中国血吸虫病防治杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Progress of researches on mechanisms underlying immune escape of <i>Plasmodium</i>].","authors":"Y Wu, J He, X Cao, J Li, S Shen, Y Du, C Tan","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria, a parasitic disease caused by infection with the species of <i>Plasmodium</i> and transmitted by <i>Anopheles</i> mosquito bites, is one of the major public health challenges that seriously threaten human health. Malaria parasites present diverse immune escape strategies to escape from the recognition and clearance of the host immune system, which poses a great challenge to the malaria control programme. This review presents the advances in the mechanisms underlying the immune escape of <i>Plasmodium</i>, including antigenic variation, epigenetic regulation, antagonism against IgM antibody, activation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (GMP-AMP) synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling, suppression of splenic immune functions, and molecular camouflage, so as to provide insights into development of malaria vaccines and antimalarial agents and formulation of the malaria control strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 3","pages":"325-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dynamics of eosinophil infiltration and microglia activation in brain tissues of mice infected with <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i>].","authors":"F Wei, R Zhang, Y Hu, X Qin, Y Guo, X Mo, Y Lu, J Sun, Y Zhou, J Guo, P Song, Y Chu, B Xu, T Zhang, Y Cai, M Chen","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024242","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the changes in eosinophil counts and the activation of microglial cells in the brain tissues of mice at different stages of &lt;i&gt;Angiostrongylus cantonensis&lt;/i&gt; infection, and to examine the role of microglia in regulating the progression of angiostrongyliasis and unravel the possible molecular mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group and the 7-d, 14-d, 21-day and 25-d infection groups, of 10 mice in each group. All mice in infection groups were infected with 30 stage III &lt;i&gt;A. cantonensis&lt;/i&gt; larvae by gavage, and animals in the control group was given an equal amount of physiological saline. Five mice were collected from each of infection groups on days 7, 14, 21 d and 25 d post-infection, and 5 mice were collected from the control group on the day of oral gavage. The general and focal functional impairment was scored using the Clark scoring method to assess the degree of mouse neurological impairment. Five mice from each of infection groups were sacrificed on days 7, 14, 21 d and 25 d post-infection, and 5 mice from the control group were sacrificed on the day of oral gavage. Mouse brain tissues were sampled, and the pathological changes of brain tissues were dynamically observed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Immunofluorescence staining with eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) was used to assess the degree of eosinophil infiltration and the counts of microglial cells in mouse brain tissues in each group, and the morphological parameters of microglial cells (skeleton analysis and fractal analysis) were quantified by using Image J software to determine the morphological changes of microglial cells. In addition, the expression of M1 microglia markers Fcγ receptor III (&lt;i&gt;Fcgr3&lt;/i&gt;), Fcγ receptor IIb (&lt;i&gt;Fcgr2b&lt;/i&gt;) and CD86 antigen (&lt;i&gt;Cd86&lt;/i&gt;), M2 microglia markers Arginase 1 (&lt;i&gt;Arg1&lt;/i&gt;), macrophage mannose receptor C-type 1 (&lt;i&gt;Mrc1&lt;/i&gt;), chitinase-like 3 (&lt;i&gt;Chil3&lt;/i&gt;), and phagocytosis genes myeloid cell triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (&lt;i&gt;Trem2&lt;/i&gt;), CD68 antigen (&lt;i&gt;Cd68&lt;/i&gt;), and apolipoprotein E (&lt;i&gt;Apoe&lt;/i&gt;) was quantified using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) assay in the mouse cerebral cortex of mice post-infection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A large number of &lt;i&gt;A. cantonensis&lt;/i&gt; larvae were seen on the mouse meninges surface post-infection, and many neuronal nuclei were crumpled and deeply stained, with a large number of bleeding points in the meninges. The median Clark scores of mouse general functional impairment were 0 (interquartile range, 0), 0 (interquartile range, 0.5), 6 (interquartile range, 1.0), 14 (interquartile range, 8.5) points and 20 (interquartile range, 9.0) points in the control group and the 7-d, 14-d, 21-d and 25-d groups, respectively (&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt; = 22.45, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), and the median ","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 2","pages":"163-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Non-coding RNAs expression profile of adjacent and distant liver tissues of hepatic cystic echinococcosis lesions].","authors":"I Irshat, A Aizemaiti, M Wubulikasimu, Q Xu, A Abudusikuer, Y Wu, T Kahaer","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024216","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To analyze the differential expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) from liver tissues adjacent to hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) lesions and distant normal liver tissues using whole transcriptome sequencing, and perform functional annotations of differentially expressed ncRNAs, so as to explore the potential role of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of CE.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Intraoperative liver tissue specimens adjacent to hepatic CE lesions and distant normal liver tissue specimen were sampled from patients with hepatic CE, and the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were detected using whole transcriptome sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were identified, and functional annotations were performed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. In addition, a circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed using the Cytoscape software, and the expression of hub miRNAs in the network was validated using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) assay.