Psiquiatria Biologica最新文献

{"title":"Trayectorias diagnósticas de los trastornos mentales en 10 años de seguimiento de una cohorte de niños y adolescentes","authors":"Sofía Abascal Peiró,&nbsp;Leire Izaguirre Gamir,&nbsp;Alberto Álvarez Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Alejandro Porras Segovia,&nbsp;Enrique Baca García,&nbsp;Juan José Carballo","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence may persist, change, remit or increase in adulthood. This study explores the diagnostic stability and trajectories of 311 children and adolescents aged 3-17 years into adulthood. Diagnostic stability is found to vary according to pathology. Diagnostic changes are more frequent in conduct disorder and affective disorders, while the highest diagnostic stability was found in learning difficulties, attention deficit learning disabilities, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorders. Complete remission is more frequent in anxiety disorders. Psychiatric diagnoses have social, emotional and practical implications. Mental health resources need to be adapted to the needs of each age group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 100445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140031421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trayectoria del trastorno formal del pensamiento, desde la observación clínica al análisis computacional","authors":"Alvaro Cavieres ,&nbsp;Maria Francisca Alonso-Sanchez","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Properly understanding a psychopathological term requires knowledge of the disorder described, the contexts and concepts from which it was coined, and its modification over time. In the case of formal thought disorder, we describe its evolution from its incorporation into psychopathology for purely descriptive purposes and associated with the influence of associationism and the idea of a direct dependence between thought and language to the present day, in which the use of computational tools and hypotheses from linguistics have promoted its use as a diagnostic tool and prognostic marker, while simultaneously leading to the incorporation of new terminology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 100438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¿Dios mío, por qué me has abandonado? Estrés, ansiedad, depresión y afrontamiento religioso en los estudiantes de Medicina","authors":"Hesed Virto-Farfan ,&nbsp;Dapne Vargas ,&nbsp;Pablo Grajeda","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Medical students present with elevated levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Religious coping is an avenue for understanding and coping with negative life events that are related to the sacred. There are several studies of association between religious coping and levels of stress, anxiety and depression. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of religious coping on stress, anxiety and depression in medical students of the Universidad Andina del Cusco.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Analytical cross-sectional study in 317 medical students of the Universidad Andina del Cusco. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to measure stressful states and the Abbreviated Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE) to determine levels of positive and negative religious coping. For the expression of the results, prevalence and frequencies, Spearman's correlation and chi-square, p-value and 95% CI were calculated. All medical students who gave their informed consent and who regularly attended the 2020-I academic year were included.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the participants, 51.5% were female. Mean age was 21.31 years. The 66.2% obtained scores of depression-moderate, severe or extremely-severe, 70.9% obtained scores of anxiety-moderate, severe or extremely-severe and 42.3% presented stress-moderate, severe or extremely-severe. Negative religious coping had a highly significant positive relationship with stress, anxiety and depression.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Negative religious coping was significantly (&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) and positively associated with stress (0.252), anxiety (0.304) and depression (0.357), with high power (&gt;<!--> <!