City, Culture and Society最新文献

{"title":"“The land will stay”: Lessons for inclusive, self-organizing housing projects","authors":"Robin V. Hueppe (MSc)","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2022.100441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2022.100441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Self-organized housing projects are a viable alternative to state-led or market-oriented housing. But a critical assessment of prevailing principles of ongoing efforts reveals a need for an institutional framework adaptation to target higher participation rates of low-income households. This research investigates the favela Asa Branca in Rio de Janeiro through the lens of social cohesion to find entry points to such a framework adaptation. Evaluating interviews with residents paired with empirical observations identify an array of tendencies toward or away from its spatial and social consolidation. Understanding the dynamics can explain Asa Branca's persistence despite disruptive events in its history. Seven lessons eventually derive principles for policymakers and housing groups elsewhere to enable a more diverse range of participating households in alternative types of self-organized housing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49063514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive reuse of modern movement car parking structures for controlled environment agriculture: Results from an interview study for the innovative design process in cities","authors":"Monika Szopińska-Mularz","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adaptive reuse is an increasingly important part of sustainable urban regeneration. However, up-cycling a building whose architectural features are strongly connected to its original function and new use is perceived as an innovation in cities is challenging due to stakeholders' perceived uncertainties and risks. This article explores and assesses the stakeholders' knowledge and perceptions of repurposing inner-city modern movement car parking structures for controlled environment agriculture (CEA). For this purpose, 15 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders were conducted and analysed. The methodology allowed addressing the design approaches at the initial stage of the proposed adaptive reuse through defining the planning, architectural and environmental criteria that the process should meet in order to increase the acceptance and viability of such an innovative change in cities. The results show that the planning phase should explore planning documents and analyse how the opportunities and limitations of such retrofit may influence meeting the city's objectives. In the architectural phase, a modern movement garage should be analysed through identified opportunities or limitations to define modifications required for the implementation and efficient operation of CEA installations and associated facilities. The environmental phase should investigate the possibilities and constraints of a car parking structure to reduce the use of urban resources and implement sustainable technologies that increase the retrofit's environmental viability. The findings indicate that the planning, architectural and environmental categories are interrelated. It is recommended to include the developed data in a guiding tool that would constitute a viable foundation for the proposed innovative up-cycling design management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877916621000588/pdfft?md5=ca6e26fc185fec1c51bbfa32fad7371b&pid=1-s2.0-S1877916621000588-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42571000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The death and life of Australian suburbs: Relationships between social activity and the physical qualities of Australian suburban neighbourhood centres","authors":"Leila Mahmoudi Farahani ,&nbsp;Parisa Izadpanahi ,&nbsp;Richard Tucker","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This paper reports on research into social activity<span> in commercial/retail centres in Australian low-density suburbs. While low-density suburbs have been criticised for declining vitality and sociability, some commercial/retail precincts still thrive there. This study sought to determine the relationship between the physical qualities of the built environment and social activity in such thriving suburban neighbourhood centres. Three areas in Geelong, Victoria, were studied as representative of three common forms of Australian suburban commercial/retail centre. First, behavioural observations identified which of the three centres was the most vital and sociable. Next, semi-structured interviews with users of that centre who resided in its containing suburb explored perceptions of the environment to identify the physical features that contributed to its social affordances. The findings suggest that diversity of uses is key to the vibrancy of commercial centres. Walkability, perceptions of safety and physical qualities such as landscaping, good </span></span>pedestrian pathways and pavement dining were also found to contribute to vitality. Importantly, it appears that in neighbourhoods with high transient populations, residents do not associate these types of socially active environments with sense of community.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45521085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competing in the creative industries: Two-sided networks and the case of Hollywood","authors":"John Schoales","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores whether the dominance of leading creative centres can be explained by two-sided markets. It is proposed that two-sided networks contribute to a high level of geographic concentration. The Hollywood film industry is used as an example of how contrasting forces tend to shape the structure of the creation and the production/distribution components of creative industries. This results in two separate but symbiotic groups. The mutual attraction of these groups creates a strong incentive for producers/distributors and creative artists to co-locate. This implies that success in creative industries may require an approach appropriate to a two-sided model. Attraction and inclusion are central to this approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48387352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capital city boosterism as policy legitimation: A discursive perspective of Egypt's New Administrative Capital","authors":"Charles Wharton Kaye-Essien,&nbsp;Shahjahan Bhuiyan","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This article examines the legitimation of capital city relocation from a discursive perspective. It specifically focuses on how policymakers in developing countries often use boosters' language to legitimize the relocation of capital city functions. Drawing on </span>critical discourse analysis as a theoretical frame and Egypt as a case, this article examines the ways in which government and property developers have succeeded in weaving the logics of the New Administrative Capital (NAC) into Greater Cairo's broader development discourse. The study highlights policy actors' legitimation strategies, locating them within the broader urban boosterism and south-south policy transfer literature. By emphasizing on policy actors' use of texts and imagery at the local level, the article demonstrates how discourse, as an instrument of power and control, is used by policy entrepreneurs to perpetuate non-participation in Global South urban policy-making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49625093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Street performers and donations in an online environment in the wake of COVID-19","authors":"Meg Elkins,&nbsp;Tim R.L. Fry","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) has meant that street performers can no longer perform on the street. This has changed the landscape for the exchange for money between a street performer and their audience. The paper uses a unique data set from the online busking platform ‘The Busking Project’ (<span>https://busk.co</span><svg><path></path></svg>) to analyse whether sign up by performers to the platform and donation by individuals to street performers through the platform has changed since the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The results show a lift both in street performers signing up to the platform and in individuals' donations to street performers after the announcement. The recovery of cities and the cultural economy from COVID-19 will not be immediate. As we move to a post COVID-19 world our results have implications for performers, for donors and for (local) governments as street performers return to the street.