Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy最新文献

{"title":"MILK OF BLACK-WHITE COWS WITH DIFFERENT GENES OF CAPPA CASEIN AND DIACYLGLYCEROL OF O-ACYLTRANSFERASE FOR CHEESEMAKING","authors":"R. Shaidullin, Шайдуллин Радик Рафаилович, G. Sharafutdinov, Шарафутдинов Газимзян Салимович, A. Moskvicheva, Москвичева Анастасия Борисовна","doi":"10.12737/37341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/37341","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is improving the quality and technological properties of milk from black-and-white cows. The research was conducted on first-calf cows of a black-and-white breed in LLC «Dusym» of the Atninsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. Three groups of experimental cows were formed depending on the genotype of CSN3 and DGAT1, which have equal lactation month. Cheese making milk obtained from cows with different allelic variants of the kappa-casein and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase genes was studied. DNA testing was performed on the CSN3 and DGAT1 genes of experimental cows and allelic variants of these genes were determined by pol-ymerase chain reaction followed by analysis of restriction-site polymorphism. It was found that milk of cows with the genotype CSN3 AB and CSN3 BB, when exposed to rennet, showed a better yield of a dense casein clot (80 and 100%) and separation of serum (P <0.05), with a shorter coagulation time (20.3 and 16.5 min; P <0.05-0.01). Ac-cording to the DGAT1 gene, first-calf milk with the allelic variant DGAT1 AK and DGAT1 KK had the advantage, respectively, 86.7% and 85.7%, 24.0 and 25.7 minutes. The worst milk coagulation time is typical for CSN3 AA group – 29.5 minutes and DGAT1 AA one – 30.4 min. In terms of milk coagulation time, type II (15-40 min.) groups have the genotype CSN3 AB and CSN3 BB with the largest share of cows in the herd – 80.0 and 71.4% and with the genotype DGAT1 AK and DGAT1 KK – 86.6 and 85.7%, respectively. Thus, milk obtained from cows with the kappa-casein gene allele B and the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase gene allele K gene in the genotype has the best cheese-making properties.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124302638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BEEF COWS BODY CONDITION SCORING AND ITS MEASUREMENTS RELATIONSHIP","authors":"I. Khakimov, Хакимов Исмагиль Насибуллович, R. Mudarisov, Мударисов Ринат Мансафович, A. Akimov, Акимов Александр Леонидович","doi":"10.12737/37338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/37338","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is improving the efficiency of breeding work in selection of cows by live weight, body measurements with mandatory consideration of animal condition score. The degree and nature of relationship be-tween live weight and body measurements of beef cows with condition score, regression coefficient were calculat-ed. The research was carried out on beef Hereford and Kazakh white-headed cows. A high positive relationship between live weight, body measurements and the condition score of cows was established. The regression coeffi-cient showed that change in finish by 1 point increases the live weight of Hereford cows of the first group by 46.3 kg, the second – by 44.2 kg, and the third – by 42.1 kg. The cows of the second group have the largest bulk, they signif-icantly exceeded the Hereford and Kazakh white-headed cows of the first and third groups by this indicator. The difference was 51.2 and 45.9 kg, respectively, the coefficients of variability – varied between 4.1 to 9.2%. Hereford Cows of the second group were superior in heart girth (with a difference of 4 cm) to cows of the first group and 10.6 cm to cows of the third group. The coefficients of variability ranged within 12.9 to 27.0 %. In terms to heart girth (by 1.05 and 0.95 cm) and chest depth (by 8.9 and 2.9 cm), the cows of the second group were superior to the cows of the first and the third groups, respectively (the difference is not reliable). The variation coefficients ranged within 10.3 to 15.7% for heart girth and from 13.0 to 16.7% for chest depth.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129069630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENT CONTENT AS A CONSEQUENTAL RESISTANCE SIGN OF POTATO VARIETIES TO HIGH TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE LACK","authors":"A. L. Bakunov, Бакунов Алексей Львович, A. Milekhin, Милехин Алексей Викторович, S. Rubtsov, Рубцов Сергей Леонидович, S. N. Shevchenko, Шевченко Сергей Николаевич","doi":"10.12737/37332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/37332","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is increasing potato yield in dry conditions of the Middle Volga region. The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Samara Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of the Sa-mara Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The variety testing plant nursery included 28 varieties of potatoes of domestic selection. Udacha, Zhigulevsky, Arosa and Gala breeds were the standard varieties. The plant material was planted out in two replications with 25 plants in each. To determine the content of photosynthetic pigments, extracts were prepared from ten potato leaves of each breed in 100% acetone. Measurements were per-formed by spectrophotometry. To measure the amount of chlorophyll a, the wavelength of 665 nm, chlorophyll b – 649 nm, and carotenoids – 440 nm were used. The concentration of pigments was determined by using Wettstein formulas. When harvesting, the potato yield was taken into account. The average concentration of chlorophyll a in the studied breeds was 0.92 mg/g, the average concentration of chlorophyll b was 0.62 mg/g, and one of carote-noids was 0.27 mg/g. Potato breeds with high concentration of photosynthetic pigments were identified. A reliable average dependence of the yield of potato breeds on the concentration of chlorophyll b in plants was revealed. The correlation coefficient was 0.42. There is no reliable dependence tested of yield on the concentration of chlorophyll a and carotenoids. Potato productivity is associated with a significant negative relationship with the ratio of both a and b chlorophyll concentrations. The most highly productive varieties were characterized by a high content of two varieties of chlorophyll. A high concentration of chlorophyll b or a minimum ratio of chlorophyll a and b concentra-tions can be tentatively recommended as a consequential sign for identifying potato breeds that are highly adapted to high air temperature and insufficient moisture.