Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation最新文献_第9页

Epigenetic-Mediated Regulation of Gene Expression for Biological Control and Cancer: Cell and Tissue Structure, Function, and Phenotype. 表观遗传介导的基因表达调控用于生物控制和癌症：细胞与组织结构、功能和表型。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_12

Andrew J Fritz, Mohammed El Dika, Rabail H Toor, Princess D Rodriguez, Stephen J Foley, Rahim Ullah, Daijing Nie, Bodhisattwa Banerjee, Dorcas Lohese, Kirsten M Tracy, Karen C Glass, Seth Frietze, Prachi N Ghule, Jessica L Heath, Anthony N Imbalzano, Andre van Wijnen, Jonathan Gordon, Jane B Lian, Janet L Stein, Gary S Stein

{"title":"Epigenetic-Mediated Regulation of Gene Expression for Biological Control and Cancer: Cell and Tissue Structure, Function, and Phenotype.","authors":"Andrew J Fritz, Mohammed El Dika, Rabail H Toor, Princess D Rodriguez, Stephen J Foley, Rahim Ullah, Daijing Nie, Bodhisattwa Banerjee, Dorcas Lohese, Kirsten M Tracy, Karen C Glass, Seth Frietze, Prachi N Ghule, Jessica L Heath, Anthony N Imbalzano, Andre van Wijnen, Jonathan Gordon, Jane B Lian, Janet L Stein, Gary S Stein","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_12","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_12","url":null,"abstract":"Epigenetic gene regulatory mechanisms play a central role in the biological control of cell and tissue structure, function, and phenotype. Identification of epigenetic dysregulation in cancer provides mechanistic into tumor initiation and progression and may prove valuable for a variety of clinical applications. We present an overview of epigenetically driven mechanisms that are obligatory for physiological regulation and parameters of epigenetic control that are modified in tumor cells. The interrelationship between nuclear structure and function is not mutually exclusive but synergistic. We explore concepts influencing the maintenance of chromatin structures, including phase separation, recognition signals, factors that mediate enhancer-promoter looping, and insulation and how these are altered during the cell cycle and in cancer. Understanding how these processes are altered in cancer provides a potential for advancing capabilities for the diagnosis and identification of novel therapeutic targets.","PeriodicalId":39320,"journal":{"name":"Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation","volume":"70 ","pages":"339-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9753575/pdf/nihms-1850294.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10516708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epigenetic-Mediated Regulation of Gene Expression for Biological Control and Cancer: Fidelity of Mechanisms Governing the Cell Cycle. 表观遗传介导的基因表达调控用于生物控制和癌症：细胞周期调控机制的保真度。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_13

Mohammed El Dika, Andrew J Fritz, Rabail H Toor, Princess D Rodriguez, Stephen J Foley, Rahim Ullah, Daijing Nie, Bodhisattwa Banerjee, Dorcas Lohese, Kirsten M Tracy, Karen C Glass, Seth Frietze, Prachi N Ghule, Jessica L Heath, Anthony N Imbalzano, Andre van Wijnen, Jonathan Gordon, Jane B Lian, Janet L Stein, Gary S Stein

引用次数: 0

Chromatin Dynamics During Entry to Quiescence and Compromised Functionality in Cancer Cells. 癌细胞进入静止和功能受损时的染色质动力学。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_9