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877916621000680/pdfft?md5=18a78bb090a0f47cbd598d1da8b8db93&pid=1-s2.0-S1877916621000680-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41423199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Place is memory: A framework for placemaking in the case of the human rights memorials in Buenos Aires","authors":"Marco Cremaschi","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a long tradition in urban studies made clear, the production of urban space is twofold: users continuously reshape what a contentious political process produces at first. The struggle around conflictual memories invests cities increasingly by marking spots or reshaping places to reconstruct or re-signify past events.</p><p>The politics of memory deploy a combination of argumentative, emotional and ordinary arguments. The intent is neither preserving nor deleting but re-writing memories. However, places interfere with the political and argumentative strategies making room for ordinary uses that question the stability of meanings, although not providing political answers to the issues of power and domination.</p><p>The paper introduces sense-making to suggest that places reinforce the social processes that build collective memories. The relationship between memory and place is not unidirectional. Briefly, a social process infuses place and this latter ‘hits back’. This statement leads to the apparent odd conclusion that, in the long term, place-making is as essential as the reframing of memory.</p><p>A few initiatives involving institutions, human rights movements and bottom-up initiatives in Buenos Aires are investigated: a clandestine detention centre, a memorial garden, an ordinary urban square, aiming at developing an analytical framework that highlights the details of the sense-making mechanism linking memories and places.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41333819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What it means to live in spatially diverse neighbourhoods: Understanding the socio-spatial ruptures and fortresses in Temuco","authors":"Augustine Yaw Asuah ,&nbsp;Antonio Zumelzu","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study interrogates and evaluates how current transformations in Temuco's neighbourhoods promote social and spatial diversity-in terms of the mix of land uses, housing types, urban activities, and socioeconomic characteristics of residents. Based on neighbourhood classification criteria by the National Institute of Statistics of Chile (INE), two neighbourhoods (Villa Llaima and Banco Estado1-Carabineros) in Temuco were selected for detailed study. Both spatial and Social Variables data were collected using land use maps and structured individual interviews with 100 households in the two communities. By measuring spatial and social diversity in the neighbourhoods based on Shannon's Diversity Index, the study showed that the transformations of Villa Llaima and Banco Estado1-Carabineros between 1990 and 2018 represent social and spatial dimensions of diverse urban spaces. However, However, the diversities generated have not been work out to improve connectedness and social cohesion in the two neighbourhoods. The lack of development control at the neighbourhood level, the lack of appropriate codes to address the land use mix, and the lack of neighbourhood review of projects were identified as factors contributing to the poor state of neighbourhood cohesion. Policy recommendations are offered for improving and leveraging existing diversity for place-making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100399","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45547606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring implicit and explicit cultural policy dimensions through major-event and neoliberal rhetoric","authors":"Rafaela Neiva Ganga ,&nbsp;Nicholas Wise ,&nbsp;Marko Perić","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This paper is conceptually positions the emergence of the neoliberal city in the context of transitions to late-capitalism. The aim of this study is to understand intersections between explicit and implicit cultural policy dimensions focusing on the Rijeka2020 programme as intended and how it was restructured as a response to COVID-19. Through cultural policy analysis, this ex-ante qualitative case study of the Rijeka2020 programme illuminates overlapping explicit and implicit policy priorities of the ECoC—offering a unique insight into what could potentially be the future of the European cultural policy. Rijeka2020 can be seen as a changing point amidst different rhetoric, analysed around three themes (regeneration, legacy, and participation). Results examine how Rijeka's culture-led urban regeneration agenda was shy on creative </span>industry oriented programming, yet reinforced through capital cultural infrastructural projects. Through attempts to avoid event-led spectacle, officials planned to engage more at the neighbourhood-scale using participatory art practices that concentrated on capacity building. Important take-away points address shifts from culture-oriented regeneration to local participatory art practices is a step towards reconstructing the cultural sector upstream (based on production) and downstream (through reception).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48461884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of the territorial field of art in a post-socialist city. Distribution patterns of private contemporary art galleries in Krakow, Poland, between 1989 and 2019","authors":"Jarosław Działek","doi":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Private art galleries, due to their often short-lived nature stemming from the uncertainties inherent in the art world, constitute a good indicator of changes taking place within the urban space. The spatial patterns of their locations are the outcome of an interplay between the spatial choices of individual entities that respond to opportunities and constraints in different parts of the city. Such spatial patterns also reflect artistic hierarchies and oppositions within the field of visual arts, where artist-oriented and market-oriented art galleries represent different artistic communities (local, non-local) and generations (younger and aspiring, older and recognized). As a result, distinct art gallery clusters (market-oriented and artist-oriented) emerge and shape into spatial structures, which might be conceptualised as the territorial field of art. This concept is used here in a broad survey of the art gallery landscape of Krakow, a large city in southern Poland. This offers a unique opportunity to follow the development of an art gallery scene in a city widely associated with art and from the very moment when, in 1989, the newly introduced political and economic freedoms replaced the strict control of the communist regime removing barriers preventing the operation of commercial galleries and non-profit art spaces. The study involved building of a detailed database that enabled tracing the spatial choices (locations and relocations) of art galleries as far back as in the 1980s and then from 1989 to 2019. Along the detailed data review a qualitative analysis of reports in the press and on the internet provided an insight into the spatial contexts and motivations behind spatial decisions during different time periods. Four primary art gallery clusters were identified and their phases of emergence, growth and decline observed over the three decades were found to have been mutually interconnected, as well as linked with the broader functional changes developing in different parts of the inner city and with distinct artistic and spatial preferences of the successive generations of young artists and gallery owners representing them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39061,"journal":{"name":"City, Culture and Society","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ccs.2021.100402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41695992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}