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Journal of International Peacekeeping最新文献

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Rwanda, the Holocaust, and the Predictable Path to Genocide 卢旺达、大屠杀和可预见的种族灭绝之路
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-0220104011
P. Drew
{"title":"Rwanda, the Holocaust, and the Predictable Path to Genocide","authors":"P. Drew","doi":"10.1163/18754112-0220104011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-0220104011","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a comparative examination of the policies and actions that led up to the genocides in Nazi Germany and Rwanda. Referring to the ‘Ten Stages of Genocide’ as developed by Gregory Stanton, the author follows the evolution of the respective racial regimes, and discusses their development of racial identification, racist laws and the propaganda that ultimately encouraged their societies to support their genocidal actions.","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-0220104011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48783035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rwanda and the Rohingya 卢旺达和罗兴亚人
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-0220104013
David J. Simon
{"title":"Rwanda and the Rohingya","authors":"David J. Simon","doi":"10.1163/18754112-0220104013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-0220104013","url":null,"abstract":"The 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda led the United Nations and global civil society to attempt to reinvent the international atrocity prevention regime. The advent of the doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect was to supposed to represent a new-found dedication to the goal of preventing mass atrocities and to intervene to stop them when they do break out. However, the situation of the Rohingya in Myanmar, who have been subject to years of persecution, ethnic cleansing, and – since 2017 – many elements of genocide, suggests that there has been more continuity than change. Rather, many of the same issues that plagued the global response to Rwanda are problematic again with respect to the Rohingya. This essay examines both the promise of change in the global anti-atrocity regime after Rwanda as well as the shortcomings that continue to plague the international response to atrocity.","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-0220104013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44470903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
unamir: a Deployed Legal Officer’s Retrospective unamir：部署的法律官员回顾
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-0220104007
Bruce M. Oswald
{"title":"unamir: a Deployed Legal Officer’s Retrospective","authors":"Bruce M. Oswald","doi":"10.1163/18754112-0220104007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-0220104007","url":null,"abstract":"From August 1994 until February 1995 I served as an Australian Defence Force legal officer with the Australian Medical Support Force which was a component of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda. During this deployment three duties I engaged with still stand out for me 25 years later: investigating the mass grave site at Ntarama, the use of force to defend the mandate and individual self-defence, and detention. This paper, in large part, engages with my reflections of these issues in the context of my military law practice, and academic research and writing. I conclude by making six observations from my experiences in Rwanda.","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-0220104007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41850142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Some Rules of Engagement Legacies of the 1999 Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda 联合国1994年卢旺达种族灭绝期间行动独立调查1999年报告的一些交战规则遗产
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-0220104018
R. McLaughlin
{"title":"Some Rules of Engagement Legacies of the 1999 Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda","authors":"R. McLaughlin","doi":"10.1163/18754112-0220104018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-0220104018","url":null,"abstract":"The United Nations Assistance Mission in Rwanda (unamir) has gone down in history as one of the worst failures in the history of the United Nations. The shortcomings of the mission were the focus of several reports. In this paper, Rob McLaughlin analyses some of the key findings of the various reports, with an emphasis on the rules of engagement framework and how it was interpreted at various points throughout the mission.","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":"22 1","pages":"282-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-0220104018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49377667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foreword–Rwanda Revisited: Genocide, Civil War, and the Transformation of International Law 重新审视卢旺达:种族灭绝、内战和国际法的转变
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-0220104001
Lieutenant-General R. A. Dallaire
{"title":"Foreword–Rwanda Revisited: Genocide, Civil War, and the Transformation of International Law","authors":"Lieutenant-General R. A. Dallaire","doi":"10.1163/18754112-0220104001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-0220104001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-0220104001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45363328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wilfully Blind: the Security Council’s Response to Genocide in Rwanda 故意失明:安全理事会对卢旺达种族灭绝的反应
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-0220104009
T. Paige
{"title":"Wilfully Blind: the Security Council’s Response to Genocide in Rwanda","authors":"T. Paige","doi":"10.1163/18754112-0220104009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-0220104009","url":null,"abstract":"The UN Security Council’s response to the Rwanda genocide was a significant moment in history. It changed the face of international law, cementing individual criminal responsibility for atrocities in the canon of international law. It also saw the Security Council respond to mass atrocities without the consent of the state in question in a manner that ran counter to historical practice. But all of these outcomes are haunted by the fact that decisions made by the Security Council in the build up to the genocide served to create the conditions on the ground that allowed genocide to flourish. This intervention conducts a critical discourse analysis of the statements made by the Permanent Five members of the Security Council justifying these decisions in the context of whether Rwanda constituted a ‘threat to the peace’ under article 39 of the UN Charter, concluding that Security Council through its decisions was complicit in the genocide.","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-0220104009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41386980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rwanda: Lessons Observed. Lessons Learned? 卢旺达:吸取的教训。经验教训?
