Open Microbiology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Colistin and Rifampin Against Multidrug Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Maryam Mohammadi,&nbsp;Hatef Khayat,&nbsp;Koroush Sayehmiri,&nbsp;Setareh Soroush,&nbsp;Fatemeh Sayehmiri,&nbsp;Somayeh Delfani,&nbsp;Lidija Bogdanovic,&nbsp;Morovat Taherikalani","doi":"10.2174/1874285801711010063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801711010063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The existence of infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a growing problem because of the difficulty to treat them. We examined the published literature and focused our analysis on the investigation of the synergism of colistin and rifampin against MDR <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates <i>via</i> systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed using the following 4 databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE and ISI Web of Sciences). The related articles were evaluated during the period from December 2014 to January 2015. Information based on resistance and sensitivity to antibiotics, the minimum inhibitory concentration and the effects of two antibiotics on each other including synergism, antagonism, relative synergism and additive antagonism were extracted. A meta-analysis of 17 studies including 448 samples was brought into process and 2% (95% CI 0-4%) and 72% (95% CI 56-89%) resistance to colistin and rifampin were observed, respectively. 42% of all isolates showed MIC = 4 µg/ml (95% CI 14-69%) to rifampin and 30% MIC= 2 µg/ml to colistin (95% CI 3.8-78%). MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ for both rifampin and colistin were 2 µg/ml and 4 µg/ml, respectively. 63% of the strains demonstrated synergy (95% CI 37-90%), 7% were highlighted as relative synergism (95% CI 0.0- 13%), 3% showed an additive effect (95% CI -0.0-7%) and 14% were indifferent (95% CI 6-23%). The antagonistic effect was not observed in this combination. Synergy rates of time-kill assay in rifampin and colistin combinations were generally higher than those of check bored microdilution and E-test method. The results demonstrated that the combination therapy could be more useful when compared to monotherapy and that this strategy might reduce the resistance rate to rifampin in MDR <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874285801711010063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35035733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Mechanism of Bacterial Biofilms Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents.","authors":"Shriti Singh,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Indrajit Chowdhury,&nbsp;Rajesh Singh","doi":"10.2174/1874285801711010053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801711010053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A biofilm is a group of microorganisms, that causes health problems for the patients with indwelling medical devices <i>via</i> attachment of cells to the surface matrix. It increases the resistance of a microorganism for antimicrobial agents and developed the human infection. Current strategies are removed or prevent the microbial colonies from the medical devices, which are attached to the surfaces. This will improve the clinical outcomes in favor of the patients suffering from serious infectious diseases. Moreover, the identification and inhibition of genes, which have the major role in biofilm formation, could be the effective approach for health care systems. In a current review article, we are highlighting the biofilm matrix and molecular mechanism of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874285801711010053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35035732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Microbiological Status of Mineral Drinking Water.","authors":"Faria Y Aditi, Shafkat S Rahman, Md M Hossain","doi":"10.2174/1874285801711010031","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1874285801711010031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Water-borne diseases constitute a major health burden in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to assess the overall quality of mineral water samples that obtained from different shops of Dhaka city.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>To achieve the above-mentioned objective, methods of heterotrophic plate count (HPC) and total coliform count (TCC) were applied. Moreover, isolated colony from mineral water samples were characterized by using biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Different water samples showed different HPC ranged from 1.0×10 to 8.00×10². Antimicrobial sensitivity test of some selected bacteria viz <i>S. intermedius, S. aureus, S. felis</i> and <i>S. Saccharolyticus</i> were performed. It was observed that <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. isolates were susceptible to erythromycin, tetracycline, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Furthermore, a few <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. isolates were intermediate resistant to penicillin and oxacillin. However, most of the <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. isolates were resistant to cefixime.