The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book最新文献_第5页

Image Transfer and Visual Friction: Staging Palestine in the National Socialist Spectacle 影像转移与视觉摩擦:在国家社会主义景观中呈现巴勒斯坦

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBY022

Rebekka Grossmann

{"title":"Image Transfer and Visual Friction: Staging Palestine in the National Socialist Spectacle","authors":"Rebekka Grossmann","doi":"10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBY022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBY022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article highlights modes of image transfer between photographers in Palestine and photo agencies and editors in 1930s Europe. It argues that Jewish photographers—who had shaped the central European photographic and photojournalistic scene before 1933, and were now excluded from it—continued to influence the international news and press market through their works. Palestine, a place to which several of these journalists fled, had been known in the European spectacle as the timeless ‘Holy Land’; now, through political upheavals, it entered the news. The photographic documents of the clashes between Arabs, Jews, and British troops during the 1930s and taken by German-Jewish photographers in exile became valuable commodities internationally and entered a plethora of national markets, including that of National Socialist Germany. Many of the photographers who had been banned from the German photojournalistic scene in fact remained part of the visual discourse negotiated in German illustrated newspapers. The experience of exile of the photographers and photo agents involved in the international image transfer of photographs from Palestine can be seen as a catalyst for the contingencies in international photo trade, the loss of control of news photographs, and ultimately the crossing of the aesthetic and artistic borders of National Socialist Germany, which were believed to be closed to outside influences. The various views and the ways in which they were used trigger questions about the nature of the photographic gaze and the possibility or impossibility of distorting visual content via textual frameworks in photo essays and newspaper articles.","PeriodicalId":391272,"journal":{"name":"The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115783238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Chalutzim—Zionist Photography in Germany and Palestine in the 1930s: A Comparative Analysis of Images 20世纪30年代德国和巴勒斯坦的查卢茨姆-犹太复国主义摄影:图像的比较分析

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/leobaeck/ybz009

Ulrike Pilarczyk

引用次数: 0

Crossing Borders in the Summer of 1935: Fritz Fürstenberg’s Photographs of Persecution in National Socialist Germany 1935年夏天的越境:弗里茨·弗尔斯滕伯格在国家社会主义德国的迫害照片

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ002

Christoph Kreutzmüller, Theresia Ziehe

引用次数: 1

German Jews between Freud, Marx, and Halakha: Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Erich Fromm, and the Psychoanalysis of Jewish Ritual in 1920s Heidelberg1 弗洛伊德、马克思和哈拉卡之间的德国犹太人:弗里达·弗洛姆-莱希曼、埃里希·弗洛姆和20世纪20年代海德堡犹太仪式的精神分析1

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ008

P. Lerner

{"title":"German Jews between Freud, Marx, and Halakha: Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Erich Fromm, and the Psychoanalysis of Jewish Ritual in 1920s Heidelberg1","authors":"P. Lerner","doi":"10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This essay explores the psychoanalytic sanitarium (Therapeutikum) directed by Frieda Fromm-Reichmann and Erich Fromm in Heidelberg from 1924 to 1928. The Therapeutikum aimed to combine adherence to Jewish ritual with psychoanalytic practice and radical politics for a group of German Jews who were rethinking their Orthodox backgrounds in light of new intellectual and political currents and modern sensibilities. Visitors to the sanitarium included many leading German-Jewish thinkers, and Heidelberg’s proximity to Frankfurt placed the Therapeutikum in the orbit of the Institute for Social Research and near a major hub in the renaissance of Jewish learning then occurring. At the centre of the article is a discussion of essays by Fromm-Reichmann and Fromm that subjected Jewish ritual (kashrut and shabbat) to psychoanalytic investigation. Appearing in Imago in 1927, the articles marked the two writers’ public break with Orthodox Judaism. This essay argues that the Imago articles marked a crucial moment in the political, intellectual, and religious history of German Jewry. Even if the Fromms’ synthesis of Freudianism, radical politics, and Judaism was conceptually shaky, their sanitarium illustrates the centrality of psychoanalysis—as a sensibility, a hermeneutic and above all a way of creating social and communal bonds—to a generation of German Jews navigating the challenges of German and Jewish modernity.","PeriodicalId":391272,"journal":{"name":"The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124301675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Politics, Liberal Idealism and Jewish Life in Nineteenth-Century Vienna: The Formative Years of Heinrich Jaques (1831–1894)1 19世纪维也纳的政治、自由理想主义和犹太人生活:海因里希·雅克的成长岁月(1831-1894

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ007

Jonathan Kwan

{"title":"Politics, Liberal Idealism and Jewish Life in Nineteenth-Century Vienna: The Formative Years of Heinrich Jaques (1831–1894)1","authors":"Jonathan Kwan","doi":"10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article addresses the formative years of the liberal parliamentarian Heinrich Jaques (1831–1894). It traces his family life, social world, education, professional career, and public activities prior to his election to parliament in 1879. The focus is on Jaques's personal perspective as he negotiated various events and influences. The article argues that the combined effects of the 1848–49 revolutions and an intense engagement with German humanist classics forged a strong loyalty and commitment to liberal values. This was manifested both in politics (as a belief in liberal reforms to Austria) and in everyday life (as guiding principles in daily conduct). For Jaques’s generation in particular, the possibility of emancipation, integration, and acceptance was a goal to strive towards. Jaques pursued and articulated this vision in his writings and activities. His impressive achievements in the 1860s and 1870s are an example of the energy and hope of many Jews during the liberal era. For a number of reasons—economic downturn, widening democracy, a mobilized Catholic Church, resentment towards the liberal elites—antisemitism became an increasingly powerful factor in politics from the 1880s onwards. For Jaques and his fellow liberal Jews, the effect was profound. History and progress no longer seemed to be on the side of liberalism and Jewish integration. Nevertheless, for a certain milieu, the dreams of liberal humanism remained a strong and guiding presence in their lives.","PeriodicalId":391272,"journal":{"name":"The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122049261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Family Frames as Exile Photography 家庭框架作为流亡摄影