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 41 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified between the adjacent and distal tissues of hepatic CE lesions, including 8 up-regulated and 33 down-regulated miR-NAs, which were significantly enriched in biological processes of Ras signaling and neutrophil activation. Five differentially expressed circRNAs were detected, including 3 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated circRNAs, which were significantly enriched in molecular functions of hormone signaling pathways and RNA transcription regulation. A total of 447 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified, including 200 up-regulated and 247 down-regulated lncRNAs, which were involved in cell proliferation, immune regulation, and extracellular matrix remodeling pathways. MiRNA target analysis predicted &lt;i&gt;hsa-miR-27a-5p&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;hsa-miR-21-3p&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;hsa-miR-181b-2-3p&lt;/i&gt; as hub nodes in the ceRNA network. RT-qPCR assay detected that the relative expression levels of &lt;i&gt;ENSG00000253736&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;HAS2-AS1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;PCSK6&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;hsa-miR-21-3p&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;hsa-miR-27a-5p&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;MIR23AHG&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;VIPR1-AS1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;LINC02910&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;hsa-miR-181b-2-3p&lt;/i&gt; were 3.00 ± 0.25, 2.75 ± 0.33, 1.01 ± 0.51, 2.65 ± 0.41, 1.01 ± 0.29, 1.10 ± 0.31, 1.05 ± 0.27, 0.25 ± 0.49, and 2.56 ± 0.35 in adjacent tissues of hepatic CE lesions, normalized to that in distant tissues from hepatic CE lesions, respectively (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 6.21, 5.83, 7.51, 7.46, 6.12, 6.65, 7.13, 1.87 and 7.81, all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; values &lt; 0.01), which was consistent with whole transcriptome sequencing results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Differentially expressed ncRNAs from adjacent and distal liver tissues of hepatic CE lesions may contribute to the pathological mechanisms of CE through mediating cell proliferation, immune evasion, and","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 2","pages":"152-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Population genetic structure of sandflies in China based on mitochondrial DNA].","authors":"Z Li, Z Wei, Z Zhou, Y Zhang","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024295","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the genetic diversity of sandfly populations in endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis in China, so as to provide references insights into management of visceral leishmaniasis and the vector sandflies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Sixteen sampling sites were selected from main endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis in China from June to September 2024, including Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province, Henan Province, Gansu Province, Sichuan Province, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Sandflies were captured using light traps and manual aspirators from sheep pens, chicken coops, cave dwellings, bovinesheds, and pig pens at each sampling site. A single sandfly sample was washed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and genomic DNA was extracted from sandfly samples. Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (&lt;i&gt;COI&lt;/i&gt;) gene was amplified using PCR assay with universal primers, and analyzed and retrieved with the nucleotide sequence analysis tool (BLAST) software, and the sequence of &lt;i&gt;COI&lt;/i&gt; gene was aligned with the ClustalX 1.83 and MEGA 7.0 software. The base composition and variation site of the &lt;i&gt;COI&lt;/i&gt; gene sequence were analyzed using the software MEGA 7.0, and the number of haplotypes, total number of segregating sites, haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity, and average nucleotide differences were calculated in the &lt;i&gt;COI&lt;/i&gt; gene sequence using the software DnaSP 5.10, followed by Tajima's &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt; test for neutrality. Haplotypes were screened using the software DnaSP 5.10, and the haplotype network map of sandfly samples was plotted using the software Network 5.0. MEGA 7.0 software was employed for gene sequence editing and alignment, and calculation of genetic distances among sandfly species sampled from different regions, and a phylogenetic tree was built with a neighbor-joining method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 466 sandflies were captured from 16 sampling sites in China from June to September 2024, and 430 gene sequences were yielded following PCR amplification and sequencing of the &lt;i&gt;COI&lt;/i&gt; gene, with 652 to 688 bp in the length of amplification fragments. The captured sandfly samples were characterized as &lt;i&gt;Phlebotomus chinensis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Sergentomyia squamirostris&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Se. koloshanensis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Ph. sichuanensis&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Ph. longiductus&lt;/i&gt; following the &lt;i&gt;COI&lt;/i&gt; gene sequence alignment in BLAST. A total of 251 haplotypes were identified in the 430 gene sequences from sandfly samples (50.5%), and the average haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity and average number of nucleotide difference were 0.885, 0.257 and 160.761, respectively. The Tajima's &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt; values were -0.92 for sandfly populations from Yangquan City, Shanxi Province and -1.73 for sandfly populations from Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, and were all more than 0 for sandfly populations from other sampling sites. Haplotype analysis identified 50 haplotypes, which were classified into two haplogroups.","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 2","pages":"144-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Proportions of memory T cells and expression of their associated cytokines in lymph nodes of mice infected with <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i>].","authors":"Y Li, D Adilai, B Deng, A Abidan, S Sun, W Xiao, C Ge, N Tang, J Li, H Wang, T Jiang, C Zhang","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024224","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the effects of &lt;i&gt;Echinococcus multilocularis&lt;/i&gt; infection on levels of memory T (Tm) cells and their subsets in lymph nodes of mice at different stages of infection, so as to provide new insights into immunotherapy for alveolarechinococcosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice aged 6 to 9 weeks were randomly divided into the infection group and the control group, of 12 mice in each group. Mice in the infection group were administered with 3 000 &lt;i&gt;E. multilocularis&lt;/i&gt; protoscoleces via portal venous injection, while animals in the control group were administered with an equal volume of physiological saline. Three mice from each group were sacrificed 4, 12 weeks and 24 weeks post-infection, and lymph nodes were sampled and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) to investigate the histopathological changes of mouse lymph nodes in the infection group. The expression and localization of T lymphocyte surface markers CD3, CD4, and CD8 were observed in mouse lymph nodes using immunohistochemical staining. In addition, lymphocyte suspensions were prepared from mouse lymph nodes in both groups at different time points post-infection, and the levels of Tm cell subsets and their secreted cytokines were detected using flow cytometry.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;HE staining showed diffuse structural alterations in the subcapsular cortical and paracortical regions of mouse lymph nodes in the infection group 4 weeks post-infection with &lt;i&gt;E. multilocularis&lt;/i&gt;. Immunohistochemical staining detected CD3, CD4 and CD8 expression in mouse lymph nodes in both groups. Flow cytometry revealed higher proportions of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Tm cells [(55.3 ± 4.8)% vs. (38.8 ± 6.1)%; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -4.259, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05] and CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; tissue-resident Tm (Trm) cells [(57.7 ± 3.7)% vs. (34.1 ± 11.2)%; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -3.990, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05] in mouse lymph nodes in the infection group than in the control group 4 weeks post-infection, and higher proportions of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Tm cells [(34.6 ± 3.2)% vs. (23.3 ± 7.5)%; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -2.764, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05] and CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Trm cells [(44.0 ± 1.9)% vs. (31.2 ± 1.5)%; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -4.039, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05] in mouse lymph nodes in the infection group than in the control group 24 weeks post-infection. The proportions of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Tm cells were higher in the infection group than in the control group 4 weeks [(56.8 ± 2.7)% vs. (43.9 ± 5.2)%; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -4.416, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01] and 12 weeks post-infection [(25.4 ± 2.7)% vs. (12.0 ± 2.6)%; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -2.552, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05], while the proportions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells [(15.7 ± 5.0)% vs. (49.4 ± 6.4)%; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 7.150, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01], TNF-α&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells [(20.7 ± 5.5)% vs. (57.5 ± 8.4)%; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -6.694, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01], and TNF-α&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Tm cells [7.0% (1.0%) vs. 31.0% (11.0%); &lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt; = -2.236, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05] were l","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 2","pages":"136-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Bulinus globosus</i>].","authors":"P Qian, M-M Masceline Jenipher, C Lü, Y Qian, W Wang, S Chen, A Xu, J Xue, J Xu, X Zhou, M Nicholas, S Li","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the structural and phylogenetic characteristics of the mitochondrial genome from <i>Bulinus globosus</i>, so as to provide a theoretical basis for classification and identification of species within the <i>Bulinus</i> genus, and to provide insights into understanding of <i>Bulinus</i>-schistosomes interactions and the mechanisms of parasite transmission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>B. globosus</i> samples were collected from the Ruya River basin in Zimbabwe. Mitochondrial DNA was extracted from <i>B. globosus</i> samples and the corresponding libraries were constructed for high-throughput sequencing on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. After raw sequencing data were subjected to quality control using the fastp