Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Self-assessment and self-perception of the body in 18-year-old girls.","authors":"Karolina N Ziora-Jakutowicz, Wojciech Pałasz, Piotr Gorczyca, Katarzyna Ziora","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2023.133313","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pedm.2023.133313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies focusing on self-perception of one's body usually cover subjects with eating disorders. There is a lack of similar studies.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Conducting survey research on self-assessment and self-perception of one's own body in girls.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A survey was conducted in 1047 female students (average age: 18 years ±0.25) focusing on self-assessment and self-perception of their body mass, body parts, and eating habits. The study subjects were divided into groups of normal weight, obese, and underweight according to their BMI and BMI-SDS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were twice as many girls dissatisfied with their body weight in the underweight group and 10 times as many in the obese group. 8% of girls with normal body weight perceived their body as overweight. 70% of subjects with a normal body weight and ca. 25% of obese thought they were obese in the area of the abdomen, hips, buttocks, and thighs. Fear of gaining weight was characteristic most often for girls with abnormal body weight who confessed to eating disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>1. Most 18-year-old girls do not demonstrate any symptoms of distorted body self-perception; a vast majority of girls with normal body weight exaggerate the shapes of body parts, which causes them to undertake measures aiming to lose weight. Only a quarter of obese subjects perceive their individual body parts as obese, which might result in their lack of motivation to lose weight. 2. It is necessary to introduce healthy lifestyle educators in schools to prevent ED and obesity in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"29 4","pages":"237-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10826689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents with type 1 diabetes - a single-centre observational study.","authors":"Dawid Goncerz, Edyta Mazurek, Marta Piasny, Anna Surówka, Jerzy B Starzyk, Małgorzata Wójcik, Marta Makara-Studzińska","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2023.133121","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pedm.2023.133121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) significantly affects the everyday functioning of the child and its family. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety and estimate their potential association with various clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>59 adolescents with T1DM (age 15-18) and their parents answered validated questionnaires (Children's Depression Inventory 2, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and a survey assessing everyday functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in the occurrence of symptoms of depression in children and their parents (p = 0.975), but significant differences were found for anxiety. The distribution of the sten X1 and X2 values of adolescents and parents were different (p = 0.021 and p = 0.001, respectively). Girls were characterized by a higher level of depression both based on the overall score (p = 0.010) and the emotional problems (p = 0.022), and functional problems (p = 0.012). There was no significant correlation between diabetes duration time, glycaemic control, the occurrence of acute diabetes complications, and the parameters assessing anxiety and depression. Optimal glycaemic control, defined as HbA1c below 6.5% and TIR above 70%, was associated with sex (p = 0.001) and a high level of functional problems (p = 0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the studied population, adolescent girls with T1DM presented depressive symptoms more often than boys, and anxiety symptoms in adolescents were described more frequently by parents than by the teenagers themselves. Higher HbA1c was correlated with a higher level of functional problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"29 4","pages":"231-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10826696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The positive impact of lifestyle intervention on selected mio- and chemokines levels in prepubertal children with obesity.","authors":"Agnieszka Kozioł-Kozakowska,&nbsp;Małgorzata Wójcik,&nbsp;Dominika Januś,&nbsp;Jerzy Starzyk","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2023.127273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2023.127273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is proven that life style modification (diet and physical exercises) have positive effect on the metabolic functions in pa-tients with obesity, even without significant weight reduction.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>The objective of the present study was to check whether the intensive controlled lifestyle intervention (personalized diet modification and monitored, regular physical activity) may have positive impact on the concentration of irisin and chemerin in children with obesity.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty children (mean age 8.9) were included in the prospective, cross-over study. They were randomly assigned to group A (with three months intensive intervention), and B (standard intervention). After three months, the groups were switched.