MAIN RESULTS STUDY OF TABLE POTATO VARIETIES GROWN IN ORENBURG REGION

Abstract

The research aim is identification of promising varieties that provide the highest productivity and adaptability to soil and climatic conditions of the Orenburg Region. Nowadays, the introduction of new table varieties into production, capable of resisting the influence of unfavorable abiotic and biotic environmental factors, will make it possible to better meet the population's need for high-quality potatoes. In 2016-2018 In the irrigated conditions of Orenburg, a comparative test of eighteen potato varieties was carried out (Lyubava, Kuzovok, Red Scarlett, Burren, Barna, Nev-sky, Fresco, Spiridon, Tarasov, Sante, Impala, Sherry, Rosara, Zakhar, Agat, Itzil, Cavalier, Bracelet). The experi-ment was laid on the basis of OOO Agrofirma Promyshlennaya, the soil cover of the plot is the southern terraced chernozem medium medium humid medium soil. Annually fertilizer was applied with a dose of N75P120K112 kg d.v. The experience was laid on a single-factor scheme in 3 replicates. Plot area 140 m2 (50 m × 2.8 m), accounting – 70 m2 (50 m × 1.4 m). The yield, marketability, starch and dry matter content in potato tubers were determined. Years of research differed in climatic characteristics, which made it possible to reliably assess the possibilities of the varie-ties under study. As a result of three years of research, the maximum productivity of 46.5 and 44.8 t/ha was ob-served in the Cavalier and Barna varieties, which exceeded the yield of the standard Nevsky variety by 42 and 45 %, respectively. The maximum number of tubers from one plant was obtained from the varieties Lyubava (15 pcs/bush) and Barna (12 pcs/bush). The most adaptive to local conditions varieties of potato were distinguished, combining high yields over 40 t/ha and starch content (> 14 %): Cavalier, Lubawa, Tarasov and Burren. The studies were carried out in accordance with the research plan for 2019-2020 Federal State Scientific Institution «Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences» (№ 0761-2019-0011).