software, genome assembly was performed using the A5-miseq and SPAdes tools, and genome annotation was conducted using the MITOS online server. Circular maps and sequence plots of the mitochondrial genome were generated using the CGView and OGDRAW software, and the protein conservation motifs and structures were analyzed using the TBtools software. Base composition and codon usage bias were analyzed and visualized using the software MEGA X and the ggplot2 package in the R software. In addition, a phylogenetic tree was created in the software MEGA X after sequence alignment with the software MAFFT 7, and visualized using the software iTOL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mitochondrial genome of <i>B. globosus</i> was a 13 730 bp double-stranded circular molecule, containing 2 ribosomal RNA (<i>rRNA</i>) genes, 22 transfer RNA (<i>tRNA</i>) genes, and 13 protein-coding genes, with a marked AT preference. The mitochondrial genome composition of <i>B. globosus</i> was similar to that of other species within the <i>Bulinus</i> genus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of <i>B. globosus</i> was clustered with <i>B. truncatus</i>, <i>B. nasutus</i>, and <i>B. ugandae</i> into the same evolutionary clade, and gene superfamily analysis showed that the metabolism-related proteins of <i>B. globosus</i> were highly conserved, notably the cytochrome c oxidase family, which showed a significant consistency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first whole mitochondrial genome sequencing to decode the compositional features of the mitochondrial genome of <i>B. globosus</i> from Zimbabwe and its evolutionary relationship within the <i>Bulinus</i> genus, which provides important insights for further understanding of the phylogeny and mitochondrial genome characteristics of the <i>Bulinus</i> genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 2","pages":"116-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Preliminary study on the biological characteristics of heat shock cognate protein 20 of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i>].","authors":"X Yu, K Yuan, Y Li, X Mu, H Xu, Q Li, W Zeng, Z Fu, Y Hong","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024254","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To clone and express the heat shock cognate protein 20 (SjHsc20) of &lt;i&gt;Schistosoma japonicum&lt;/i&gt;, and to preliminarily investigate its biological characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The target fragment of the &lt;i&gt;SjHsc20&lt;/i&gt; gene was amplified using PCR assay and cloned into the pET-28a(+) expression plasmid to generate the recombinant expression vector pET-28a(+)-SjH-sc20, which was then transformed into &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; BL21 (DE3) competent cells. The recombinant SjHsc20 (rSjHsc20) protein was induced with isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and purified, and the expression of the rSjHsc20 protein was checked with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The immunogenicity of the rSjHsc20 protein was detected using Western blotting, and the transcriptional levels of SjHsc20 were quantified in &lt;i&gt;S. japonicum&lt;/i&gt; worms at different developmental stages and in male and female adult worms using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay. Thirty female BALB/c mice at ages 6 to 8 weeks were divided into three groups, including the rSjHsc20 immunization group, the PBS control group, and the ISA 206 adjuvant group, of 10 mice in each group. Mice in the rSjHsc20 immunization group were subcutaneously immunized with 20 μg rSjHsc20 on days 1, 15 and 31, and animals in the PBS control group were subcutaneously injected with the same volume of PBS on days 1, 15 and 31, while mice in the ISA 206 adjuvant group were subcutaneously immunized with the same volume of ISA 206 adjuvant on days 1, 15 and 31, respectively. All mice in each group were infected with (40 ± 2) &lt;i&gt;S. japonicum&lt;/i&gt; cercariae via the abdomen 14 day following the last immunization. Levels of serum specific IgG and its subtypes IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies against rSjHsc20, and the serum titers of anti-rSjHsc20 antibody were detected in mice using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All mice were sacrifice 42 days post-infection, and &lt;i&gt;S. japonicum&lt;/i&gt; worms were collected from the hepatic portal vein and counted. The eggs per gram (EPG), worm burden reductions and egg burden reductions were estimated to evaluate the protective efficacy of the rSjHsc20 protein.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The &lt;i&gt;SjHsc20&lt;/i&gt; gene had an open reading frame (ORF) with 756 bp in length and encoded 252 amino acids, and the rSjHsc20 protein had a relative molecular mass of approximately 29 kDa. The rSjHsc20 protein was recognized by the serum of mice infected with &lt;i&gt;S. japonicum&lt;/i&gt; and the serum of mice immunized with the rSjHsc20 protein, indicating that rSjHsc20 had a good immunogenicity. There was a significant difference in the transcriptional levels of the &lt;i&gt;SjHsc20&lt;/i&gt; gene among the 7-day (1.001 4 ± 0.065 7), 12-day (2.268 3 ± 0.129 2), 21-day (1.378 5 ± 0.160 4), 28-day (1.196 4 ± 0.244 0), 35-day (1.646 3 ± 0.226 1), 42-day worms of &lt;i&gt;S. japonicum&lt;/i&gt; (1.758 0 ± 0.611 1) (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt; = 38.45, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 3","pages":"294-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effectiveness of the integrated schistosomiasis control programme in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2023].","authors":"C Pu, Y Zhang, J Wan, N Wang, J Shang, L Xu, L Chen, L Chen, Z Wu, B Zhong, Y Liu","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024255","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the effectiveness of the integrated schistosomiasis control programme in Sichuan Province during the stage moving from