Olivia Grace Dobbs, Dawn Coverley

{"title":"Chromatin Dynamics During Entry to Quiescence and Compromised Functionality in Cancer Cells.","authors":"Olivia Grace Dobbs, Dawn Coverley","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_9","url":null,"abstract":"Quiescence is a vital cellular state where cells can reversibly exit the cell cycle and cease proliferation in unfavourable conditions. Cells can undergo multiple transitions in and out of quiescence during their lifetime, and an imbalance in this highly regulated process can promote tumorigenesis and disease. The nucleus experiences vast changes during entry to quiescence, including changes in gene expression and a reduction in size due to increased chromatin compaction. Studies into these changes have highlighted the importance of a core quiescence gene expression programme, reorganisation of nuclear structures, and the action of the condensin complex in creating a stable, quiescent nucleus. However, the underpinning mechanisms behind the formation of a quiescent nucleus are still not fully understood. This chapter explores the current literature surrounding chromatin dynamics during entry to quiescence and the association between quiescence and disease and accentuates the need for further studies to understand this transition. Linking failure to maintain a stable, quiescent state with potential genome instability may help in the advancement of medical interventions for a range of diseases, including cancer.","PeriodicalId":39320,"journal":{"name":"Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation","volume":" ","pages":"279-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40672120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The LINC Complex Assists the Nuclear Import of Mechanosensitive Transcriptional Regulators. LINC复合体有助于机械敏感转录调控因子的核导入。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_11

Tomoyo Takata, Miki Matsumura

{"title":"The LINC Complex Assists the Nuclear Import of Mechanosensitive Transcriptional Regulators.","authors":"Tomoyo Takata, Miki Matsumura","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_11","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical forces play pivotal roles in directing cell functions and fate. To elicit gene expression, either intrinsic or extrinsic mechanical information are transmitted into the nucleus beyond the nuclear envelope via at least two distinct pathways, possibly more. The first and well-known pathway utilizes the canonical nuclear transport of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators through the nuclear pore complex, which is an exclusive route for macromolecular trafficking between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. The second pathway depends on the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, which is a molecular bridge traversing the nuclear envelope between the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton. This protein complex is a central component in mechanotransduction at the nuclear envelope that transmits mechanical information from the cytoskeleton into the nucleus to influence the nuclear structure, nuclear stiffness, chromatin organization, and gene expression. Besides the mechanical force transducing function, recent increasing evidence shows that the LINC complex plays a role in controlling nucleocytoplasmic transport of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators. Here we discuss recent findings regarding the contribution of the LINC complex to the regulation of intracellular localization of the most-notable mechanosensitive transcriptional regulators, β-catenin, YAP, and TAZ.","PeriodicalId":39320,"journal":{"name":"Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation","volume":" ","pages":"315-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40672123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Nuclear Organization in Response to Stress: A Special Focus on Nucleoli. 应对压力的核组织:对核仁的特别关注。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_17

Enkhzaya Batnasan, Sonja Koivukoski, Minttu Kärkkäinen, Leena Latonen

引用次数: 0

Mitotic Antipairing of Homologous Chromosomes. 同源染色体的有丝分裂反配对。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_6

Lisa L Hua, Christian J Casas, Takashi Mikawa

引用次数: 0

Networks and Islands of Genome Nano-architecture and Their Potential Relevance for Radiation Biology : (A Hypothesis and Experimental Verification Hints). 基因组纳米结构的网络和孤岛及其与辐射生物学的潜在相关性:(一个假设和实验验证提示)。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_1

Michael Hausmann, Georg Hildenbrand, Götz Pilarczyk

{"title":"Networks and Islands of Genome Nano-architecture and Their Potential Relevance for Radiation Biology : (A Hypothesis and Experimental Verification Hints).","authors":"Michael Hausmann, Georg Hildenbrand, Götz Pilarczyk","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_1","url":null,"abstract":"The cell nucleus is a complex biological system in which simultaneous reactions and functions take place to keep the cell as an individualized, specialized system running well. The cell nucleus contains chromatin packed in various degrees of density and separated in volumes of chromosome territories and subchromosomal domains. Between the chromatin, however, there is enough \"free\" space for floating RNA, proteins, enzymes, ATPs, ions, water molecules, etc. which are trafficking by super- and supra-diffusion to the interaction points where they are required. It seems that this trafficking works somehow automatically and drives the system perfectly. After exposure to ionizing radiation causing DNA damage from single base damage up to chromatin double-strand breaks, the whole system \"cell nucleus\" responds, and repair processes are starting to recover the fully functional and intact system. In molecular biology, many individual epigenetic pathways of DNA damage response or repair of single and double-strand breaks are described. How these responses are embedded into the response of the system as a whole is often out of the focus of consideration. In this article, we want to follow the hypothesis of chromatin architecture's impact on epigenetic pathways and vice versa. Based on the assumption that chromatin acts like an \"aperiodic solid state within a limited volume,\" functionally determined networks and local topologies (\"islands\") can be defined that drive the appropriate repair process at a given damage site. Experimental results of investigations of the chromatin nano-architecture and DNA repair clusters obtained by means of single-molecule localization microscopy offer hints and perspectives that may contribute to verifying the hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":39320,"journal":{"name":"Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation","volume":" ","pages":"3-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40474094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

