South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"2025 Scholars' Research Symposium Abstract: The Relationship Between Bony Fractures and Child Abuse in Rural Pediatric Population.","authors":"Tiffany Bender","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Determining if injuries are the result of abuse in the pediatric population continues to be an arduous task for medical providers. In pediatric patients who are not yet mobile or verbal, diagnosing abuse can be even more difficult as histories must be taken from someone other than the patient, who may potentially be the abuser. Rates of child abuse also vary widely by demographics, including location. Rural areas have higher risk factors for child physical abuse, including higher rates of childhood poverty. This study aimed to identify injury trends and demographic populations of physical child abuse related to fractures in a rural Midwest pediatric population and compare them to national statistics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized a retrospective chart review of Sanford Health Enterprise patients less than 12 months of age with ICD-10 fracture diagnoses between 2017 and 2021. An initial chart review was performed to identify mechanism of injury, demographics, and other medical information. A second chart review was performed, by a child abuse pediatrician, for inter-rater reliability, as well as context for perpetrator information, location of abuse, and child abuse specialist findings. This child abuse pediatrician then categorized each patient's case as \"Consistent with Abuse\", \"Concern for Abuse/Indeterminant\", or \"Accidental/Medical\". Wilcoxon rank-sum and Fisher's exact tests were conducted to identify statistically significant differences among patients in each category.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>107 patients were included in the study. Patients with injuries consistent with abuse were younger than those with injuries deemed indeterminate or concerning for abuse, as well as those with accidental or medical injuries (p =0.008). Injuries such as skull, facial, and rib fractures, injuries to the chest, and bruising were more strongly associated with abuse, while upper and lower extremity injuries were not. Over half of the cases consistent with abuse involved patients with undocumented or inconsistent explanations for their injuries. Compared to femur fractures being the most common bone fracture secondary to child abuse in national studies, rib fractures and chest injuries were more common in this rural Midwest pediatric sample. Additionally, the presence of other fractures identified through skeletal surveys further increased the likelihood of abuse.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the correlation between injury patterns of physically abused pediatric patients in the rural population. Younger patients with bone fractures were more likely to be abused compared to those with accidental injuries. Inconsistent or undocumented mechanisms of injury were also more common in abuse cases. These findings suggest younger patients with bone fractures or an unknown mechanism should be extensively evaluated for child abuse. Skeletal surveys remain paramount to investiga","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 9","pages":"403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Scholars' Research Symposium Abstracts.","authors":"Candace N Zeigler, Benjamin Aaker, Sherri D Koch, Paul A Thompson, Valeriy Kozmenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 9","pages":"402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Scholars' Research Symposium Abstract: Lightning Associated with More Visits to the Emergency Department for Chest Pain.","authors":"Bailee Lichter","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chest pain is a common reason for visits to the emergency department. This project explored weather related events, particularly thunder events, and their association with chest pain and myocardial infarction. Changing weather patterns have previously been linked to cardiovascular complaints in the emergency department. Additionally, researchers have been able to link chronic noise pollution, like traffic noise, to a significant increase in cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about the relationship between a single loud noise, such as thunder after a lightning strike, and myocardial infarction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Location and time of lightning events in a 100-mile radius of Avera McKennan Hospital in Sioux Falls, SD from June 1, 2021 through July 31, 2021 was obtained from Global measurement instruments company Vaisala. Data for thunder was not available. The McKennan Emergency Department electronic medical record was queried for chief complaints of chest pain and dermatologic complaints (control group) during the same timeframe using ICD codes. Patients presenting to the ED for chest pain were further evaluated to determine if they were diagnosed with a myocardial infarction. Date of patient presentation to the ED was then cross-referenced to the Vaisala lightning data to determine if lightning, and therefore thunder, occurred on the date of presentation. The number of chest pain complaints on days with lightning was compared to number of dermatologic complaints to determine statistical significance using a chi-squared test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From June 1, 2021, to July 31, 2021, 188 of 309 patients presented to Avera McKennan Emergency Department with a chest pain complaint on a day with lightning. A total of 5 patients were diagnosed with myocardial infarction. Of the patients diagnosed with a myocardial infarction, 4 of the 5 patients presented on a day with recorded lightning. Lightning was recorded on 39 of the 61 days of our timeframe. To evaluate differing lead times for lightning events, p-values for various times post-lightning strike were analyzed. A p-value less than or equal to 0.5 was considered significant. This study showed a p-value of 0.034 at 0.5 hours after lightning strike. At 2.5, 3, 4, 4.5, 5, and 5.5 hours after a lightning strike occurred the p-values were 0.047, 0.033, 0.029, 0.018, 0.019, and 