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate that mineral water serves as a reservoir of various bacteria and that people in Dhaka city, who are the consumers of these water, might get diseases. This study emphasizes the need for elaborated microbiological examinations of mineral drinking water commonly used in Dhaka city.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5447907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35081129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Proviral DNA to Investigate Virus Resistance Mutations in HIV-infected Zimbabweans.","authors":"Tutsirai V Musingwini,&nbsp;Danai T Zhou,&nbsp;Doreen Mhandire,&nbsp;Kerina Duri,&nbsp;Exnevia Gomo,&nbsp;Olav Oktedalen,&nbsp;Benjamin Chimukangara,&nbsp;Tinei Shamu,&nbsp;Sandra Shawarira-Bote,&nbsp;Collet Dandara,&nbsp;Babill Stray-Pedersen","doi":"10.2174/1874285801711010045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801711010045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) to suppress HIV replication has reduced morbidity and mortality yet effectiveness of current HIV drugs is threatened by HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) mutations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine HIVDR mutations using proviral DNA from specimens of patients presenting to an HIV treatment clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DNA from 103 patients, 86 treatment-experienced, 17 treatment-naïve, were genotyped for the HIV-1C reverse transcriptase gene (RT; codons 21-304) using Sanger sequencing and sequences analyzed using Sequencher software. Resistance mutations were interpreted using Stanford HIVDR reference database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median age was 39 (IQR, 33-46) years and 80% of patients were female. Six-percent (n=6) had at least one HIVDR mutation, comprising NRTI-associated mutations, (M184V, T69D, T69N and V75I); NNRTI-associated mutations (G190A, K103N, V106M, Y181C) and thymidine analogue associated mutations (D67N, K70R, K219Q, L210W, M41L, T215Y). Of the six participants, with at least one HIVDR mutation, all were treatment experienced, five were on tenofovir, lamivudine and nevirapine and one was on tenofovir, lamivudine and atazanavir. There was no difference in median CD4 count and viral loads when patients were compared by presence of HIVDR mutations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated the use of proviral DNA in HIVDR testing in adult patients and present that all the patients with various kinds of HIVDR mutations were treatment experienced, pointing to the role of drug regimens in driving viral mutations. Thus, the use of proviral DNA has potential to help provide surveillance on risk of HIVDR in HIV-infected individuals who are on treatment, which may assist in corrective treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5427698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35035731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESBL Production Among <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. Causing Urinary Tract Infection: A Hospital Based Study.","authors":"Pooja Shakya,&nbsp;Dhiraj Shrestha,&nbsp;Elina Maharjan,&nbsp;Vijay K Sharma,&nbsp;Rabin Paudyal","doi":"10.2174/1874285801711010023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801711010023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Increase in extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing microbes in recent years has led to limitations of treatment options. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ESBL producing <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. at a tertiary hospital in Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2209 non-repetitive mid-stream urine (MSU) samples were collected during the study period (March to September 2014). Identification of the isolates was done by Gram's staining followed by biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpretation was done following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines, 2013. ESBL screening among <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. isolates were done using ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefpodoxime. The confirmation was done by phenotypic disc diffusion test (combined disc method) using ceftazidime (30µg) and ceftazidime plus clavulanic acid (30/10µg), and cefotaxime (30µg) and cefotaxime plus clavulanic acid (30/10µg) disc as per CLSI guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 451 samples showed significant bacteriuria with 365 (80.9%) <i>E. coli</i>, 17 (3.8%) <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and 3 (0.7%) <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i>. Of 451 isolates, 236 (52.3%) were found MDR strains. By combined disk test, 33 (91.7%) <i>E. coli</i> and 3 (8.3%) <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. were found ESBL producers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher prevalence of ESBL producing <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. was observed warranting prompt need of surveillance for effective management of such MDR strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874285801711010023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35035730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ozone Sensitivity and Catalase Activity in Pigmented and Non-Pigmented Strains of <i>Serratia Marcescens</i>.","authors":"José de Ondarza","doi":"10.2174/1874285801711010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801711010012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ozone exposure rapidly leads to bacterial death, making ozone an effective disinfectant in food industry and health care arena. However, microbial defenses may moderate this effect and play a role in the effective use of oxidizing agents for disinfection. <i>Serratia marcescens</i> is an opportunistic pathogen, expressing genes differentially during infection of a human host. A better understanding of regulatory systems that control expression of <i>Serratia</i>'s virulence genes and defenses is therefore valuable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Here, we investigated the role of pigmentation and catalase in <i>Serratia marcescens</i> on survival to ozone exposure.