{"title":"The Role of Goal Setting, Collectivism, and Task Orientation on Iranian Wrestling Teams Performance","authors":"H. Abdolmaleki, Seyyed Bahador Zakizadeh","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1277811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1277811","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127139897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scoring Analysis of the Wrestling from the 2016 Rio Olympic Games","authors":"Harold Tünnemann, D. Curby","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2017.1315197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2017.1315197","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The videos of all wrestling matches from the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio were analyzed for scoring and technique. Summaries were compiled for all three styles—Men’s Freestyle, Women’s Freestyle, and Greco-Roman. The performance of the top countries and the champions are presented. Attack efficacy, represented by points scored per minute, is presented for the style as a whole for the top countries and for the weight-class champions. The technical structure of the champions, with scoring by type of technique, is also presented. This was done for all three styles—Men’s Freestyle, Women’s Freestyle, and Greco-Roman. Trends observed during the Olympic cycle between London 2012 and Rio 2016 are discussed.","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115888211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of CoQ10 on Anaerobic Performance in Elite Wrestlers","authors":"M. Ebrahimi, Mehdi Rezanejad Ladary","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1278489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1278489","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed at investigating the effect of a single dose of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), also known as ubiquinone, on anaerobic power, agility, speed, muscular strength, and muscular endurance in professional freestyle wrestlers. A total of 14 elite wrestlers (age: 20.36 ± 3.00 years; weight: 73.43 ± 11.58 kg; height: 1.71 ± 0.05 m; and body mass index: 24.93 ± 2.68 kg/m2) of Babol Township were recruited as subjects. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups (n = 7). Both groups consumed CoQ10 (200 mg) or placebo (starch) in the form of capsules using a double-blind, counterbalanced crossover design with a week interval. Two hours following consumption of the capsules, the following tests were conducted: handgrip dynamometer, chin up, Illinois Agility Run Test, 35-meter run, and the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST). Results were indicative of significant improvements in speed (p = .016), agility (p = .032), average anaerobic power (p = .048), and minimum anaerobic power (p = .044). However, no significant changes were found in the amount of grip strength (p = .449), muscular endurance (p = .282), peak anaerobic power (p = .096), and fatigue index (p = .363). The results of this study showed that acute consumption of CoQ10 supplement can improve some anaerobic performance variables in elite wrestlers.","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126699681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Restoring Greco-Roman Wrestling: Some Research and Philosophy","authors":"Milorad Dokmanac, D. Curby, M. Petkovic","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1201552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1201552","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To make a contribution to the improvement of Greco-Roman wrestling, an effort was initiated to identify some causes for the decline in the technical level and scoring in Greco-Roman wrestling over the past 10 years. This analysis aimed to demonstrate how this preventative style of wrestling (holding fingers/wrists in a standing position) has a negative effect on the execution of self-focused, action-oriented wrestling techniques in the Greco-Roman style. To demonstrate the significant effect of holding fingers/wrists has on a wrestling match, an analysis of all medal matches of the 2015 World Wrestling Championships in Las Vegas, Nevada, was performed and quantified. The time parameters measured in each match were the total time of the match, total time in the standing position, and total time in par terre position. Wrestling in the standing position was further specified as time spent in normal contact, time without contact, and contact made by holding fingers/wrists. The amount of match time spent without contact, plus contact made by holding fingers/wrists is defined as obstructive/preventative wrestling. Wrestling in the standing position is the focus of this study and comprises 86% and 84% of the entire match time for the gold and bronze medal matches, respectively, with the balance being wrestled in the par terre position. From these data are derived the percent of time in standing spent in obstructive/preventative wrestling actions of grasping and locking of fingers and wrists, as well as time without contact. Means of 78% and 72% were found for gold and bronze medals, respectively. On the basis of these data, it is evident how much time is spent where there is no possibility to perform wrestling techniques, because the wrestlers are holding fingers or are completely separated without close contact in the wrestling standing position.","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115901042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Athletes Engagement, Resilience, and Rate of Perceived Exertion on Portuguese National- and International-Level Wrestlers","authors":"Samuel David Grácio Pedro","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1166299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1166299","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Psychological factors are known to influence performances and athletes sports experiences. Within psychological factors known in sports context, resilience and engagement are 2 distinguished factors between successful and unsuccessful athletes. This study aimed to explore the relations between wrestlers’ resilience levels and engagement perception. Performance perception and rated perceived exertion were conducted, concerning its relation with engagement and resilience. Results mainly suggest a positive association between athletes’ resilience and engagement. Exploring these evidences may contribute to a more significant and deeper knowledge regarding athletes’ resilience and engagement and coaches’ role in nurturing these factors throughout athletes’ sports careers.","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132263233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chrysostomos Giannoulakis, L. Burch, Shea M. Brgoch