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean irisin level increased significantly after the phase of intensive intervention (4.8 to 5.1 µg/ml; p = 0.03), regardless of whether the intervention was applied from the beginning (Group A) or after 3 months from the advice of healthy-lifestyle (Group B). A period without intensive monitoring was associated with a significant reduction of irisin level. For chemerin in the group A (starting from intensive intervention) mean level decreased after the phase of intensive intervention (65.8 to 57.0 ng/ml), and then increased to 67 ng/ml during the standard intervention. In the group B after the standard intervention period chemerin level increased 67.5 to 68.8 ng/ml (p = 0.03), and then after introduction the intensive intervention de-creased to 63.7 ng/ml.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Personalized diet modification and regular, daily exercises may positively influence on the levels of irisin and chemerin.</p>","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"29 2","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/32/PEDM-29-50657.PMC10411087.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41152891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ze’ev Hochberg (August 10, 1946 – January 5, 2023)","authors":"A. Gawlik","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2023.126458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2023.126458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83110674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of repeated pain exposure on morning salivary cortisol in term and preterm neonates.","authors":"Marta Olszewska,&nbsp;Przemko Kwinta","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2022.121370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2022.121370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Introduction: Because neonates in the intensive care units (ICU) experience recurrent stress due to painful medical procedures, they are at risk of dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Aim of the study: To evaluate the influence of repeated pain exposure on morning salivary cortisol (SC) in newborns admitted to the ICU.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The neonates were divided into 3 groups: term (370/7-416/7 weeks), moderate to late preterm (320/7-366/7 weeks), and very preterm (< 320/7 weeks). The hospital stay was prospectively monitored for the number of the most common medical procedures. At least 2 saliva samples for morning SC were collected after completion of 35 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA) in preterm infants and before discharge in term neonates. The results of SC were compared with the reference intervals for healthy term newborns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group consisted of 57 patients: 21 term, 17 moderate to late preterm, and 19 very preterm neonates. Very preterm neonates obtained the highest values of mean morning SC in comparison to moderate to late preterm and term infants (3.83 [1.67-8.81] ng/ml vs. 2.44 [1.94-4.38] ng/ml vs. 2.15 [1.5-5.25] ng/ml, p = 0.45). The relationship between mean morning SC and the number of invasive blood samplings was found only in term newborns (Rs = -0.44, p < 0.05). 46% of all SC measurements in very preterm, 47% in moderate to late preterm, and 46% in term infants were within the reference intervals for healthy newborns.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High exposure to painful procedures seems to dampen the morning SC in term, but not in preterm infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"29 1","pages":"4-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e9/17/PEDM-29-48232.PMC10226451.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9575315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the novel adipokines vaspin and omentin in chronic inflammatory diseases.","authors":"Joanna Radzik-Zając,&nbsp;Krzysztof Wytrychowski,&nbsp;Andrzej Wiśniewski,&nbsp;Wojciech Barg","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2022.121371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2022.121371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a disease of epidemic proportions in many countries around the world. White adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ; therefore, its excess results in chronic and systemic inflammation. This inflammation is caused and maintained mostly by adipokines secreted by adipose tissue cells, mainly adipocytes and macrophages. The relatively newly discovered adipokines comprise vaspin and omentin. Their concentration in the blood, tissues, or bronchial secretion varies depending on the amount of adipose tissue and other accompanying factors, including comorbidities. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the usefulness of omentin and vaspin as biomarkers in inflammatory diseases. The Medline/PubMed database was used to search for information on obesity, inflammation, omentin, vaspin, and adipose tissue. Data from selected scientific studies, both original and review papers, are presented. Vaspin has been found to improve insulin sensitivity mainly in white adipose tissue. Omentin has an anti-inflammatory effect and, like vaspin, sensitizes tissues to insulin. The serum concentration and tissue expression of both adipokines are different in different inflammatory diseases. This review aims to present the biological functions of vaspin and omentin in the body and to indicate the possible use of these adipokines as disease markers in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"29 1","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/3c/PEDM-29-48233.PMC10226453.