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-0220104017
J. Boulden
{"title":"Rwanda: Lessons Observed. Lessons Learned?","authors":"J. Boulden","doi":"10.1163/18754112-0220104017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-0220104017","url":null,"abstract":"In seeking to determine whether and in what way the experience in Rwanda may have changed peacekeeping, this article examines three official international institutional reports that were issued after the genocide in Rwanda. Their discussion of United Nations peacekeeping after Rwanda, each from a slightly different vantage point, provides a window into the thinking of the time as to what changes should occur in peacekeeping as a result of the Rwanda experience. Two reports focused on the future of peacekeeping more generally, the Brahimi Report, published in 2000, and the hippo Report, published in 2015 are used as benchmarks to determine whether and to what extent those proposed changes occurred. The article argues that while many changes in peacekeeping can be identified since 1994, peacekeeping remains unchanged at its core in that it is still based on the foundational principles of consent, impartiality and minimal use of force.","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-0220104017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43931603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contents 内容
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-0220104020
{"title":"Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/18754112-0220104020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-0220104020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-0220104020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46490282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
covid-19 and the Role of the Security Council as Global Health Peacekeeper 2019冠状病毒病与安全理事会作为全球卫生维持和平人员的作用
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2019-10-09 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-02301006
B. Kondoch
{"title":"covid-19 and the Role of the Security Council as Global Health Peacekeeper","authors":"B. Kondoch","doi":"10.1163/18754112-02301006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-02301006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The covid-19 pandemic has become one of the greatest challenges the world has faced since the founding of the United Nations. The following article provides a short overview, which addresses the United Nations’ efforts in minimizing the negative impact of the virus on peace and security by focusing on the potential role of the Security Council from a normative perspective.","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43755515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Twenty Years of the Protection of Civilians in UN Peace Operations 联合国和平行动保护平民二十年
Journal of International Peacekeeping Pub Date : 2019-10-09 DOI: 10.1163/18754112-20200004
Charles T. Hunt, Shannon Zimmerman
{"title":"Twenty Years of the Protection of Civilians in UN Peace Operations","authors":"Charles T. Hunt, Shannon Zimmerman","doi":"10.1163/18754112-20200004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18754112-20200004","url":null,"abstract":"The Protection of Civilians (PoC) has been part of United Nations (UN) peace operations for twenty years. Today, PoC is irrefutably a ‘centre of gravity’ for how UN peace operations see and portray themselves. Despite negative perceptions, a great deal of progress has been made in how missions prepare for and respond to the demands of protection mandates. For the vulnerable populations they serve, mandates to protect raise expectations and provide hope that peacekeepers will safeguard them. Yet efforts to implement PoC mandates have encountered a range of problems, which peace operations have struggled to address. This article critically reflects on the past two decades of promoting, planning for and practicing protection in UN peace operations. It argues that while the achievements are many, significant challenges remain and much more must be done to deliver on this cardinal obligation.","PeriodicalId":38927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Peacekeeping","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/18754112-20200004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44435548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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