中华心血管病杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Essentials and considerations for outpatient genetic counseling for inherited cardiovascular diseases].","authors":"M M Zuo, K Hong","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251209-00860","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251209-00860","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 3","pages":"360-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impact of cumulative atherogenic index of plasma exposure on the risk of new-onset cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and young populations].","authors":"Y X Chen, H M Liu, H Y Zhao, S H Liu, M X Wang, L Q Liu, J R Liu, H X Li, S L Wu, Y T Wu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251130-00838","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251130-00838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the association between baseline cumulative atherogenic index of plasma and the risk of new-onset cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and young populations. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 35 212 populations under 60-years old with complete physical examination in 2006 and 2010 from the Kailuan Study were retrospectively enrolled. Complete atherogenic index of plasma data were extracted and populations were grouped by cumulative atherogenic index of plasma quartile: Q1 group (<-0.80, <i>n</i>=8 803), Q2 group (-0.80-<-0.19, <i>n</i>=8 803), Q3 group (-0.19-<0.49, <i>n</i>=8 803), Q4 group (≥0.49, <i>n</i>=8 803). The study subjects were followed up, with the endpoint defined as the occurrence of new-onset cardiovascular disease, defined as myocardial infarction and stroke. The follow-up period began after the physical examination in 2010 and ended at the date of the endpoint event or December 31, 2022, whichever came first. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the impact of cumulative atherogenic index of plasma on the risk of new-onset cardiovascular disease and its subtypes, with trend tests conducted. Stratification was performed based on hypertension status, diabetes status, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (<3.4 mmol/L or ≥3.4 mmol/L) to examine multiplicative interactions with the cumulative atherogenic index of plasma, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was subsequently conducted. <b>Results:</b> Among 35 212 participants, 26 636 (75.6%) were male, with an age of (45.4±8.3) years. Cardiovascular disease occurred in 2 075 cases (5.9%), of which 390 (1.1%) had myocardial infarction and 1 725 (4.9%) had stroke. During a follow-up of (11.5±2.0) years, the incidence densities of new-onset cardiovascular disease from Q1 to Q4 groups were 3.08, 4.70, 5.55 and 7.23 per 1 000 person-years, respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression model showed that, compared with the Q1 group, after adjusting for confounding factors, the <i>HRs</i>(95%<i>CIs</i>) of cardiovascular disease in Q2, Q3 and Q4 groups were 1.27 (1.10-1.48), 1.33 (1.14-1.56), 1.43 (1.19-1.72), respectively, the differences were statistically significant (all <i>P</i><0.05). The risk of cardiovascular disease showed an increasing trend across the Q1 to Q4 groups (<i>P</i><sub>trend</sub><0.001). In the endpoint-specific analyses for myocardial infarction and stroke, stroke demonstrated a similar trend (<i>P</i><sub>trend</sub>=0.002), while no statistically significant difference was observed for myocardial infarction (<i>P</i><sub>trend</sub>=0.465). Subgroup analysis showed that there were potential multiplicative interactions between different levels of LDL-C, the presence or absence of hypertension or diabetes, and the cumulative atherogenic index of plasma (all <i>P</i> for interaction<0.05). In a low-risk population with LDL-C<3.4 mmol/L, non-hypertensive, or non-diabetic, the cardi","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 3","pages":"273-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Evaluation of myocardial work in patients with mitral valve prolapse and severe regurgitation: predictive value for prolonged postoperative ICU stay].","authors":"C H Gu, C Y Cui, C H Wei, H F Liu, Y L Ma, J J Yuan, X Q Tian","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260202-00074","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260202-00074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To quantitatively evaluate left ventricular myocardial work in patients with mitral valve prolapse with severe regurgitation (MVPSR) and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) using pressure-strain loop (PSL) technology, and explore its predictive value for the duration of patients' postoperative stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). <b>Methods:</b> MVPSR patients with normal LVEF who were treated at Fuwai Huazhong Cardiovascular Hospital from May 2023 to June 2025 were included as the MVPSR group. All patients underwent cardiac valve repair or valve replacement surgery and underwent echocardiography before surgery. Subjects who were matched for gender, age, body mass index as well as comorbidities, and underwent echocardiography during the same period, and were excluded from MVPSR were selected as the non-MVPSR group. