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The Maryknoll Sisters' Mission in Nicaragua and the Material Antecedents of Radicalization 玛利诺修女在尼加拉瓜的传教和激进化的物质前提
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0024
C. Hernandez
{"title":"The Maryknoll Sisters' Mission in Nicaragua and the Material Antecedents of Radicalization","authors":"C. Hernandez","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The 1980 killing of four U.S. churchwomen in El Salvador was a pivotal moment that called international attention to a country torn apart by violence, but the radical commitments of U.S. missionary sisters had deeper roots. Sister Maura Clarke—one of those murdered in El Salvador—spent seventeen years in Nicaragua as a Maryknoll missioner. Having lived and worked among Central America's poor for decades, the Maryknoll sisters were shaped by their interactions with local rural and urban poor. These experiences refashioned their understanding of the sacred and led them to embrace the possibility of death. This research examines the relationship between the Maryknoll sisters and Nicaraguans through material culture, including clothing, food, health, family, water, and housing. Their experiences, as mediated through the material, formed the antecedents of the sisters' radicalization.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114937003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bridges to Health: U.S. Daughters of Charity, Seton Institute, and Funding Primary Health Care Activities in Latin America, 1985–2010 健康之桥:美国慈善女儿会、西顿研究所和拉丁美洲初级卫生保健活动的资助，1985-2010年
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0023
K. Gunnell
{"title":"Bridges to Health: U.S. Daughters of Charity, Seton Institute, and Funding Primary Health Care Activities in Latin America, 1985–2010","authors":"K. Gunnell","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Daughters of Charity in California founded the Seton Institute for International Development in 1985 to support the efforts of Catholic sisters striving to improve the health of those struggling in poverty in Latin America. The institute offered training, disaster relief, medical equipment, and grants for capacity-building projects. Positioned as a fundraising and grant distributing entity, Seton Institute solicited funds from government sources, corporate sponsors, and individual donors. Leaders sought to balance their need for funds with the commitments of their charism. As the expectations and priorities of U.S. government-funded programs and Latin American sisters did not always align, Seton Institute chose to put the desires of Catholic sisters first and shifted efforts towards private aid. These Daughters of Charity prioritized building transnational relationships that reinforced their community's mission to serve those in poverty rather than accept funds from any available resource.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126891465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
About This Issue 关于这个问题
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-08-15 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0016
{"title":"About This Issue","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"288 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114527792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toward Religious Pluralism and Catholic Diversity: Catholic Involvement in the 1993 Parliament of the World's Religions 走向宗教多元化和天主教多样性:天主教参与1993年世界宗教议会
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-08-15 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0014
Carlos Hugo Parra-Pirela
{"title":"Toward Religious Pluralism and Catholic Diversity: Catholic Involvement in the 1993 Parliament of the World's Religions","authors":"Carlos Hugo Parra-Pirela","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The century that framed the Chicago Parliaments of Religions (1893–1993) witnessed the Catholic Church's adaptation to changes within itself and the world. Following the Second Vatican Council, the Church showed an increasing openness to other religions. Its exclusivist position, seen in the 1893 parliament, yielded to a more inclusivist approach by 1993. Catholic involvement in the centennial parliament, however, moved beyond the exclusivistinclusivist spectrum to a more pluralist framework while portraying the broad spectrum of its internal diversity and thus testing the capacity and elasticity of its fundamental unity. Today the three approaches to other religions—exclusivist, inclusivist, and pluralist—are found within the Church's catholicity and theological diversity.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123108404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
American Judaism and the Second Vatican Council: The Response of the American Jewish Committee to Nostra Aetate 美国犹太教和梵蒂冈第二届大公会议:美国犹太人委员会对Nostra Aetate的回应
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-08-15 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0018
Magdalena Dziaczkowska
{"title":"American Judaism and the Second Vatican Council: The Response of the American Jewish Committee to Nostra Aetate","authors":"Magdalena Dziaczkowska","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:During the Second Vatican Council, American Jewish community members impacted the drafting of the declaration on the Catholic Church's attitude toward Jews and Judaism. This article explores the American Jewish Committee's reactions to the drafting and promulgation of the Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions (Nostra Aetate) and its contribution to establishing interfaith relations. The varied Jewish reactions to the declaration provide insight into the internal Jewish discussions regarding Nostra Aetate, revealing that even though the declaration is assessed positively today, initial Jewish reactions were not enthusiastic.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127228347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kindred Spirits and Sacred Bonds: Irish Catholics, Native Americans, and the Battle Against Anglo-Protestant Imperialism, 1840–1930 志气相投与神圣的纽带:爱尔兰天主教徒、美洲原住民与反对盎格鲁新教帝国主义的战斗，1840-1930
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-08-15 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0017
Conor J. Donnan