A Unified Genomic Mechanism of Cell-Fate Change. 细胞命运变化的统一基因组机制。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_2

Masa Tsuchiya, Alessandro Giuliani, Giovanna Zimatore, Jekaterina Erenpreisa, Kenichi Yoshikawa

{"title":"A Unified Genomic Mechanism of Cell-Fate Change.","authors":"Masa Tsuchiya, Alessandro Giuliani, Giovanna Zimatore, Jekaterina Erenpreisa, Kenichi Yoshikawa","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_2","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of our studies is to elucidate the nature of massive control of the whole genome expression with a particular emphasis on cell-fate change. The whole genome expression is coordinated by the emergence of a critical point (CP: a peculiar set of biphasic genes) with the genome acting as an integrated dynamical system. In response to stimuli, the genome expression self-organizes into local sub-, near-, and super-critical states, each exhibiting distinct collective behaviors with its center of mass acting as a local attractor, coexisting with the whole genome attractor (GA). The CP serves as the organizing center of cell-fate change, and its activation makes local perturbation to spread over the genome affecting GA. The activation of CP is in turn elicited by genes with elevated temporal variance (oscillating-mode genes), normally in charge to keep genome expression at pace with microenvironment fluctuations. When oscillation exceeds a given threshold, the CP synchronizes with the GA driving genome expression state transition. The expression synchronization wave invading the entire genome is fostered by the fusion-splitting dynamics of silencing pericentromere-associated heterochromatin domains and the consequent folding-unfolding transitions of transcribing euchromatin domains. The proposed mechanism is a unified step toward a time-evolutional transition theory of biological regulation.","PeriodicalId":39320,"journal":{"name":"Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation","volume":" ","pages":"35-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40474095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alterations to Genome Organisation in Stem Cells, Their Differentiation and Associated Diseases. 干细胞中基因组组织的改变及其分化和相关疾病。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_3

Joanna M Bridger, Rita Torres Pereira, Cristina Pina, Sabrina Tosi, Annabelle Lewis

{"title":"Alterations to Genome Organisation in Stem Cells, Their Differentiation and Associated Diseases.","authors":"Joanna M Bridger, Rita Torres Pereira, Cristina Pina, Sabrina Tosi, Annabelle Lewis","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_3","url":null,"abstract":"The organisation of the genome in its home, the cell nucleus, is reliant on a number of different aspects to establish, maintain and alter its functional non-random positioning. The genome is dispersed throughout a cell nucleus in specific chromosome territories which are further divided into topologically associated domains (TADs), where regions of the genome from different and the same chromosomes come together. This organisation is both controlled by DNA and chromatin epigenetic modification and the association of the genome with nuclear structures such as the nuclear lamina, the nucleolus and nuclear bodies and speckles. Indeed, sequences that are associated with the first two structures mentioned are termed lamina-associated domains (LADs) and nucleolar-associated domains (NADs), respectively. The modifications and nuclear structures that regulate genome function are altered through a cell's life from stem cell to differentiated cell through to reversible quiescence and irreversible senescence, and hence impacting on genome organisation, altering it to silence specific genes and permit others to be expressed in a controlled way in different cell types and cell cycle statuses. The structures and enzymes and thus the organisation of the genome can also be deleteriously affected, leading to disease and/or premature ageing.","PeriodicalId":39320,"journal":{"name":"Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation","volume":" ","pages":"71-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40474097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nuclear Architecture in the Nervous System. 神经系统中的核结构。

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_15

Kenji Ito, Takumi Takizawa

引用次数: 0