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"320 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132294755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DYNAMICS OF NUTRITION VALUE AND ALFALFA HAYLAGE MICROBIOLOGICAL INDICATORS WHEN USING BIOLOGICAL PRESERVATIVES","authors":"Z. F. Fattakhova, Фаттахова Зилия Фидаилевна, S. Shakirov, Шакиров Шамиль Касымович, G. Sharafutdinov, Шарафутдинов Газимзян Салимович, I. Khakimov, Хакимов Исмагиль Насибуллович","doi":"10.12737/37340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/37340","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is increasing the efficiency of using liquid and dry biological preservatives during alfal-fa haylage. Conservation based on use of individual strains or lactic acid bacterium community is a promising direc-tion of resource – saving technologies for foraging. Influence of biologies on organoleptic properties, safety, nutri-tional value and microbiological parameters of alfalfa haylage was studied. The experiment was conducted in 2016-2018 in the laboratory of Agro-Biological Department of Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture of the Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The object of research is influence of biological preserva-tives on the nutritional properties of alfalfa haylage, and Aislu alfalfa breed herbage. Industrial samples of Ferbak-SIL liquid biological preservatives with and dry Bioamide-3 enzyme free were used for haylage. It was found that, on average, for 3 years of the experiment, the use of preparations led to the improvement of bio-conservation of herbage, optimization of microorganisms and improvement of nutritional properties of alfalfa haylage. Adding liquid Ferbak-SIL bio-preservative with enzymes to alfalfa herbage led to an increase in the safety of dry matter by 2.06%, raw protein – by 0.69%, raw fiber – by 0.37%, raw fat – by 0.19%, exchange energy – by 7.10%, and concentration of lactic acid bacteria-by 230.1%, compared to the control variant. Values of similar indicators in the variants of the experiment with the dry biological product Bioamide-3 enzymes free were, respectively, 0,78, 0,51, 0,11, 0,08, 3,13, 170,8 % in relation to control.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129593672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF PHOSPHOGYPSUM APPLICATION ON SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL IN CROP ROTATION WITH POTATOES","authors":"Людмила Федотова, L. Fedotova, Наталья Аканова, N. Akanova, Кирилл Косодуров, Kirill Kosodurov","doi":"10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC0FD3BD008.99301749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC0FD3BD008.99301749","url":null,"abstract":"The research is aimed to improve the agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soil and increase the productivity of crop rotation with potatoes. The decrease in the mineral and organic fertilizers use in Non-Chernozem zone of Russia leads to low yields of potato tubers and worse agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soils. Agronomical positive and ecologically safe effects of phosphogypsum on physical and chemical properties of sod-podzolic sandy soil and formation of productivity and quality of potato and spring barley was revealed. With the introduction of phosphogypsum, on average for 3 years, the soil received (kg S/ha per year): with a dose of 0.5 t/ha +35.1, with a dose of \u00001.0 t/ha +57.6, with a dose of 1.5 t/ha +79.8 and against a background of 3.0 t/ha +105.6, which led to an increase in the content of salpho in the soil, respectively, introduced doses of meliorant – by 9.7, 17.5, 26.5 and 32.9 mg S/kg compared to the initial level. A single application of phosphogypsum to sod-podzolic soil provided an increase in the content of labile phosphorus by 72 and 40 mg/kg against the background of doses of 1.5 and 3.0 t/ha. The As-sessment of the possible toxicity of phosphogypsum showed that the ratio of Ca/Sr in the soil is at a safe level and amounted to 97 in the control variant, against the background of doses of phosphogypsum 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 t/ha – 104-117. In total, for three years of research, the use of meliorant provided an increase in the productivity of potato – barley – potato crop rotation by 30-38 kg of grains units/ha or 19-24% in comparison with the option where only NPK fertilizers were used.