0.039 respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed a significant increase in patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain complaints 0.5 hours after lightning strike and between 2.5-5.5 hours after lightning strike. Limitations to this study include distance from lightning strike and intensity of lightning strike not being considered. Additionally, there was a small sample size for the group of patients diagnosed with an MI (n=5). These are areas that could be looked at further to better understand the relationship bet","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 9","pages":"410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Scholars' Research Symposium Abstract: Transitional Understanding of Kindness in Medical Students.","authors":"Madigan Moore","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Humanistic qualities have been noted to be of importance in the patient-physician relationship. The patient-physician relationship can influence health outcomes. Research has shown that focusing on these qualities in the medical school curriculum can foster these qualities. In the current study, researchers chose to focus on the humanistic quality of kindness. This is a qualitative study assessing how students understand kindness in medicine both before and after their immersion in the clinical environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects for this study were students of the class of 2025 at the University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine. Phase I took place during, towards the end of, or shortly after didactic training (Pillar I and Pillar II). Ten students completed a 3-question demographic survey, a 30-minute individual interview about their experiences of kindness in medicine, and 9-students participated in a one-hour focus group discussion. Phase II consisted of 9-individual student interviews and an 8-student focus group once students had completed at least a year of clinical experience (Pillar II and Pillar III).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10-students volunteered for phase I of the study; 9-students moved on to complete phase II of the study. The data collected for this study consisted of audio-recorded interviews, which were transcribed. The transcripts were then analyzed for qualitative themes by two separate researchers using conventional content analysis. The main themes derived from the data were definition of kindness, clinical environments, how providers practiced kindness, and ethics. Subthemes were derived from these main themes to further compare the data between Phase I and Phase II.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This was a qualitative study assessing students' understanding of kindness in medicine. The themes of definition of kindness, clinical environments, how providers practiced kindness, and ethics were derived from the qualitative data. Important findings include the loss of kindness in negative clinical environments, the emphasis students placed on kindness being a decision in the clinical environment, the importance of context to kindness, and exposure to clinical environments aiding students' preparedness to face ethical challenges. Future work could investigate integration of humanistic values such as kindness into the medical school curriculum.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 9","pages":"411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Scholars' Research Symposium Abstract: Utilizing Registered Dietitians to Improve Nutrition Education for Medical Students.","authors":"Andee Weisbeck James","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between diet, disease prevention, and treatment is well understood and yet, physicians often fall short in addressing this. It is important for physicians to counsel their patients about good nutrition and dietary changes related to treatment and prevention of many diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and obesity. Physician endorsement of the importance of nutrition for overall health benefit will increase the likelihood that their patients make the necessary changes in their diet and lifestyle to help reduce the health risks associated with many chronic diseases. However, medical students are not provided with the necessary tools to practice high quality, effective nutrition counseling. This project aims to utilize the expertise of registered dietitians and senior medical students to increase the nutrition knowledge and clinical skills of pre-clerkship students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pre-clerkship medical students (n=216) were given the opportunity to attend a series of lectures given by registered dietitians supplemented by an upper-level medical student who shared their clinical experiences working with patients requiring dietary education. The series covered topics including: general nutrition and how diet and nutrition affects cardiovascular, GI, renal, and endocrine diseases. The students were given a 10 question pre- and post-test survey assessing their knowledge of nutrition related to the body system being discussed, their perception of the role of the physician in nutrition education, and their perception of nutrition as a part of improving health and preventing disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students particularly appreciated the sessions presented by registered dietitians and a medical student in their clinical phase. Based on the pre-survey results, only 26.9% of students strongly agreed or agreed they felt confident in their ability to counsel and educate patients on diet and nutrition vs 79.10% on the post-survey. In addition, 64.7% of students strongly agreed or agreed that they understood the role of the dietitian prior to the session compared to 92.5% following the session.