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Pigmented and non-pigmented strains of <i>Serratia marcescens</i> were cultured to exponential or stationary phase and exposed to 5 ppm of gaseous ozone for 2.5 - 10 minutes. Survival was calculated via plate counts. Catalase activity was measured photometrically and tolerance to hydrogen peroxide was assayed by disk-diffusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure of <i>S. marcescens</i> to 5 ppm gaseous ozone kills > 90% of cells within 10 minutes in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Although pigmented <i>Serratia</i> (grown at 28°C) survived ozonation better than unpigmented <i>Serratia</i> (grown at 35°C), non-pigmented mutant strains of <i>Serratia</i> had similar ozone survival rates, catalase activity and H₂O₂ tolerance as wild type strains. Rather, ozone survival and catalase activity were elevated in 6 hour cultures compared to 48 hour cultures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our studies did not bear out a role for prodigiosin in ozone survival. Rather, induction of oxidative stress responses during exponential growth increased both catalase activity and ozone survival in both pigmented and unpigmented <i>S. marcescens</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874285801711010012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35047055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virulence Factors Associated with <i>Enterococcus Faecalis</i> Infective Endocarditis: A Mini Review.","authors":"Kristian T Madsen,&nbsp;Marianne N Skov,&nbsp;Sabine Gill,&nbsp;Michael Kemp","doi":"10.2174/1874285801711010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801711010001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The enterococci are accountable for up to 20% of all cases of infective endocarditis, with <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> being the primary causative isolate. Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening infection of the endocardium that results in the formation of vegetations. Based on a literature review, this paper provides an overview of the virulence factors associated with <i>E. faecalis</i> infective endocarditis. Furthermore, it reports the effects of active or passive immunization against some of these involved factors.</p><p><strong>Individual virulence factors: </strong>Nine virulence factors have in particular been associated with <i>E. faecalis</i> infective endocarditis. Absence of these factors entailed attenuation of strains in both mixed- and mono-bacterial infection endocarditis models as well as in <i>in vitro</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> assays when compared to their virulence factor expressing parental strains.</p><p><strong>Pathogenesis: </strong>The virulence factors promote a broad spectrum of events that together allow for disease development and progression. The infection is initiated through bacterial binding to ligands present at the site of infection after which the colonization can be accelerated through inter-bacterial attachment and modulation of the host immune response. The formation and growth of the vegetation provide protection and promote growth. Controlled degeneration of the vegetation appears to increase the likelihood of embolization and dissemination, without exposing protected bacteria.</p><p><strong>Prophylactic immunization: </strong>In most cases, active and passive immunization against associated virulence factors provided partial protection.</p><p><strong>Future prospects: </strong>There is a need for further evaluation of the known virulence factors. Immunization against two or more virulence factors might be an effective prophylactic tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874285801711010001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35047723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Antibiogram and Molecular Characterization of Comunity-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i> in AWKA, Anambra Nigeria.","authors":"Blessing Ike,&nbsp;Malachy C Ugwu,&nbsp;Moses N Ikegbunam,&nbsp;David Nwobodo,&nbsp;Chika Ejikeugwu,&nbsp;Thaddeus Gugu,&nbsp;Charles O Esimone","doi":"10.2174/1874285801610010211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801610010211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the prevalence, antibiogram and molecular features of CA-MRSA in Awka, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Confirmation of MRSA was done by testing resistance to oxacillin (1µg), cloxacillin (5µg) and cefoxitin <b>(</b>30µg) on sterile Mueller Hinton agar supplemented with 4% sodium chloride. The MRSA strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using