-->0.5). The study has clinical and public health implications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"30 3","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involuntary treatment in eating disorders: The coercion paradox","authors":"Pedro Miguel Mesquita Felgueiras ,&nbsp;Beatriz Fonseca Silva ,&nbsp;Odete Nombora ,&nbsp;João Correia ,&nbsp;Raquel Ribeiro Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"30 3","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49850137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guía internacional para una dosificación más segura de la clozapina en adultos mediante el uso de 6 titulaciones personalizadas de dosis basados en la etnicidad, la proteína C reactiva y los niveles de clozapina","authors":"Jose de Leon ,&nbsp;Georgios Schoretsanitis ,&nbsp;Robert L. Smith ,&nbsp;Espen Molden ,&nbsp;Anssi Solismaa ,&nbsp;Niko Seppälä ,&nbsp;Miloslav Kopeček ,&nbsp;Patrik Švancer ,&nbsp;Ismael Olmos ,&nbsp;Carina Ricciardi ,&nbsp;Celso Iglesias-Garcia ,&nbsp;Ana Iglesias-Alonso ,&nbsp;Edoardo Spina ,&nbsp;Can-Jun Ruan ,&nbsp;Chuan-Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Yi-Lang Tang ,&nbsp;Shih-Ku Lin ,&nbsp;Hsien-Yuan Lane ,&nbsp;Yong Sik Kim ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is the Spanish translation of an international guideline which proposes improving clozapine package inserts worldwide by using ancestry-based: 1) dosing and 2) titration. Adverse drug reaction (ADR) databases suggest clozapine: 1) is the third most toxic drug in the United States (US), and 2) produces worldwide pneumonia mortality four times greater than that of agranulocytosis or myocarditis. For trough steady-state clozapine serum concentrations, the therapeutic reference range is narrow, from 350 to 600 ng/mL with the potential for toxicity and ADRs as concentrations increase. Clozapine is mainly metabolized by CYP1A2 (female non-smokers require the lowest dose and male smokers the highest dose). Poor metabolizer (PM) status through phenotypic conversion is associated with co-prescription of inhibitors (including oral contraceptives and valproate), obesity or inflammation with C-reactive protein (CRP) elevations. People with ancestry from Asia (Pakistan to Japan) or the Americas’ original inhabitants have lower CYP1A2 activity and require lower clozapine doses to reach concentrations of 350 ng/ml. Daily doses of 300-600 mg/day are recommended in the US. Slow personalized titration may prevent early ADRs (including syncope, myocarditis and pneumonia). The core of this guideline consists of six personalized titration schedules for inpatients: 1) Asian/Amerindian ancestry with lower metabolism (in cases of obesity or valproate) needing minimum therapeutic dosages of 75-150 mg/day, 2) Asian/Amerindian ancestry with average metabolism needing 175-300 mg/day, 3) European/Western Asian ancestry with lower metabolism (in cases of obesity or valproate) needing 100-200 mg/day, 4) European/Western Asian ancestry with average metabolism needing 250-400 mg/day, 5) in the US of non-Asian/Amerindian ancestry with lower clozapine metabolism (in cases of obesity or valproate) needing 150-300 mg/day, and 6) in the US of non-Asian/Amerindian ancestry with average clozapine metabolism needing 300-600 mg/day. Baseline and weekly CRP monitoring for at least 4 weeks is required to identify any inflammation, including inflammation secondary to clozapine rapid titration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"30 3","pages":"Article 100415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49906073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Síndrome de Cotard, más allá del delirio nihilista: a propósito de un caso","authors":"Sandra Sánchez Martínez ,&nbsp;Jair Montenegro Pérez ,&nbsp;Rosa Fontalvo Morales ,&nbsp;Pedro Gómez Mendez","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present article aims to expand the clinical and neuroimaging information of Cotard Syndrome, present therapeutic approaches, as well as the limitations in its practice. The case of a 54-year-old patient with a history of bipolar disorder who was admitted to a mental health institution with a depressive clinical presentation characterized by clinophilia, accompanied by nihilistic and guilt delusions, is presented. Pharmacological treatment was initiated with antipsychotics, antidepressants, and a mood stabilizer, resulting in the resolution of the condition and an improvement in the quality of life. Currently, much remains to be known about this clinical entity. Functional neuroimaging and clinical assessment will be the pillars that allow us to elucidate the physiopathological complexities and make advances in its classification, diagnosis, and comprehensive management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"30 3","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49906072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluación de la fragmentación del sueño en niños con trastorno del espectro autista","authors":"Erik Leonardo Mateos Salgado,&nbsp;Fructuoso Ayala Guerrero,&nbsp;Beatriz Eugenia Del Olmo Alcántara","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Disruption in sleep continuity can be assessed by the sleep fragmentation index (SFI), a measure that has proven useful in the evaluation of individuals with various sleep disorders. Problems with sleep structure are present in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the SFI has not been evaluated in this type of population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the SFI in a group of children with ASD and in a group of typically developing (TD) children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Polysomnography recordings were performed in 19 children with ASD of mean age 10.1 (± 2.5) years and in 19 children with TD of mean age 10.8 (± 2.5) years. In both groups, the Mann Whitney U test was used to compare the SFI , total sleep time, percentages of sleep stages, wake after sleep onset, sleep onset latency and REM sleep latency.