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nutrition education provided by a senior medical student in conjunction with a registered dietitian represents an opportunity to provide medical students entering clerkships, an interdisciplinary experience that increases their confidence to discuss diet with patients and broadens their understanding of the dietitian's role in patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 9","pages":"408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Scholars' Research Symposium Abstract: Effects of the Calcineurin Mediated Immunosuppressant Cyclosporine on Binge Alcohol Drinking and Stress Responsivity in Mice.","authors":"Brock G Goeden","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Binge-drinking behavior is a prevalent and costly burden that many face. To expand potential treatments for alcohol use disorder and improve treatment efficacy, calcineurin (CN) inhibiting cyclosporine A (CsA) is investigated as a potential treatment for this disorder based on a neuroinflammation-driven approach to addictive behaviors and stress maladaptation. CsA has previously been shown to reduce binge-drinking behaviors, and this study aims to provide a connection between binge-drinking reduction and stress response to the expression of the neuroinflammasome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CamKIIa and CRF neuronal CN knockout mice were characterized for knockout of CN expression through immunohistochemistry and RNA scope imaging of selected brain regions. Others from this cohort were then subjected to 6-week binge-drinking behavioral experiments in the format of \"Drinking-in-the-Dark\" (DID). Experimental mice were tracked for ethanol intake overtime and following injection of either vehicle only intraperitoneal injection or CsA and vehicle injection for any changes. These transgenic mice were separately subjected to 1-hour restraint stress experiments with exposure to either CsA or vehicle only. These cohorts were sacrificed with their brain tissue harvested and microdissected for rtPCR characterization of inflammatory gene products. Expression of CD45, COX- 2, CYC, Iba-1, IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a, ACTB, CCL2, and CCR2 was quantified. The expression for CsA exposed mice was then compared to vehicle-only mice through the log2 fold change analysis for final comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immunohistochemistry with RNA scope imaging for calcineurin expression revealed widespread CN knockout in the experimental lineage. CN knockout revealed no effect on ethanol consumption in DID models for both CamkIIa and CRF neuronal CN knockout compared to wild type. CsA did still induce a large reduction in ethanol intake for both lines of CN knockout mice compared to baseline. In the restraint stress study, rtPCR log2 fold analysis revealed that CsA reduced a wide-range of stress-induced neuroinflammatory markers. Specifically, the authors observed a generalized reduction in inflammatory gene expression with IL-1b seeing a nearly 6-fold decrease in both the central nucleus of the amygdala as well as the paraventricular nucleus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of normal baseline drinking behaviors and improved parameters following treatment with CsA in wild type and neuronal CN knockout lineages indicate that CN at the level of neurons is not responsible for CsA-induced reduction in binge-drinking behavior. These findings, in conjunction with the reduction of neuroinflammatory gene product expression, implicate glial cells as possibly responsible for these changes. Further investigation into glia cell specific CN knockout is warranted under similar conditions. Ultimately, these findings improve the ch","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 9","pages":"407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Scholars' Research Symposium Abstract: Food Security During Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes.","authors":"Narysse Nicolet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the United States, offspring outcomes of preterm birth and low birth weight contribute to numerous infant health complications and healthcare costs. Food insecurity during the prenatal period may negatively impact maternal and child health, though limited research exists investigating this unique independent relationship. Especially amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, which elevated rates of food insecurity, it is necessary to understand food insecurity as a unique stressor with a potential relationship to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Using a large diverse prospective cohort of pregnant people in South Dakota, this study investigated the independent relationship between FI and infant outcomes, early gestational age and low birth weight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 1,478 pregnant people were obtained from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes in the Northern Plains PASS-ECHO study in South Dakota from 2020-2023. Maternal and infant outcomes were obtained through a hierarchy of medical record abstraction and self-reported data. Self-reported food insecurity was measured using a modified United States Department of Agriculture food security questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were conducted using SAS software to identify significant relationships between food insecurity and adverse offspring outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the sample, 20.7% (n=306) of pregnant people experienced food insecurity. Unadjusted data in the univariate model showed a statistically significant relationship between earlier gestational age and maternal food insecurity, with food insecure infants born on average around 3 days before food secure infants (p=0.0009), which made the average food insecure infant preterm, less than 37 weeks gestational age. Similarly, there was a statistically significant relationship between low infant birth weight and maternal food insecurity, with food insecure infants weighing 3.3% less than their food-secure counterparts on average (p=0.0203). However, in the multiple linear regression, adjusted for covariates accounting for socioeconomic status, these associations did not remain significant. Elevated pre-pregnancy BMI continued to have a statistically significant association with low birth weight and preterm birth even after adjusting for covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Study findings showed there was no statistically significant association between food insecurity and low