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Escaped Nuns: True Womanhood and the Campaign Against Convents in Antebellum America by Cassandra L. Yacovazzi (review) 《逃跑的修女:美国战前真正的女性身份和反对修道院的运动》作者:卡桑德拉·l·雅科瓦齐
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2020-02-19 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2020.0007
E. Clark
{"title":"Escaped Nuns: True Womanhood and the Campaign Against Convents in Antebellum America by Cassandra L. Yacovazzi (review)","authors":"E. Clark","doi":"10.1353/cht.2020.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2020.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116225391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
To the Suburb, in the City, and with the Community: The Changing Loci of Mid-Twentieth-Century Franciscan Parishes 到郊区，在城市，与社区:二十世纪中期方济各会教区的变化轨迹
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-11-26 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0026
David J. Endres
{"title":"To the Suburb, in the City, and with the Community: The Changing Loci of Mid-Twentieth-Century Franciscan Parishes","authors":"David J. Endres","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Franciscans in the mid-twentieth century reorganized their parochial commitments, altering where and to whom they served as pastors. New demographic and geographic realities, including the Baby Boom, the explosion of suburbs, and urban out-migration, shaped Franciscan commitments: rural parishes, without moving location, became suburban; city parishes declined and closed or became downtown \"service churches\" without parishioners residing nearby; and new experimental church models impacted parish life, governance, and worship. At the same time, the Franciscans themselves reflected on their place in the mid-century Church, especially parish life's compatibility with the Franciscan charism. An examination of three types of Franciscan parish communities—suburban, urban, and experimental—will highlight the Franciscans' changing loci of ministry. This shift provides an essential context for understanding the evolution of U.S. parishes and the role of Franciscans in the latter half of the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131239305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crabgrass Catholicism: U.S. Catholics and the Historiography of Postwar Suburbia 《杂草天主教:美国天主教徒与战后郊区的史学》
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-11-26 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0024
Stephen M. Koeth
{"title":"Crabgrass Catholicism: U.S. Catholics and the Historiography of Postwar Suburbia","authors":"Stephen M. Koeth","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Andrew Greeley's first book, The Church and the Suburbs, emerged from his observations as a newly-ordained associate pastor in a suburban parish of Chicago. Published in 1959, it was the first book-length exploration of post-war suburbanization's impact on the Church in the United States. In the sixty years since The Church and the Suburbs was published, U.S. Catholic historians have largely ignored how Catholics helped create postwar suburbia and how Catholicism was refashioned by the migration from urban ethnic neighborhoods to rapidly expanding suburbs. This essay briefly summarizes Greeley's conclusions, situates his contribution within the earliest responses to postwar suburbanization, and examines how the study of suburbs has evolved since The Church and the Suburbs was published. It also proposes several aspects of Catholic suburbia that might assist historians in better explicating Catholicism's place in twentieth-century American history.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121471796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Unlikely Conversion of Father Juan Romero: Chicano Activism and Suburban Los Angeles Catholicism 胡安·罗梅罗神父不可能的皈依:奇卡诺激进主义和洛杉矶郊区天主教
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-11-26 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0025
Jason Steidl
{"title":"The Unlikely Conversion of Father Juan Romero: Chicano Activism and Suburban Los Angeles Catholicism","authors":"Jason Steidl","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Father Juan Romero, a leader in the Chicano Civil Rights Movement, came of age in the predominately-Anglo suburbs of mid-twentieth-century Los Angeles. Here, the burgeoning of racial consciousness confronted Cardinal James McIntyre, an elderly prelate who opposed many social justice movements. At that time, the rapidly-growing city was a center for conservative thought and politics, shaped in part by Anglo insecurities in the face of social transformation. Romero's early years reflected this conservative religious and cultural milieu, but ministry experiences and encounters with social justice movements challenged him to embrace his Mexican American identity and become an advocate for Chicano liberation. Although his promise of obedience to the Church tested the limits of his work for racial justice, Romero effectively reconciled his dual vocations as a priest and civil rights organizer.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131265168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
American Catholics and the Church of Tomorrow: Building Churches for the Future, 1925–1975 by Catherine R. Osborne (review) 凯瑟琳·r·奥斯本《美国天主教徒和明天的教会:建设未来的教会，1925-1975》
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-11-26 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0028
J. Plummer
{"title":"American Catholics and the Church of Tomorrow: Building Churches for the Future, 1925–1975 by Catherine R. Osborne (review)","authors":"J. Plummer","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114191393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Bridge Too Short: The Catholic Response to Racism and Segregation in Cleveland, Ohio in the 1960s 《桥太短:20世纪60年代俄亥俄州克利夫兰市天主教对种族主义和种族隔离的反应》
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-11-26 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0027
James A. Gutowski
{"title":"A Bridge Too Short: The Catholic Response to Racism and Segregation in Cleveland, Ohio in the 1960s","authors":"James A. Gutowski","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Cleveland, Ohio in the 1960s was a city divided by race. Prejudice and segregation led to animosity and violence. In 1967 the National Catholic Conference on Interracial Justice (NCCIJ) developed a pilot program, Project Bridge, that applied new ideas to old problems. Coming to Cleveland in 1968, the program generated new approaches for addressing racial justice, with mixed results. Ultimately, the same spirit of innovation that made Project Bridge possible later carried it into militancy and a premature demise.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124818200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mexican Immigrants, the Gary-Alerding Settlement House, and the Limits of Catholic Americanization in Gary, Indiana, 1919–1928 墨西哥移民，加里-阿灵丁定居屋，和天主教美国化的极限在加里，印第安纳州，1919-1928
