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"There should be no hyphen in American Catholic": Bishop John Timon and the Assimilation of Buffalo Catholicism “美国天主教中不应该有连字符”:约翰·丁满主教和布法罗天主教的同化
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2021-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/CHT.2021.0000
Paul Lubienecki
{"title":"\"There should be no hyphen in American Catholic\": Bishop John Timon and the Assimilation of Buffalo Catholicism","authors":"Paul Lubienecki","doi":"10.1353/CHT.2021.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/CHT.2021.0000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Buffalo, New York, in the late 1840s was evolving into the gateway of the West. Because of its location on Lake Erie, the city became a haven for the Irish who built the Erie Canal and the Germans fleeing political turmoil in Europe. The Catholic Church responded to the growth, seeking to meet both the spiritual and secular needs of the growing immigrant and native-born Catholic population. The Diocese of Buffalo was established in 1847 with John Timon (1797–1867) as its first bishop. This American-born bishop fought religious, political, and cultural threats, resisting both Protestant and Catholic opposition, to solidify the Church's standing on the Niagara frontier. Through the formation of schools and institutions for health care and charity, he successfully established an assimilated American Catholic presence.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128730290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Imperial Church: Catholic Founding Fathers and United States Empire by Katherine D. Moran (review) 《帝国教会:天主教开国元勋与美国帝国》凯瑟琳·d·莫兰著(书评)
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2021-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/CHT.2021.0006
Michael Skaggs
{"title":"The Imperial Church: Catholic Founding Fathers and United States Empire by Katherine D. Moran (review)","authors":"Michael Skaggs","doi":"10.1353/CHT.2021.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/CHT.2021.0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114319461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Catholic Monroeism: U.S. Support for the Catholic Church During the Mexican Revolution, 1914–1929 天主教门罗派:1914-1929年墨西哥革命期间美国对天主教会的支持
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2021-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/CHT.2021.0002
Anne M. Martínez
{"title":"Catholic Monroeism: U.S. Support for the Catholic Church During the Mexican Revolution, 1914–1929","authors":"Anne M. Martínez","doi":"10.1353/CHT.2021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/CHT.2021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In 1823, President James Monroe declared the Western Hemisphere off-limits to European powers, and in 1904, President Theodore Roosevelt offered a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, claiming a role for the U.S. in policing Latin America. The term Catholic Monroeism describes the application of the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary to support the Catholic Church in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution. Facing anticlerical rhetoric and policies that restricted the Catholic Church's freedom in Mexico between 1914 and 1929, the U.S. government intervened on behalf of the Church. State Department records show the church-state conflict in Mexico was at the forefront of diplomatic discussions between the two countries. The U.S. government, in weighing intervention in Mexico, believed that the Church could promote harmony and order during a time of national upheaval and violence. Defending Catholicism in Mexico served as a vital component of American foreign policy and a matter of national self-interest for U.S. Catholics, whose previous attention to foreign relations focused on their European homelands.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114762334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Religious Change Along the Mexican Border, 1852–1876 1852-1876年墨西哥边境的宗教变迁
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2021-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/CHT.2021.0001
R. Wright
{"title":"Religious Change Along the Mexican Border, 1852–1876","authors":"R. Wright","doi":"10.1353/CHT.2021.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/CHT.2021.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:After the U.S. conquest and annexation of territory north of the Rio Grande River, French clergy who arrived in deep South Texas during the 1850s encountered a large Mexican Catholic population. Due to the critical shortage of clergy in Northeastern Mexico, these priests were drawn into transnational ministry south of the Rio Grande. For decades these clergy prioritized ministry to Mexicans, even in the face of church leaders who faulted them for not privileging Anglo Americans. Political changes in Mexico overturned the Catholic Church's status in that nation and had a significant religious impact in the Rio Grande country during the 1870s. Mexicans on both sides of the border were affected by Liberal policies and the challenge of the first Mexican Protestant congregations.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"514 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124475329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Higher Middle Way: Birth Philosophy at the Catholic Maternity Institute, 1944–1969 高等中庸之道:天主教妇产学院的生育哲学，1944-1969
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2021-02-02 DOI: 10.1353/CHT.2021.0003
Agnes R Howard
{"title":"A Higher Middle Way: Birth Philosophy at the Catholic Maternity Institute, 1944–1969","authors":"Agnes R Howard","doi":"10.1353/CHT.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/CHT.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Drawing upon Catholic views of childbearing and the role of laywomen, the Medical Mission Sisters at the Catholic Maternity Institute (CMI) in Santa Fe, New Mexico, reconciled competing cultural and medical approaches to birth. Operating between 1944 and 1969, the CMI is noteworthy for starting the first free-standing birth center in the United States, for reducing maternal and infant mortality, and for its birth philosophy. Operating at the borders dividing cultures—medical and spiritual, technological and natural, Latino and Anglo-American—the CMI developed a distinctive vision of maternity care. The sisters kept childbirth centered around women at a time when birth was moving decisively into the purview of doctors and hospitals. The sisters' mediating approach helped resolve the central conundrum of prenatal care: why women should change prenatal behaviors, departing from social expectations and traditions, when their actions could not assure fetal health. The CMI resolved this tension by emphasizing birth as women's active participation in God's creative work.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115844457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Question of Sanctuary: The Adorers of the Blood of Christ and the U.S. Sanctuary Movement, 1983–1996 庇护的问题:基督之血的崇拜者和美国的庇护运动，1983-1996