birth weight or earlier gestational age in adjusted models despite a statistically significant association existing in unadjusted models. However, elevated pre-pregnancy BMI was independently associated with low birth weight and earlier gestational age and should be investigated further regarding maternal food insecurity during pregnancy. Understanding food insecurity as a social determinant of health has critical consequences for both maternal and child health. ","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 9","pages":"415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Scholars' Research Symposium Abstract: Improving Interactions During Medical Interpretation: An Educational Module for Medical Students.","authors":"Alyssa Reinschmidt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The population with limited English proficiency (LEP) has been growing in the United States, and South Dakota is no exception. As the state and nation diversify, healthcare systems must evolve to serve patients from various cultures and backgrounds. Language differences impact the ability to obtain high-quality healthcare for patients with LEP. As a result, future physicians should be trained to utilize interpretation services successfully and appropriately, beginning in medical school. This project offered an educational module to first-year medical students at the University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine (SSOM), preparing them to serve patients who do not speak English as their first language.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An educational module was developed through a literature review process and discussions with professionals in medical interpretation, patient care, and diversity and inclusion. The module, which included didactics, live roleplay, and an open discussion, was presented to the class of 2027 at the SSOM in April 2024. The students were asked to take a pre-module and a post-module survey, which evaluated how prepared they felt to work with language services in the clinical setting. A paired t-test examined the differences in the students' perception of their educational environment, attitudes, preparedness, and knowledge regarding working with patients with LEP before and after the presentation of the module.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>68 medical students participated in the session. Results were analyzed using paired t-tests. The results suggest that students a) felt the module better prepared them to work with patients with LEP, t(60) = -10.195, p less than 0.001, b) improved on the knowledge-based portion of the survey, t(62) = -7.132, p less than 0.001, and c) showed improvement in attitudes toward caring for patients with LEP t(61) = -4.413, p less than 0.001 after completing the module. In addition, the results suggested that completion of the module improved the students' perception of the educational environment at SSOM, t(60) = -12.31, p less than 0.001. The results were partially incomplete because some participants did not answer all survey questions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This educational module aimed to train medical students to effectively use interpretation services and better the healthcare patients with LEP will receive in the future. The results indicated that implementing the module improved students' attitudes, knowledge, preparedness, and perception of the educational environment at the SSOM when working with patients with LEP. The current results will be used to enhance the following sessions with the goal of expanding to include a hands-on session in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 9","pages":"422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden In Plain Sight: A Public Health Cross-Sectional Project to Address Syphilis and HIV in South Central South Dakota's Incarcerated Populations.","authors":"Bailey Smith, Holly Gerberding, Anora Henderson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, is a major public health concern, particularly in high-risk populations like incarcerated individuals. Timely diagnosis remains challenging, especially in rural and frontier communities. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of point-of-care (POC) syphilis and HIV testing at the Winner City Jail in South Dakota, a rural correctional facility with a high prevalence of syphilis and HIV risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This 12-week cross-sectional study (October 2 to December 19, 2024) tested new intakes from nine counties without prior syphilis or HIV history. POC testing was performed using the Chembio DPP HIV-Syphilis immunoassay, followed by confirmatory testing (RPR for syphilis, NAAT for HIV). Demographic and risk factor data were collected via interviews, and treatment was administered based on diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 112 individuals tested, seven (6.3%) had reactive syphilis results, all confirmed by RPR testing. One individual tested positive for HIV on POC, but negative on confirmatory testing. Most syphilis cases were late latent stages (86%), and all were asymptomatic. Risk factors included unprotected sex, substance use, and prior incarceration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>POC testing effectively identified syphilis and HIV in a rural correctional setting, enabling early diagnosis and treatment. While the Chembio test was highly accurate for syphilis, the false positive for HIV emphasizes the importance of confirmatory testing. Expanding this approach to other correctional facilities could reduce STI transmission in high-risk populations. Further studies are needed to assess long-term outcomes and expand testing to other STIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 8","pages":"374-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beef Tallow and Beyond: Confronting Dermatologic Misinformation with Compassion and Cultural Fluency.","authors":"Kianna Thelen, Mandi Greenway","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39219,"journal":{"name":"South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association","volume":"78 8","pages":"339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}