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-09-05 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0016
F. Moralez
{"title":"Mexican Immigrants, the Gary-Alerding Settlement House, and the Limits of Catholic Americanization in Gary, Indiana, 1919–1928","authors":"F. Moralez","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Mexican immigrants first came to Gary, Indiana in large numbers during the 1919 steel strike. The United States Steel Corporation (U.S. Steel) continued to recruit Mexicans as workers in the years that followed and Mexicans soon became Gary's largest immigrant population. During the 1920s, the high number of immigrant steelworkers, the recent steel strike, and the Red Scare impelled Gary's native-born residents to fund Americanization programs. To this end, the Fort Wayne Diocese assigned Father Jean Baptiste De Ville to build a Catholic settlement house that would spearhead these post-war Americanization efforts. He partnered with U.S. Steel in founding the Gary-Alerding settlement house to fight communism among Catholic immigrant steelworkers through a Catholic Americanization strategy designed to instill obedience to centralized religious authority and support industrial capitalism. Mexican immigrant steelworkers did not respond well to De Ville's effort to enforce political and religious conformity, having developed a popular religiosity that did not rely on engaging the institutional Church via clergy or parish-based worship. Unable to recognize the limitations of his strategy toward the Mexican population, De Ville, by the end of the decade, viewed the Americanization efforts as a failure.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124619552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Korean Americans and the Changing Face of Twentieth-Century Catholic Immigration 韩裔美国人和20世纪天主教移民的变化
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-09-05 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0018
Simon C. Kim
{"title":"Korean Americans and the Changing Face of Twentieth-Century Catholic Immigration","authors":"Simon C. Kim","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Catholicism's universality creates a natural connection between those in the diaspora and their homeland. This connection has allowed immigrants of Korean descent in the United States to maintain their religious practices within their cultural heritage. Furthering this dynamic has been the constant stream of visiting Korean clergy made necessary due to the lack of vocations in the U.S. This article surveys the impact of Korean immigration on their faith communities in the U.S. An examination of the social and political events of both the homeland and the host country illustrates how these immigrant faith communities have adapted since their initial arrival in the U.S.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126957632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Natives and Newcomers: Ethnic Mexican Religious Convergences in 1920s San Antonio, Texas 原住民与新来者:20世纪20年代德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥的墨西哥种族宗教融合
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-09-05 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0015
Timothy M. Matovina
{"title":"Natives and Newcomers: Ethnic Mexican Religious Convergences in 1920s San Antonio, Texas","authors":"Timothy M. Matovina","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Relations between Mexican émigrés and U.S.-born Mexican Americans have often been strained due to economic rivalry, differences in language usage and social mores, and the concern that immigrants would fuel Anglo-American stereotypes about people of Mexican heritage. Devotion to Our Lady of Guadalupe at San Antonio's San Fernando Cathedral during the 1920s and early 1930s provides an apt case study for an analysis of group relations between ethnic Mexican natives and newcomers. During this period Guadalupan devotion at San Fernando increasingly reflected the conflictive sentiments of exile: hope and fear, patriotism and protest, trust in celestial protection and humble acquiescence to divine reprimand, longing for home and struggles over cultural expectations in a new land, such as women's roles as daughters, mothers, and homemakers. At the same time, in the face of Anglo-American hostility and prejudice, the transformation of San Fernando's annual Guadalupe celebrations into intense exile rituals expressed confident assurance that ethnic Mexican residents were a chosen people, invigorating their faith and ethnic pride. The San Fernando case reveals both the possibilities and pitfalls for traditional religious devotions in fostering group cohesion between established residents and newcomers.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114995048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Resettlement of Vietnamese Refugee Religious, Priests, and Seminarians in the United States, 1975–1977 1975-1977年越南难民在美国的宗教、牧师和神学院学生的重新安置
U.S. Catholic Historian Pub Date : 2019-09-05 DOI: 10.1353/cht.2019.0019
T. Hoang
{"title":"The Resettlement of Vietnamese Refugee Religious, Priests, and Seminarians in the United States, 1975–1977","authors":"T. Hoang","doi":"10.1353/cht.2019.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cht.2019.0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The fall of Saigon (1975) was a significant factor in the large numbers of Vietnamese American vocations to the priesthood and religious life. This event led some 125,000 refugees from South Vietnam to the U.S., including hundreds of priests, seminarians, and men and women religious. Their sudden presence prompted a host of responses from American Catholics under the leadership and coordination of the United States Catholic Conference. This leadership led to relatively quick resettlement of religious, priests, and seminarians. Combining exilic experience and identity with the Catholic faith, these refugees established communities in the U.S. and promoted vocations to the priesthood and religious life for the preservation of Vietnamese tradition and faith in their new home.","PeriodicalId":388614,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Catholic Historian","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134048598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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