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121062552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INDICATORS OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATUS OF NEWBORN CALVES DEPENDING ON COW-MOTHERS AGE","authors":"Хамидулла Баймишев, K. Baymishev, Инна Ускова, I. Uskova, Мурат Баймишев, M. Baimishev","doi":"10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC06C4D7612.18839924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC06C4D7612.18839924","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to increase the morphofunctional status of newborn calves. The work was carried out in JSC «Niva» Stavropol region of the Samara region. From the number of Holstein heifers black-and-white breed was formed a group of animals in the amount of 40 heads. In newborn calves by animals of this group after the first, sec-ond and third calving, morphological and functional parameters were determined according to the following criteria: the state of skin; the time of standing posture; number of incisive teeth; sucking reflex and number of leukocytes and erythrocytes; distance from the tip of the tail to the Tuber calcanei; the length of the last rib to the frontal line of the shoulder joint. It was established that the age of cows-mothers (calving) affects the viability of calves. Calves born by cows after the second calving were inferior to calves of cows after the first and third calving in terms of skin cover, sucking reflex, standing posture, live weight and blood. The number of incisive teeth of calves born by cows after the third calving is 0.55 and 1.20 more than calves possess from heifers and cows after the second calving. The distance between the last rib and the frontal line of the shoulder joint shown by calves after the third calving is 2.03 and 0.71 cm, respectively, less than their peers demonstrated born by cows after the second and first calving. The distance between the tail and Tuber of calves born by cows after the second calving was 1.26 cm is greater than calves born by heifers showed, and 2.02 cm greater than calves born by cows after the second calving had. It is es-tablished that calves born by cows after the second calving are less viable because of their mothers prolonged lac-tation had been prior to their birth, and poor adaptation to the conditions of milk intensive production technology.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116600573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF EXTRUDER WORKING PROCESS WITH TERMOVACUAL EFFECT","authors":"Анатолий Курочкин, A. Kurochkin","doi":"10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC0837A1BC3.84520731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC0837A1BC3.84520731","url":null,"abstract":"The research aim is a theoretical substantiation of the increase in the efficiency of extrudate dehydration due to the supply of air into the vacuum chamber of a modernized extruder with a thermal vacuum working process. On the basis of modern study of the implementation of the thermodynamic process in the interaction of three different air flows in a limited volume of the vacuum chamber of the extruder, one possible way of increasing the efficiency of the finished product dehydration was theoretically justified. In the previously proposed constructive-technological scheme of the extruder, the insufficiently intensive dehydration of the finished product leaving the die of the ma-chine is associated with a relatively low air flow rate at the surface of the cooling extruder. These speed limits the transfer rate of the liquid removed from the extruder by means of wet steam, which is withdrawn from the vacuum chamber of the extruder into a vacuum balloon and condenses. In a modernized extruder, the effect of thermal vac-uum effect is proposed to be enhanced by means of a metered supply of air into the working volume of the extrud-er’s vacuum chamber. The conducted research allowed obtaining analytical expressions with the help of which it is possible to determine the volumetric flow rate of air injected into the vacuum chamber of the machine and to deter-mine its effect on the main structural and technological parameters of the system that ensures the thermal vacuum effect of the extrusion process. The relationship between the coefficient taking into account the influence of the thermal vacuum effect in an autogenous extruder on other significant technical and technological parameters of the machine is shown. The results obtained can be useful and considered in the course of subsequent theoretical stud-ies of extruders with a vacuum chamber and will allow on their basis increasing the efficiency of the machines per-forming the thermal vacuum extrusion of raw materials of plant origin.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129787372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE WORK OF THE TRACTOR DIESEL IN APPLYING DIESEL MIXTURE FUEL BASED ON RICINIC OIL","authors":"Артем Садов, A. Sadov, Любовь Денежко, L. Denezhko, Леонид Новопашин, L. Novopashin","doi":"10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDE492557EF70.84822001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDE492557EF70.84822001","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is the theoretical justification for the use of diesel fuel mixture based on castor oil. The preferred type of biofuel used in agriculture and forestry is multi-component diesel fuel produced by mixing petrole-um diesel fuel (DF) and fuel oil. As raw materials to produce diesel fuel blends-entertainment oil crops that are not used in the food industry, such as safflower, camelina, canola, rape, crambe Abyssinian and castor. As diesel fuel blends investigated mixture ricinic oil (RicM) and summer diesel fuel (GOST 305-2013) three compositions. On the basis of the thermal calculation, the parameters of the engine operating cycle are determined and the dependences of the engine operating cycle indicators on the composition of the mixture are presented. The comparison of the ob-tained parameters with the indicators of traditional diesel fuel was made. Calorific value of mixing substance de-creases with increase in the proportion of the biological component (RicM), thermal characteristics of the gas mix-ture is practically unchanged, due to gain-eat proportion of oxygen in the elemental composition ricinic oil. With an increase in the concentration of ricinic oil in the mixed fuel, a decrease in the power of the D-240 engine by 1.8-1.9% compared to diesel fuel was noted, the consumption of the mixture increased by 6-8 % or by 2.3 g/kWh on average for every 5 % increase in the concentration of ricinic mass in the mixture. According to the calculations and comparisons with studies on other crops, DMF produced from ricinic oil has similar characteristics with mixtures based on rapeseed, mustard, soybean oils. These studies are aimed at diversifying fuel resources and increasing the energy independence of agricultural enterprises.