agar dilution method. Penicillin binding protein 2a was detected through rapid latex agglutination assay while mecA gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 142 <i>S. aureus</i> isolates were obtained from 261 samples sourced from Staff, students and fomites of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The overall prevalence of MRSA was 22.6%. The carriage rate was higher in females (56.5%) than male (43.5%) and was highest in individuals of 20-30 years of age (57.65%). The MIC of the oxacillin sodium salt ranged from 4-32 μg/ml. The multi-antibiotic resistance indices show that 53.4% had Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Indexing (MARI) higher than 0.2. Penicillin binding protein 2a was detected in 8.4% of MRSA isolates, all from nasal carriage while mecA gene was detected in 5 of isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed a very high prevalence of MRSA carriage among studied subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1874285801610010211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71434741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Specific Antibody Reactivity to <i>Toxocara</i> Larval Excretory-secretory Antigens in Asthmatic Patients (5-15 Years).","authors":"Mahdi Mosayebi, Latif Moini, Reza Hajihossein, Mojtaba Didehdar, Zahra Eslamirad","doi":"10.2174/1874285801610010162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801610010162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & purpose: </strong>Humans act as an intermediate host for <i>Toxocara canis</i> and <i>Toxocara cati</i>. Toxocara may be an important risk factor for asthma in humans. The aim of the present study was to evaluate immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-<i>Toxocara</i> canis antibody, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (<i>ELISA</i>) in asthmatic patients (aged 5-15 years), referring to a clinic of pulmonary diseases in Arak, Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>In this bi-group cross sectional study, serum samples were collected from 110 children with confirmed asthma and 70 children without asthma within one year. IgG anti-<i>Toxocara</i> antibody was detected <i>via</i><i>ELISA</i> method. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The seroprevalence of antibodies against <i>Toxocara</i> species was estimated at 1.8% (two males) in asmathic children <i>via</i><i>ELISA</i> method; however, no antibodies against <i>Toxocara</i> canis were detected in the control group. There was no significant correlation between the frequency of antibodies against <i>Toxocara</i> and variables such as age, gender, or place of residence (P>0.05). Moreover, the frequency of antibodies against <i>Toxocara</i> was not significantly correlated with contact with dogs, consumption of unwashed fruits and vegetables, or use of raw/undercooked sheep liver (P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study showed anti-<i>Toxocara</i> antibody in 1.8% of asthmatic children and determined the seroprevalence of toxocariasis in asthmatic children and adolescents in Arak, Iran. Based on the findings, the low rate of infection with <i>Toxocara</i> among asthmatic children may be attributed to acceptable personal hygiene and religious considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5090774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72211074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison Between Pathogen Associated Laboratory and Clinical Parameters in Early-Onset Sepsis of the Newborn.","authors":"Bernhard Resch,&nbsp;Renoldner B,&nbsp;Hofer N","doi":"10.2174/1874285801610010133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801610010133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify laboratory and clinical characteristics of different pathogens associated with early-onset sepsis (EOS) of the newborn.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Newborns with EOS were retrospectively analyzed regarding laboratory and clinical parameters associated with the identified pathogen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 125 newborns having diagnosis of culture proven EOS between 1993 and 2011. One hundred cases had diagnosis of group B streptococci (GBS) infection (80%), 11 had Escherichia coli (8.8%), eight enterococci (6.4%), and six other pathogens (4.8%). White blood cell count (WBC), immature to total neutrophil (IT) ratio, and C-reactive protein (CRP) values did not differ between groups within the first 72 hours of life. Presence of high (>30000/µL) and low (<9000/µl) WBC was significantly less found compared with IT-ratio >0.2 in GBS and E.coli EOS. High WBC were more common found than low WBC in all groups. Gram positive pathogens were more common found in late preterm and term infants (84%), and gram negative pathogens more common in very low birth weight infants (64%). E. coli was significantly associated with lower gestational age and birth weight, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An abnormal IT-ratio was a more common finding than an abnormal WBC in GBS and E. coli EOS. E. coli was significantly associated with prematurity.</p>","PeriodicalId":38953,"journal":{"name":"Open Microbiology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/29/1a/TOMICROJ-10-133.PMC4939603.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34611527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}