{"title":"Social Media Usage in Nonprofit Wrestling Organizations: A Cross-Platform Analysis","authors":"Chrysostomos Giannoulakis, L. Burch, Shea M. Brgoch","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1185483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1185483","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This case study examined the social media use of USA Wrestling during the 2014 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Wrestling Championships in the United States. We performed a cross-platform content analysis of the organization’s Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram accounts during the 3 days of the event using a relationship-marketing framework. In addition, we conducted qualitative interviews with employees involved with the National Governing Body’s social media implementation. Results indicated predominant use of Twitter and YouTube, with 375 posts occurring during the 3-day event as compared with 8 posts on Facebook and Instagram, cumulatively. Such an approach contradicted interviewees’ responses on the popularity of Facebook. Overall, the organization placed particular emphasis on information-sharing posts across the 4 platforms pertaining to wrestling and athletes during the event. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications for wrestling-related organizations.","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"405 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116669130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Uniform Color on Outcome of Match at Senior World Wrestling Championships 2015","authors":"D. Curby","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1210266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1210266","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Published research after the 2004 Olympic Games indicated that in the combat sports of boxing, taekwondo, Greco-Roman wrestling, and freestyle wrestling, the combatants in red won more often than those in blue in each sport. This prompted several subsequent studies, including team sports, the role of judges and officials, and other factors that could contribute to a unfair bias against what is thought to be a random and benign assignment of uniform color. To further examine a possible competitive bias in wrestling because of uniform color, this study examined the results from the 2015 Senior World Wrestling Championships. The results of all 952 bouts, women’s freestyle, Greco-Roman, and freestyle were reviewed, and the color associated with either winning or losing (red or blue) was recorded. A total of 458 winners wore red and 494 wore blue. These data were then assembled in a 2 × 2 contingency table for chi square analysis (χ2) I used the Greek symbol- χ2 χ2 statistic was = 2.7227 and p = .098931. This result is not significant at p < .05, indicating that there was no relation between the color of the uniform and the match outcome.","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125452220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gathering for Competition and Celebration in Rio—A Time of Cautious Optimism for Wrestling","authors":"D. Curby","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1207965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1207965","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128658991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validity of Special Judo Fitness Test in Iranian Male Wrestlers","authors":"M. Karimi","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1172141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1172141","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In assessment of high-intensity exercise performance, strong linear relations have been found between laboratory and field measures of anaerobic fitness. The present study aimed to determine the validity of the special judo fitness test among Iranian male wrestlers. Thirty well-trained male wrestlers performed the special judo fitness test (the Ippon seoi nage technique) in 3 series of 15, 30, and 30 s with 10-s rest interval between trials. Also, a 30-s Wingate test on a cycle ergometer was used to measure anaerobic fitness in the laboratory condition. Heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration were measured at baseline, immediately after, and 1 min after trials. In addition, the fatigue index was calculated. Data were analyzed using a paired t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (p < .05). There was a significant correlation between the results of HR changes and lactate concentration changes between the two tests: r(29) = 0.88, p < .01, and r(29) = 0.89, p ≤ .01, respectively. The Bland-Altman and the intraclass correlation coefficient methods revealed medium agreement between test and retest of the special judo fitness test on test index (ICC = 0.4399; ± 1.96, 95% CI [–1.82, 2.76]). The special judo fitness test is a valid field test to assess anaerobic fitness of male wrestlers. The test can be used as a field test to evaluate anaerobic fitness in wrestling.","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126588873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digit Ratio, Testosterone/Cortisol Levels, and Hand Grip Strength Among Elite Iranian Wrestlers","authors":"M. Khanbabazadeh, A. Serajian, A. Rashidlamir","doi":"10.1080/21615667.2016.1197707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2016.1197707","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wresting is a weight-categorized sport with many handgrips used during the competition. Many studies have reported some predictors of hand grip strength, but none of them has studied the complete hand dimensions and hormone levels in elite wrestlers. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the relations among digit ratios and various hand dimensions, anthropometrical characteristics, grip strength, and testosterone/cortisol levels among elite Iranian male wrestlers. For this purpose, 13 male Iranian national team wrestlers voluntarily participated in this study. The finger parameters were evaluated using the Visnapuu method, and a salivary hormonal assay was performed using an enzyme-immunoassay kit. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 19. The statistical analysis of data showed significant correlations (p < .05) between hand grip strength and hand-specific variables including finger perimeters P1, P2, P3, P5; finger lengths of the thumb, index, middle, ring and little finger lengths (TL, IFL, MFL, RFL, LFL, respectively); and the ratios of the index finger length to the little finger length (I:L), and the index finger length to the ring finger length (2D:4D), with the highest correlation being observed between the index finger length and handgrip strength (r = 0.85, p = .001). Furthermore, additional anthropometrical characteristics including wrist girth, arm span, shoulder width (biacromial breadth) and forearm girth were found to have strong correlations with hand grip strength (r = 0.77, r = 0.77, r = 0.73 and r = 0.70, respectively) and thus can be used as simple predictors of hand grip strength in wrestling.","PeriodicalId":387289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wrestling Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128119700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}