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain, longitudinal strain peak time dispersion and global work index, global work efficiency (GWE), global constructive work, global wasted work, as well as the longitudinal strain and work parameters for each segment (basal, mid, and apical segments) were assessed using PSL technology. The duration of ICU stay for patients in the MVPSR group after mitral valve surgery were recorded, and a prolonged ICU stay was defined as a duration >48 hours. The differences in left ventricular myocardial work parameters between the two groups were compared, and the impact of GWE on the duration of patients' early postoperative ICU stay was analyzed using a multifactor linear regression model. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was applied to evaluate the predictive performance of GWE for prolonged ICU stay. <b>Results:</b> There were 80 patients in the MVPSR group, aged (58.9±12.3) years, including 61 males. There were 58 patients in the non-MVPSR group, including 31 healthy subjects, aged (54.8±15.3) years, including 36 males. The postoperative ICU stay time in the MVPSR group was (37.0±16.8) hours. Compared with the non-MVPSR group, the MVPSR group had lower global work index, GWE and global constructive work, and higher global wasted work; the work efficiency and constructive work in the basal, intermediate and apical segments were all lower, and the wasted work was higher; the longitudinal strain and work index in the basal segment were both lower (all <i>P</i><0.05). The results of the multi-factor linear regression model analysis showed that GWE was an independent influencing factor for postoperative ICU stay duration in MVPSR patients (<i>β</i>=-2.89, 95%<i>CI</i> -5.43--0.34, <i>P</i>=0.030). The area under the curve for GWE in predicting prolonged ICU stay time was 0.850 (95%<i>CI</i> 0.729-0.970). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the optimal cutoff value for GWE for predicting prolonged ICU stay was 92.5%, namely GWE≤92.5% predicting prolonged stay in ICU, with a sensitivity of 76.2% and a specificity of 82.4%. <b>Conclusions:","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 3","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence, treatment, and control trends of cardiovascular risk factors among the young adults in the Kailuan study from 2006 to 2020].","authors":"X Ding, Y F Zhou, H Zhou, Y Yuan, L Yang, S H Chen, S L Wu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251123-00819","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251123-00819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Analyze the trends in the prevalence, treatment, and control of cardiovascular risk factors among young adults in the Kailuan Study. <b>Methods:</b> This was a prospective cohort study including young adults aged 18 to 44 years, based on health examination data from the Kailuan Study from 2006 to 2020. Data on five cardiovascular risk factors were collected, including hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, and smoking. Crude rates were estimated using the Clopper-Pearson method, standardized rates were calculated using the direct standardization method, adjusted rates were obtained using generalized linear models, and trends were assessed using the Cochran-Armitage test. <b>Results:</b> Across seven examination waves in 2006-2007, 2008-2009, 2010-2011, 2012-2013, 2014-2015, 2016-2017, and 2018-2020, 27 278, 24 546, 21 228, 26 971, 24 515, 16 102, and 16 704 young adults were included, respectively. The standardized prevalence of hypertension and the standardized detection rate of smoking decreased from 17.4% and 26.1% in 2006-2007 to 11.1% and 20.3% in 2018-2020, respectively (both <i>P</i>_-trend<0.001). The standardized prevalence of diabetes remained stable at approximately 2.5% in 2006-2020 (<i>P</i>_-trend=0.942). Standardized prevalence of high cholesterol and obesity increased from 7.4% and 15.0% to 8.7% and 18.0%, respectively (both <i>P</i>_-trend<0.001). Among young adults with hypertension, adjusted treatment rates showed an overall increasing trend (<i>P_-</i>_trend<0.001), whereas control rates fluctuated but demonstrated an overall decreasing trend (<i>P</i>_-trend<0.001). Among young adults with diabetes, the adjusted treatment rate showed an overall declining trend (<i>P</i>_-trend=0.004), whereas the control rate fluctuated during the study period without a statistically significant overall trend (<i>P</i>_-trend=0.336). Males had a higher risk of hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, and obesity compared with females (all <i>P<</i>0.001). <b>Conclusion:</b> From 2006 to 2020, the prevalence of high cholesterol and obesity increased among young adults in the Kailuan Study, whereas the prevalence of diabetes remained relatively stable and rates of hypertension and smoking declined. The treatment rate for hypertension improved over time, whereas that for diabetes decreased; Overall, hypertension control rates declined, whereas diabetes control rates exhibited a fluctuating trend. Overall, males exhibited higher risks for major cardiovascular risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 2","pages":"213-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146195938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Feasibility study of intelligent structural-functional analysis of cardiomyopathy based on four-dimensional modeling from cardiac magnetic resonance sequences].","authors":"S Song, Y J Wang, D Fu, H J Yin, K N Zhou, L Wang, X H Zhang, X Lou, F Cao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251009-00703","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251009-00703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To construct and preliminarily validate the four-dimensional cardiac mesh model based on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for the evaluation of cardiac structure and function in patients with cardiomyopathy. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 70 patients who underwent CMR examinations were enrolled from the UK Biobank database as the training set. A four-dimensional mesh model of the cardiac left and right ventricles was constructed using CMR images that passed quality control. Additionally, a validation set consisting of 30 patients who underwent CMR examinations at the First Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from March 2021 to October 2024 were included. These patients were classified into three groups based on clinical diagnosis: dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) group, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) group, and control group (no cardiomyopathy). The trained model was applied to analyze the CMR images of the validation set patients, calculating various cardiac structure and function parameters, including left ventricular volume index, left ventricular ejection fraction, left myocardial mass index, and strain. Differences in these parameters between the DCM or HCM groups and the control group were compared, and linear mixed models were used for statistical analysis of inter-group differences. <b>Results:</b> The age of patients in the training set was (62.2±10.3) years, with 58 (83%) males. The age of patients in the validation set was (56.5±13.9) years, with 21 (70%) males, including 8 patients in the HCM group, 9 in the DCM group, and 13 in the control group. The left ventricular ejection fraction in the DCM group was lower than that in the control group ((39.34±3.73) % vs. (53.56±2.98) %, <i>P</i>=0.006 3). The linear mixed model analysis showed that the left ventricular volume index and various strain parameters in the DCM group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all <i>P</i><0.001). The left myocardial mass index in the HCM group was higher than that in the control group ((94.21±9.10) g/m² vs. (56.36±11.33) g/m², <i>P</i><0.001). The analysis results of the linear mixed model were consistent with it (<i>P</i><0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> The preliminary results confirm that the four-dimensional cardiac mesh model based on CMR imaging constructed in this study could integrate and evaluate multiple parameters of cardiac structure and function in patients with cardiomyopathy. It has the potential to become an intelligent imaging diagnostic tool for cardiac diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 2","pages":"165-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146195951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert consensus on cardiovascular risk assessment and prevention in adult exercise rehabilitation].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251212-00871","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251212-00871","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 2","pages":"134-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146195944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Regulatory effects and mechanisms of protein post-translational modifications on BK channel in metabolic syndrome-related diseases].","authors":"S Y Fan, Z Y Zhang, R X Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260105-00012","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20260105-00012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 2","pages":"224-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146195991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert consensus on multidisciplinary collaborative screening and diagnostic pathway for transthyretin amyloidosis].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20250813-00571","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20250813-00571","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 2","pages":"146-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146195988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Survey on the current status of hospitalized heart failure patients in China, 2023-2024].","authors":"Y Y Li, H Wang, C Ji, K Chai, X L Li, Y G Dong, J M Zhou, J F Yang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251009-00705","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251009-00705","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To investigate the clinical characteristics, etiology distribution, comorbidities and treatment strategies of hospitalized patients with heart failure in China from 2023 to 2024. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This was a cross-sectional study. Data were derived from the China Heart Failure Registry. Hospitalized patients with heart failure who participated in the registry between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2024 were enrolled in this study. According to left ventricular ejection fraction, the enrolled patients were divided into three groups: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Clinical data of patients in each group were collected via a web-based online reporting system, including demographic data, causes of hospitalization, comorbidities, laboratory indicators, electrocardiography findings, echocardiography findings, and treatment strategies. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 250 936 heart failure patients were enrolled, with an age of (70.1±13.2) years; among them, 105 338 (41.98%) were female. Specifically, 87 490 cases were diagnosed with HFrEF (34.87%), 53 473 with HFmrEF (21.31%), and 109 973 with HFpEF (43.83%). Coronary heart disease was the most common etiology (62.18%, 156 038/250 936), precipitating factor for hospitalization (49.36%, 123 863/250 936), and comorbidity (65.95%, 165 491/250 936) among hospitalized heart failure patients. Before discharge, the utilization rate of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors was 82.96% (72 578/87 490) in HFrEF patients. The utilization rates of beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists were 84.77% (74 161/87 490) and 90.57% (79 238/87 490), respectively. The overall utilization rate of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors was 61.83% (155 143/250 936). Stratified by heart failure subtype, the utilization rates were 75.67% (66 195/87 490) in HFrEF patients, 64.31% (34 388/53 473) in HFmrEF patients, and 49.61% (54 560/109 973) in HFpEF patients, with lower rates in HFmrEF and HFpEF patients compared with HFrEF patients (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). The implantation rates of cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators, cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemakers, and implantable cardioverter defibrillators were 1.44% (1 262/87 490), 0.37% (323/87 490), and 1.35% (1 182/87 490), respectively, in HFrEF patients. The blood pressure control rate was 66.83% (8 822/13 201) in HFpEF patients under 60 years old. Among HFpEF patients complicated with coronary heart disease, the heart rate control rate was 36.46% (26 686/73 188). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Among hospitalized patients with heart failure in China, HFpEF accounted for the largest proportion. Coronary heart disease was the most common etiology, the leading trigger for hospitalization, and the most prevalent comorbidity in this patient population. At discharge, the utilization rates of prognosis-imp","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 2","pages":"179-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146195490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the safety and efficacy of endocardial permanent pacemaker implantation in infants].","authors":"J Huang, X F Guo, W Ji, F Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251128-00834","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20251128-00834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Evaluate the safety and efficacy of permanent endocardial pacemaker implantation in infants. <b>Methods:</b> This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study. Infants with complete atrioventricular block who underwent endocardial permanent pacemaker implantation at Fujian Children's Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were selected. Clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, pacemaker parameters data and implantation-related adverse events were collected and analyzed during follow-up. <b>Results:</b> Eight infants were enrolled, with a surgical age of 5.8 (3.0, 7.0) months and a body weight of 5.6 (5.2, 7.0) kg. Three (3/8) were male. Etiologies included congenital complete atrioventricular block (<i>n</i>=5) and acquired complete atrioventricular block (<i>n</i>=3). The preoperative QTc interval was (469±38) ms, with a left ventricular end diastolic diameter Z score of 1.83±1.58, and a left ventricular ejection fraction of (62.1±15.7)%. Intraoperative pacemaker parameters were as follows: threshold 0.5-1.3 V/0.4 ms, sensing amplitude 2.0-21.2 mV, and impedance 500-700 Ω. Over a follow-up of 16.0 (6.0, 21.8) months, significant improvements were observed at the 3-month postoperative assessment: QTc interval shortened to (427±29) ms, left ventricular end diastolic diameter Z score decreased to 0.20±1.00, and left ventricular ejection fraction increased to (64.9±4.1)%. At 6 months postoperatively, the threshold was 0.4-1.0 V/0.4 ms, sensing amplitude 4.9-10.1 mV, and impedance 521-1 462 Ω. Notably, patients with preoperative cardiac dysfunction (<i>n</i>=1), significant left ventricular dilation (<i>n</i>=5), or prolonged QTc with ventricular arrhythmias (<i>n</i>=5) showed essentially normal recovery. One patient developed moderate-to-severe tricuspid regurgitation one week after surgery, which was successfully reduced to mild-to-moderate following a secondary procedure for lead repositioning two weeks later. All eight patients demonstrated good pocket healing, with no instances of ipsilateral upper limb swelling or formation of superficial collateral vessels during the follow-up period. No implant-related adverse events occurred. <b>Conclusion:</b> Permanent endocardial pacemaker implantation in infants demonstrates acceptable safety and efficacy profiles. This treatment can be attempted with strict control of surgical indications and meticulous operation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38755,"journal":{"name":"中华心血管病杂志","volume":"54 2","pages":"198-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146195887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}