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ003

Talila Kosh-Zohar

引用次数: 0

Cute Jews: Modernist Photographic Forms and Minor Aesthetic Categories in ‘Jüdische Kinder in Erez Israel. Ein Fotobuch’ 可爱的犹太人:以色列埃雷兹的“jj<e:1> dische Kinder”中的现代主义摄影形式和次要审美类别。静脉Fotobuch”

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ005

Daniel H. Magilow

{"title":"Cute Jews: Modernist Photographic Forms and Minor Aesthetic Categories in ‘Jüdische Kinder in Erez Israel. Ein Fotobuch’","authors":"Daniel H. Magilow","doi":"10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Jüdische Kinder in Erez Israel was the last overtly Jewish-themed photobook published in Germany before the Holocaust. Although it consists only of a six-page introduction by the scholar-activist Bertha Badt-Strauß, one page of captions, and twenty-one photographs by photographer Nachum ‘Tim’ Gidal of adorable young children in Mandatory Palestine, its propaganda mission transcends its diminutive size and surface superficiality. This article interprets this photobook as an example of the photo essay, a modernist form that emerged from Weimar Germany’s unique media environment, in which photographs assumed rhetorical and argumentative functions generally associated with written language. To encourage German Jews and particularly German-Jewish women to emigrate, Jüdische Kinder in Erez Israel creates an allegory of the children’s vulnerability by eliciting responses associated with the minor aesthetic category of ‘cuteness’. To this end, it draws on two important photo essay genres of interwar Germany: photobooks and illustrated magazine photostories about cute children and about Palestine. By synthesizing these discourses, Gidal and Badt-Strauß create a cultural artifact that aims to establish positive, affective relationships between German-Jewish readers and Mandatory Palestine, and to convince the former to visualize and embrace the latter as they might imagine their own children. In this way, Jüdische Kinder in Erez Israel broadens our understandings of both the media constellation from which photo essays emerged, and how this form helped broaden the visual lexicon and aesthetic strategies central to the project of Jewish cultural and political regeneration.","PeriodicalId":391272,"journal":{"name":"The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130043703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Despite the Holocaust: Rebuilding Jewish Life in Germany after 1945* 尽管大屠杀:重建1945年后德国犹太人的生活*

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ001

Andrea A. Sinn

{"title":"Despite the Holocaust: Rebuilding Jewish Life in Germany after 1945*","authors":"Andrea A. Sinn","doi":"10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In 1945, the return of Jewish life to Germany was by no means a foregone conclusion. Aiming to understand the developments that laid the groundwork for a long-term continuation of Jewish life in post-Holocaust Germany, this paper discusses the difficult process of rebuilding Jewish institutions in ‘the land of the perpetrators’ during the first two decades after the Second World War. Particularly significant are the essential contributions of two high-profile representatives of this minority to the process of renewing Jewish life in Germany following the Holocaust. By creating a sense of unity among the different Jewish groups and securing financial and practical support essential to the revival of Jewish life in the Federal Republic, the first General Secretary of the Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland (Central Council of Jews in Germany), Dr Hendrik G. van Dam, and the journalist and chief editor of the German-Jewish newspaper known today as Jüdische Allgemeine, Karl Marx, played a key role in establishing Jewish institutions. These helped to convey a sense of permanency—a central factor for ensuring a continuation of Jewish life in the years and decades to come.","PeriodicalId":391272,"journal":{"name":"The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127910700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In memoriam Helene Weyl: A sketch, not so much of Hella as of our life together, written at the end of June 1948 纪念海伦·韦尔:1948年6月底写的一篇小品，与其说是关于海拉，不如说是关于我们在一起的生活

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBY023

H. Weyl

引用次数: 0

Exile at Home: Jewish Amateur Photography under National Socialism, 1933–1939 流亡在家:1933-1939年国家社会主义时期的犹太业余摄影

The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ006

Ofer Ashkenazi

{"title":"Exile at Home: Jewish Amateur Photography under National Socialism, 1933–1939","authors":"Ofer Ashkenazi","doi":"10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/LEOBAECK/YBZ006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Between 1933 and 1939, Ludwig Simon and his family avidly photographed their daily life. At first glance, their photo albums contain undistinguishable documentation of conventional family routines, including leisure activities at home, encounters with relatives, and vacations away from the city. Yet a closer look shows that many of the photographs in this collection can be read as contemplative responses to the intensifying exclusion of Jews in the Third Reich. The article focuses on photographs that were (repeatedly) taken in two major locations: on the Alps, during vacations, and by the family home in Bingen am Rhein, which Ludwig left when he moved to Berlin in the 1920s. I argue that these photographs manifest an enduring endeavour to reflect critically on the tensions between Jewish belonging and estrangement in the new Germany. Constantly engaged in a dialogue with the (private and public) visual memory of the time—from restaging photographs of previous years to appropriating the visual iconography of German nationalism—the Simon family photographers recurrently negotiated the perspective of the outcasts at home. In analysing these strategies of photography, and of the arrangement of individual photographs within the collection, this article reads them within the paradigm of exile photography. As the Simon family collection demonstrates, the extension of this paradigm to cases of ‘exile-at-home’ enriches our understanding of the German-Jewish experience under National Socialist rule.","PeriodicalId":391272,"journal":{"name":"The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3