transmission interruption to elimination (2015-2023), so as to provide insights into formulation of the schistosomiasis control measures during the post-elimination stage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Schistosomiasis control data were retrospectively collected from departments of health, agriculture and rural affairs, forestry and grassland, water resources, and natural resources in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2023, and a database was created to document examinations and treatments of human and livestock schistosomiasis, and snail survey and control, conversion of paddy fields to dry fields, ditch hardening, rivers and lakes management and building of forests for snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. The completion of schistosomiasis control measures was investigated, and the effectiveness was evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 20 545 155 person-times received human schistosomiasis examinations in Sichuan Province during the period from 2015 to 2023, and 232 157 person-times were seropositive, with a reduction in the seroprevalence from 2.10% (44 299/2 107 003) in 2015 to 1.12% (9 361/837 896) in 2023 (χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 7.68, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The seroprevalence of human schistosomiasis appeared a tendency towards a decline in Sichuan Province over years from 2015 to 2023 (&lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt; = -8.375, &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = -10.052, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001); however, no egg positive individuals were identified during the period from 2018 to 2023, with the prevalence of human &lt;i&gt;Schistosoma japonicum&lt;/i&gt; infections maintained at 0. Expanded chemotherapy was administered to 2 754 515 person-times, and medical assistance of advanced schistosomiasis was given to 6 436 persontimes, with the treatment coverage increasing from 46.80% (827/1 767) in 2015 to 64.87% (868/1 338) in 2023. Parasitological tests for livestock schistosomiasis were performed in 35 113 herd-times, and expanded chemotherapy was administered to 513 043 herd-times, while the number of fenced livestock decreased from 121 631 in 2015 to 103 489 in 2023, with a reduction of 14.92%. Snail survey covered 433 621.80 hm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2023, with 204 602.81 hm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; treated by chemical control and 4 637.74 hm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; by environmental modifications. The area of snail habitats decreased from the peak of 5 029.80 hm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; in 2016 to 3 709.72 hm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; in 2023, and the actual area of snail habitats decreased from the peak of 8 585.48 hm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; in 2016 to 473.09 hm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; in 2023. The mean density of living snails remained low across the study period except in 2017 (0.62 snails/0.1 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;). Schistosomiasis control efforts by departments of agriculture and rural affairs in Sichuan Province included conversion of paddy fields to dry fields covering 153 346.93 hm&lt;sup&gt;","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 3","pages":"284-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The future is already here and the wave is coming: progress and challenges in the research and application of artificial intelligence-empowered malaria control programmes].","authors":"G Zhu, J Cao","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2025062","DOIUrl":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2025062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid rise and fast development of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought unprecedented opportunities and challenges to all sectors, including disease prevention control. Malaria is one of the world's most devastating infectious diseases. This article summarizes the advances in the research and application of AI-empowered malaria control programmes, analyzes key challenges during the implementation of malaria control programmes, and proposes future development directions and research proprieties, so as to provide insights into facilitating the translation of AI-driven strategies in global infectious disease control efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 2","pages":"112-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of health education during the progress towards malaria elimination in China: a review].","authors":"M Zhou, K Lin","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1915.2024257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1915.2024257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elimination of malaria is one of important global public health targets. Malaria was once highly prevalent in China; however, China was certified malaria-free by WHO in 2021 following decades of integrated control efforts. As an effective intervention, health education plays a critical role during the progress towards elimination of malaria in China, which remarkably increases the public awareness and action capability of malaria prevention and control knowledge. In addition, health education is of great significance to reduce the risk of re-establishment of imported malaria following disease elimination in the country. This article reviews the application of community-based and school-based health education, health education activities targeting entry-exit personnel and healthcare workers, and diversified media propagation in the progress towards elimination of malaria in China, so as to provide insights into formulation of malaria control strategy during the post-elimination stage in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"37 3","pages":"321-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}