate. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) extension can be seen in up to 54% of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and is an independent predictor of worse outcome and neurological deterioration. Objective: To predict outcome and prognosis in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patient in relation with intraventricular hemorrhage extension.\u0000Materials and Methods: Hospital based prospective study carried out in two hundred hemorrhagic stroke patients. The severity of intraventricular hemorrhage extension was calculated using the Graeb scale and volume of hemorrhage was measured by ABC/2 formula using CT scan.\u0000Results: Mean age of patients of hemorrhagic stroke was 61.64 ± 12.76 years. 66% of patients were male. Mortality rate of hemorrhagic stroke after the age of 60 years was 47.92% in 1st month. 79.80% of patients were died with GCS score less than 8. In our study 96.08% of patient died with >50 ml Hemorrhage group, on the other hand mortality rate was 48% in 30-50ml hemorrhage group and 11.12% in <30ml hemorrhage group. Mortality rate was 61.17% in hemorrhagic stroke with ventricular extension group on the other hand mortality was 21.65% in hemorrhagic stroke without ventricular extension. Those patients with GRAEB score >5 their mortality rate was 75.00% on the other hand mortality was 49.10% in GRAEB score 1-4.\u0000Conclusion: Intraventricular hemorrhage extension increased mortality in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Increased IVH extension severity, defined by a GRAEB score _5, is an independent predictor of poor outcome of Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage alone with age, GCS and hemorrhage volume.\u0000Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 34-39","PeriodicalId":39348,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Today","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83906807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}