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the sleep variables evaluated, in the ASD group the percentage of REM sleep was significantly lower, while REM sleep latency was significantly higher.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Sleep fragmentation is not a characteristic feature of ASD. Significant variation in REM sleep provides evidence in favor of the hypothesis of REM sleep deficiency in ASD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"30 3","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schizophrenia is associated with severe consequences","authors":"Kalyani Rajalingham","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Schizophrenia is an illness that affects millions of individuals. It is typically accompanied by positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. These symptoms are typically associated with the onset and progression of schizophrenia. However, aside from these known symptoms, there are consequences of having schizophrenia. In particular, metabolic syndrome<span>, early death and suicide, diseases<span>, lowered pain perception, sexual dysfunction, aggressive behavior/victimization, stigma, and </span></span></span>cognitive deficit<span> are all consequences of having schizophrenia. In this paper, we review the various consequences of having schizophrenia. These consequences should be monitored for, much like the typical symptoms, but are usually omitted from treatment.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"30 2","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49878507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La catatonia. Diagnóstico y tratamiento a propósito de un caso","authors":"Pablo Vázquez-Herrera ,&nbsp;Sara Cabezas-Gutierrez ,&nbsp;Batirtze Goitia-Aritxa","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The catatonic syndrome present multiple etiologies, both medical and psychiatric, with a variety of symptoms that often escape the clinical eye; therefore, it is currently an underdiagnosed syndrome. A multidisciplinary and global approach is necessary in these patients, due to the wide range of pharmacological, toxic and organic predisposing factors and the high morbidity and mortality of this syndrome. That is why we show a clinical case of an inhibited catatonic syndrome in a 37-year-old patient diagnosed with hebephrenic schizophrenia who presents a clinical picture of stupor, mutism and negativism.</p><p>In-depth training for clinicians and the application of up-to-date diagnostic scales and criteria are of vital importance for diagnosis, evolution and treatment of these patients. The use of benzodiazepines and early electroconvulsive therapy are the first-line treatments, always associated with support measures and prevention of complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"30 2","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49857053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tiaprida, una alternativa de tratamiento en el trastorno por uso de alcohol: a propósito de un caso","authors":"Luz María González Gualda ,&nbsp;Rocío Sáez Povedano ,&nbsp;Paloma Cano-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Miguel Barberán Navalón","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psiq.2023.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Present a clinical case report on the use of tiapride for alcohol detoxification in a patient with a diagnosis of severe alcohol use disorder 303.90 (F10.20).</p></div><div><h3>Clinical case report</h3><p>50 year-old female, under follow-up in the Addictive Behavior Unit from September 2016 to present, with diagnoses of adjustment disorder 309.4 (F43.25)</p><p>Mixed disturbance of emotions or behavior, severe alcohol use disorder 303.90 (F10.20) and severe decompensation, who is treated with tiapride.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The studies consulted demonstrate the efficacy and safety of tiapride for alcohol withdrawal syndrome in both outpatient and inpatient settings, in monotherapy or in polytherapy with benzodiazepines and/or antiepileptics, being also used in agitation and/or psychotic symptomatology.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In alcohol withdrawal syndrome, tiapride has been found to be effective and can even be considered as an adjunctive treatment to benzodiazepines or anticonvulsants. With a view to the future, pharmacogenetics affecting alcohol use disorder should be taken into account, so that individualized personalized therapy could benefit from fewer adverse effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"30 2","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49841731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}