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128478998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAIN RESULTS STUDY OF TABLE POTATO VARIETIES GROWN IN ORENBURG REGION","authors":"Александр Мушинский, Aleksandr Mushinsky, Евгения Аминова, E. Aminova, Алия Жанытовна Саудабаева, A. Saudabayeva","doi":"10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC15282E228.25481470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC15282E228.25481470","url":null,"abstract":"The research aim is identification of promising varieties that provide the highest productivity and adaptability to soil and climatic conditions of the Orenburg Region. Nowadays, the introduction of new table varieties into production, capable of resisting the influence of unfavorable abiotic and biotic environmental factors, will make it possible to better meet the population's need for high-quality potatoes. In 2016-2018 In the irrigated conditions of Orenburg, a comparative test of eighteen potato varieties was carried out (Lyubava, Kuzovok, Red Scarlett, Burren, Barna, Nev-sky, Fresco, Spiridon, Tarasov, Sante, Impala, Sherry, Rosara, Zakhar, Agat, Itzil, Cavalier, Bracelet). The experi-ment was laid on the basis of OOO Agrofirma Promyshlennaya, the soil cover of the plot is the southern terraced chernozem medium medium humid medium soil. Annually fertilizer was applied with a dose of N75P120K112 kg d.v. The experience was laid on a single-factor scheme in 3 replicates. Plot area 140 m2 (50 m × 2.8 m), accounting – 70 m2 \u0000(50 m × 1.4 m). The yield, marketability, starch and dry matter content in potato tubers were determined. Years of research differed in climatic characteristics, which made it possible to reliably assess the possibilities of the varie-ties under study. As a result of three years of research, the maximum productivity of 46.5 and 44.8 t/ha was ob-served in the Cavalier and Barna varieties, which exceeded the yield of the standard Nevsky variety by 42 and 45 %, respectively. The maximum number of tubers from one plant was obtained from the varieties Lyubava (15 pcs/bush) and Barna (12 pcs/bush). The most adaptive to local conditions varieties of potato were distinguished, combining high yields over 40 t/ha and starch content (> 14 %): Cavalier, Lubawa, Tarasov and Burren. \u0000The studies were carried out in accordance with the research plan for 2019-2020 Federal State Scientific Institution «Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences» \u0000(№ 0761-2019-0011).","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131501149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE SPEED MODE OF AEROPRODUCT FLOW WITH PARALLEL-SEQUENTIAL SECTIONS","authors":"Артем Кравцов, A. Kravtsov, Владимир Коновалов, V. Konovalov, Владимир Иванович Зайцев, V. Zaitsev, Марина Донцова, M. Dontsova","doi":"10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC098156D56.12929222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/ARTICLE_5CDBC098156D56.12929222","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to reduce pressure losses in the pneumatic system of the seeder with pneumatic sowing. In the production of seeders with pneumatic sowing one of the qualitative indicators of the technological process of pneumatic transportation of plant seeds and granules of oral fertilizers is the uniformity of the distribution of trans-ported bulk material from the bins with the dispenser of the sowing device to the unloading devices – nozzles of coulters. The task of distributing the material on the coulters is solved by the distributor. In the presence of trans-verse non-uniformity of feed of seeds is about 10% there is a risk of reducing productive activity of wheat to 1.0...1.5 t/ha. To ensure the quality of the specified material distribution in the design of the seeder is required to provide a number of quantitative terms. The change in the speed mode of movement of particles of bulk material affects not only the qualitative indicators of its distribution on coulters, but also the pneumatic resistance of the pneumatic con-veyor due to the turbulence of the flow, and the power consumption of the fan drive. Equations of pressure loss of pneumatic system are given. The results of the analysis of the 3D model pneumatic seeder pressure and flow rate. The flow rate at the beginning of the horizontal section of the pipe and the concentration of the sown material in the air product flow were changed in the simulation. The flow rate varied in the range of 15-25 m/s. The material con-centration varied in the range of 0-1.27 kg/kg of air. The regression equations of the average flow velocity over the sections of the pneumatic system, the fall of the static and total pressure are obtained. It is recommended to improve the design of the pneumatic system of seeders. The existing corrugated surface of the pipe does not fully cope with the task. The design of the vertical pipe requires additional structural elements that center the flow, both along the length of the pipe and at the inlet to the distributor.","PeriodicalId":393002,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128298297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}