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9575317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The obesity pandemic\" in the COVID-19 pandemic - new treatment for an old problem.","authors":"Kalina Fabin-Czepiel,&nbsp;Karolina Pieczyńska-Chapuła,&nbsp;Grażyna Deja","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2023.129342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2023.129342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a worldwide problem, and the fact that it increasingly affects children and adolescents is worrying. The COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions introduced affected the physical activity of children and adolescents, and changed their lifestyle and the amount of time spent in front of screens, which are significant factors correlated with weight gain. Due to the scale of the problem of obesity and overweight, much attention is currently paid to seeking effective forms of therapy in these different, difficult circumstances. Interventions promoting a healthy lifestyle among obese children after the COVID-19 pandemic are particularly important and necessary. This article provides a review of the literature on the recent worsening of obesity in the paediatric population, with particular emphasis on the importance of the COVID-19 pandemic. New methods of fighting obesity with the use of telemedicine and current methods of pharmacotherapy, including new drugs, are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"29 2","pages":"104-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fb/bd/PEDM-29-51055.PMC10411083.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41137220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid metabolism and renal function markers in obese adolescents.","authors":"Aleksandra Radosz,&nbsp;Anna Obuchowicz","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2023.125612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2023.125612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To investigate the relationship of renal function markers and lipid metabolism parameters in obese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study comprised 76 children aged 11-17 years, hospitalised due to: obesity (group I - 19 children) or obesity accompanied by obesity-induced hypertension (group II - 30 children) or normosthenic children with a diagnosed tension headaches (control group - 27 children). A subgroup with metabolic syndrome (MS - 16 children) was also separated. Renal function was assessed on the basis of: serum creatinine concentration, glomerular filtration rate estimated using Schwartz eqation (eGFR), determination of plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C. On the basis of statistical analysis, it was checked whether renal function markers depend on lipid metabolism parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study groups mean creatinine concentrations were significantly higher and eGFR values significantly lower than in the control group, but they remained within norm. Differences in plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations were not significant. Mean cystatin C concentrations were significantly higher in the group of obese children. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the most important predictor was: LDL-C for urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (R2 = 0.42) and TG for eGFR (R2 = 0.44) concentrations in group I; cholesterol for creatinine concentrations in MS group (R2 = 0.44).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Renal function of the obese adolescents included in the study was normal and the associations with lipid metabolism were poorly expressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"29 2","pages":"91-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bd/7d/PEDM-29-50266.PMC10411080.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41158503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The incidence of insulin resistance based on indices calculated using the HOMA and Belfiore methods and its impact on the occurrence of metabolic complications in prepubertal children born small for gestational age","authors":"Anna Łupińska, Renata Stawerska, Małgorzata Szałapska, Marzena Kolasa-Kicińska, Krzysztof Jeziorny, Wojciech Stawerski, Sara Aszkiełowicz, Andrzej Lewiński","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2023.130027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2023.130027","url":null,"abstract":"AMA Łupińska A, Stawerska R, Szałapska M, et al. The incidence of insulin resistance based on indices calculated using the HOMA and Belfiore methods and its impact on the occurrence of metabolic complications in prepubertal children born small for gestational age. Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism. 2023;29(3):175-183. doi:10.5114/pedm.2023.130027. APA Łupińska, A., Stawerska, R., Szałapska, M., Kolasa-Kicińska, M., Jeziorny, K., & Stawerski, W. et al. (2023). The incidence of insulin resistance based on indices calculated using the HOMA and Belfiore methods and its impact on the occurrence of metabolic complications in prepubertal children born small for gestational age. Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, 29(3), 175-183. https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2023.130027 Chicago Łupińska, Anna, Renata Stawerska, Małgorzata Szałapska, Marzena Kolasa-Kicińska, Krzysztof Jeziorny, Wojciech Stawerski, and Sara Aszkiełowicz et al. 2023. \"The incidence of insulin resistance based on indices calculated using the HOMA and Belfiore methods and its impact on the occurrence of metabolic complications in prepubertal children born small for gestational age\". Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 29 (3): 175-183. doi:10.5114/pedm.2023.130027. Harvard Łupińska, A., Stawerska, R., Szałapska, M., Kolasa-Kicińska, M., Jeziorny, K., Stawerski, W., Aszkiełowicz, S., and Lewiński, A. (2023). The incidence of insulin resistance based on indices calculated using the HOMA and Belfiore methods and its impact on the occurrence of metabolic complications in prepubertal children born small for gestational age. Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, 29(3), pp.175-183. https://doi.org/10.5114/pedm.2023.130027 MLA Łupińska, Anna et al. \"The incidence of insulin resistance based on indices calculated using the HOMA and Belfiore methods and its impact on the occurrence of metabolic complications in prepubertal children born small for gestational age.\" Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, vol. 29, no. 3, 2023, pp. 175-183. doi:10.5114/pedm.2023.130027. Vancouver Łupińska A, Stawerska R, Szałapska M, Kolasa-Kicińska M, Jeziorny K, Stawerski W et al. The incidence of insulin resistance based on indices calculated using the HOMA and Belfiore methods and its impact on the occurrence of metabolic complications in prepubertal children born small for gestational age. Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism. 2023;29(3):175-183. doi:10.5114/pedm.2023.130027.","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135662032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower percentages of natural killer cells in children with type 1 diabetes and their siblings.","authors":"Joanna Sieniawska, Aleksandra Krzewska, Anna Skowronek, Wiktoria Wrobel, Zaklina Tomczyk, Emilia Pach, Iga Rosolowska, Barbara Wilczynska, Iwona Beń-Skowronek","doi":"10.5114/pedm.2023.132029","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pedm.2023.132029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>One of the most common children's endocrine and autoimmune diseases in the world is type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The incidence of type 1 diabetes is constantly increasing, and according to current estimates, the number of children with T1DM in the world has exceeded 542,000. There are 3 main components emphasized in the pathogenesis: genetic and environmental factors, and the patient's immune system. Many publications have confirmed the role of natural killer cells (NK) in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune diseases.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the population of NK cells and pancreatic β cell autoantibodies in a group of children with T1DM and their healthy siblings in comparison with children from families with no history of autoimmune diseases.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The research included 76 children with T1DM, 101 children from the sibling group, and 30 children from the control group. Peripheral blood was analysed on a FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson) to evaluate the NK cell population. The results were presented as the percentage of NK cells among lymphocytes. Statistical analysis was performed using STATIS-TICA 10 PL software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean percentage of NK cells in children with T1D (10.59 ±5.37) and in the sibling group (11.93 ±5.62) was statistically reduced in comparison to the control group (14.89 ±7.78) in sequence (Student's t -test: t = -3.24; df = 103; p = 0.002) (Stu-dent's t -test: t = -2.30; df = 128; p = 0.02). There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of NK cells be-tween the group of children with T1DM and their siblings (Student's t -test: t = -1.59; df = 173; p = 0.11). In the group of sib-lings, the younger the child, the lower the reported percentage of NK cells. This relationship was statistically significant (test for the Pearson correlation coefficient t = 3.41; p = 0.0009; r = 0.33). In the group of children with type 1 diabetes, a similar relationship was not found. The concentration of anti-IA2 and anti-Znt8 antibodies was statistically significantly higher in the sibling group compared to the control group (anti-IA2 p = 0.0000001; anti-ZnT8 p = 0.00001), and the concentration of anti-GAD antibodies was comparable in both groups. In the group of children with type 1 diabetes, a positive correlation was demonstrated between the reduced percentage of NK cells and the coexistence of anti-GAD and anti-ZnT8 antibodies (Mann-Whitney U test Z = -2.02; p = 0.04). There was no similar relationship in the group of siblings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The reduced percentage of NK cells in children with T1DM and in their siblings compared to the control group suggests the role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of T1DM. Genetic predisposition and dysfunction of NK cells probably underlie the pathogenesis of T1DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":39165,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism","volume":"29 4","pages":"214-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10826694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}