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0022
C. Martinez
{"title":"The Question of Sanctuary: The Adorers of the Blood of Christ and the U.S. Sanctuary Movement, 1983–1996","authors":"C. Martinez","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In December 1985, the Adorers of the Blood of Christ (ASCs) welcomed a Guatemalan family into sanctuary at their Ruma, Illinois, convent. Declaring their home as a sanctuary for Central American refugees who were denied asylum by the United States was the culmination of a selfguided and months-long process of discernment and education. The ASCs arrived at this decision after considering their order's tradition of providing refuge to Jews fleeing Nazi violence and after hearing calls for solidarity from Central American activists. Their position as women religious—that is, outside patriarchal church structures—gave them the flexibility to declare sanctuary when many Catholic churches and dioceses were reluctant. The ASCs' engagement with sanctuary challenges the common understanding that the movement originated at the U.S.-Mexico border with Protestants providing assistance to migrants denied asylum.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117029471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Translating Sorrow and Grief into Action: El Salvador's Human Rights Abuses, U.S. Diocesan Newspapers, and Catholic Mobilization, 1977–1982 将悲伤和悲痛转化为行动:萨尔瓦多的人权侵犯，美国教区报纸和天主教动员，1977-1982
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0021
M. Cangemi
{"title":"Translating Sorrow and Grief into Action: El Salvador's Human Rights Abuses, U.S. Diocesan Newspapers, and Catholic Mobilization, 1977–1982","authors":"M. Cangemi","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The U.S. Catholic press was an important source of reporting on El Salvador during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Catholic newspapers' reporting offered readers a nuanced and comprehensive account of the country's violence and human rights abuses as well as in-depth and critical analyses of U.S. foreign policy. The existing scholarship on the Catholic press and Central America has focused almost exclusively on national publications, overlooking diocesan newspapers and their role in shaping U.S. Catholics' perceptions of global events. This article examines how U.S. diocesan newspapers were central to an emerging transnational network of Catholic activists who reported on El Salvador and facilitated grassroots collaboration and mobilization.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116353305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
About This Issue 关于这个问题
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0019
{"title":"About This Issue","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129235939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thirty Years Later: Remembering the U.S. Churchwomen in El Salvador and the United States 三十年后:纪念萨尔瓦多和美国的美国教会妇女
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0025
Terri J. Keeley
{"title":"Thirty Years Later: Remembering the U.S. Churchwomen in El Salvador and the United States","authors":"Terri J. Keeley","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:On December 2, 1980, Salvadoran National Guardsmen—armed by the U.S. government—raped and murdered four U.S. missionaries: Maryknoll Sisters Ita Ford and Maura Clarke, Ursuline Sister Dorothy Kazel, and Maryknoll lay missioner Jean Donovan. Thirty years later, in late 2010, I traveled to El Salvador as part of a delegation to commemorate the anniversary of their deaths. Returning to the United States in early 2011, I attended a memorial for them in Washington, D.C., and expected to see continuity with the past: the promotion of the missionaries as a source of inspiration and expressions of anger at the U.S. role in El Salvador. The women continued to inspire, but the focus on the U.S. government was nearly absent. Instead, commemorative events in El Salvador evoked disappointment with the institutional Catholic Church, and the Washington, D.C., remembrance stressed Maryknoll Sisters' political influence. These differences underscored that remembering the U.S. churchwomen was not just about one memory, but different kinds of memories for different communities.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126309128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Spiritual Journeys of the Four Churchwomen 四位教会妇女的精神之旅
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0020
Edward T. Brett, Donna Whitson Brett
{"title":"The Spiritual Journeys of the Four Churchwomen","authors":"Edward T. Brett, Donna Whitson Brett","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:On December 2, 1980, Ursuline Sister Dorothy Kazel, lay missioner Jean Donovan, and Maryknoll Sisters Maura Clarke and Ita Ford were kidnapped and murdered by Salvadoran National Guardsmen. Influenced by the principles emanating from the Second Vatican Council, all four had knowingly put themselves in danger by intentionally choosing to accompany the marginalized in their struggle for justice and dignity. They had come to know the same fear of death and torture as the poor with whom they worked. These women knew firsthand the God of those with no power. Stripped of the security that their class status and nationality had provided, they grew to trust unconditionally. Their deeds and their words indicate that each one, in her own unique way, underwent a profound spiritual transformation.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131706589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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