{"title":"Kindred Spirits and Sacred Bonds: Irish Catholics, Native Americans, and the Battle Against Anglo-Protestant Imperialism, 1840–1930","authors":"Conor J. Donnan","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Between 1840 and 1930, the United States engaged in Westward expansion, displacing Native Americans in the name of imperialism, capitalism, and Anglo-Saxonism. Simultaneously, Anglo colonization in Ireland helped prompt millions of Irish to immigrate to the United States. They became the unwitting foot soldiers for expansion, engaging in bloody assaults on Indigenous North Americans. Despite this, some Irish Catholics and Indigenous peoples found common ground in shared colonial experiences. They expressed political solidarity, used anti-Anglo language, and cooperated to undermine Anglo-Saxonism and promote their own values. Because the British and Anglo-Americans viewed Catholicism as backward and savage, religion was central in linking Indigenous and Irish struggles. The Irish living in the U.S. hoped to create a spiritual empire that weakened Anglo-Protestantism, an effort that gained support from Native Americans. These Irish-Indigenous interactions provide valuable insights into alternatives to Anglo-Protestant hegemony, imperial expansion, and capitalism.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125064287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
America's Teilhard: Christ and Hope in the 1960s by Susan Kassman Sack (review) 《美国的泰尔哈德:20世纪60年代的基督与希望》苏珊·卡斯曼·萨克著(书评)
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-08-15 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0015
Laura Eloe
{"title":"America's Teilhard: Christ and Hope in the 1960s by Susan Kassman Sack (review)","authors":"Laura Eloe","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134590371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ottawanta, Our Lady of the Field(s), and the Persistence of Legend in American Catholicism 渥太华，田野的圣母，以及美国天主教传说的延续
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-05-02 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0010
S. Lewis
{"title":"Ottawanta, Our Lady of the Field(s), and the Persistence of Legend in American Catholicism","authors":"S. Lewis","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Since the nineteenth century, a legend has been passed down regarding an apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary to a Native American at what is now Emmitsburg, Maryland. This legend, while often repeated, has never received critical attention. This article provides a transcription of the legend's earliest surviving manuscript along with critical analysis and a history of the legend's subsequent transmission. While the story presents itself as an historical account, further analysis reveals it to be a fictional work that discloses more about the legend's transmitters and readers than about an event in early American Catholicism. Generations of American Catholics have repeated the story, indicating the persistence of a medieval approach to legend in which the veracity of an account is less relevant than the supernatural insight it communicates.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"11 16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114393339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Miami Misterio: Sighting San Martín de Porres at the Crossroads of Catholicism and Dominican Vodú 迈阿密Misterio:在天主教和多米尼加的十字路口看圣Martín de Porres Vodú
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-05-02 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0013
James Padilioni
{"title":"A Miami Misterio: Sighting San Martín de Porres at the Crossroads of Catholicism and Dominican Vodú","authors":"James Padilioni","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The supernaturalism associated with San Martín de Porres places him at the crossroads of institutional Catholicism and the Vodú of the Dominican Republic and its Miami, Florida migrant community. Despite Martín's official May 6, 1962 canonization as an emblem for the Second Vatican Council's updated sensibilities on racial and social justice, Martín's racial heritage and his mystic associations positioned Martín as an emergent folk saint (misterio) for practitioners of Vodú in the 1960s. This uptick of San Martín de Porres \"sightings\" within Dominican folk religion reveals the dialogic reformations of Dominicanidad (Dominican national-religious identity) in consequence of the momentous changes wrought by the 1960s. The assassination of dictator Rafael Trujillo (1961), the ensuing Dominican Civil War and U.S. occupation (1962–1965), and the abolishment of the U.S.'s national-origins quota system (1965) each worked in tandem to create a mass-exodus of Dominicans to the United States. Within the Church, the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), the Medellín Conference (1968), and their approach to popular religion and liberation theology further transformed Dominican identity and experience. This study is situated in the Archdiocese of Miami, Florida, a geographic and cultural hub for the Afro-Catholic diaspora. There Dominican Vodú spiritism is a practice that illustrates the sacred and transnational dimensions of Hispaniolan historical experience as worked out between devotees and the agentive personalities of their misterios.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115561993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Our Lady of the Rockies: Marian Devotion in the Post-Industrial West 落基山脉的圣母:后工业时代西方的圣母奉献
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-05-02 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0012
Brennan Keegan
{"title":"Our Lady of the Rockies: Marian Devotion in the Post-Industrial West","authors":"Brennan Keegan","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Industrial decline and environmental degradation have left their mark on Butte, Montana, a \"black heart\" of the American West. Once producing more copper ore than any mine in the world, the mines ceased all operations in 1983. Two years later, a 90-foot tall, 48-foot wide, 51-ton statue of the Virgin Mary, named Our Lady of the Rockies, was airlifted in five massive pieces to her resting place 8,500 feet above sea level, where she now stands guard over the city and the toxic wasteland mining left behind. Our Lady offers a dramatic focal object for Butte's survival in a postindustrial setting. She invites viewers' engagement through seeing and devotion, acting as a sacred site of pilgrimage and credited by many for healing physical ailments and reopening Butte's mining sector. As a material link to the sacred, Our Lady provides believers with a path toward the transcendent and away from the deteriorating industrial city.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"6 16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116869606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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