{"title":"Generation of hazardous waste in the united states","authors":"R. D. Baker, J. Warren","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1992.9.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1992.9.19","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Research Triangle Institute conducted comprehensive surveys of the generation and management of hazardous waste for the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. The survey of waste generation found that 747.4 million tons of hazardous waste were generated by 12,478 large quantity generators during 1986; over 90 percent of the waste was wastewater managed on the site where it was generated and 92 percent of the waste was in the form of wastewaters. This paper will describe data collection methods used in the survey and will describe the sources, geographical distribution, and the characteristics of the hazardous wastes generated in 1986. A brief discussion of confidence limits and survey limitations is also included.","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116752861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Air Quality Aspects of Hazardous Waste Landfills","authors":"G. Bennett","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1987.4.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1987.4.119","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Whereas there are numerous regulations dealing with groundwater monitoring of hazardous waste landfills, there are virtually none dealing with air monitoring, but their promulgation by the...","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117045452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Waste Minimization Efforts at Union Carbide Corporation","authors":"J. J. Petros","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1987.4.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1987.4.47","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The importance of waste minimization has increased since the passage of the 1984 HSWA Amendments. Evaluating the efforts of the regulated community in achieving significant reductions in the volume or toxicity of waste is hindered by the lack of a consistent data base, changing regulations and the impact of other external factors on waste generation. Union Carbide Corporation has encouraged waste recycling for many years. In 1985, over 21,000 tons of hazardous waste were burned for fuel value in on-site boilers. Numerous other recycling and at-source waste reduction efforts are also described in this paper. Recordkeeping and reporting of waste minimization efforts will need improvement to properly document industry's achievements in this area.","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129510393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hazardous Waste Generation and Disposal by the Industrial-Commercial-Institutional (ICI) Sector in a Resource-Based Community","authors":"C. Zeiss, W. Major","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1992.9.297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1992.9.297","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The municipal refuse in resource-based communities may contain high volumes of hazardous wastes from industrial, commercial and institutional activities because of the remote locations and...","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129729564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION AND AIR SPARGING : ARE WE THERE YET ?","authors":"G. Hoag","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1994.11.357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1994.11.357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129863142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polystyrene soot agglomeration enhancement in an ultrasonic acoustic field","authors":"M. Manoucheri, O. Ezekoye","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1996.13.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1996.13.121","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One approach to controlling the aerosol size distribution for a variety of applications is the use of acoustic/sonic aerosol agglomeration. Intense acoustic fields have been shown to induce large (as compared to passive processes) relative particle velocities which enhance particle collision frequencies. In this paper, the evolution of aerosol distributions in an intense acoustic field is examined. The particle size distribution is measured as a function of aerosol loading and acoustic field specification. Polystyrene foam fuel samples are burned in a static chamber with final soot mass loading of approximately 1.0 g/m3. An array of piezo-electric acoustic transducers operated at approximately 20 kHz forms one wall of the chamber. Both laser extinction and inertial impactor measurements were used to determine the effectiveness of the acoustic field in shifting the size distribution of the soot agglomerates.","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128560337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rate of Benzo[a]pyrene Apparent Loss in a Natural and Manure Amended Clay Loam Soil","authors":"M. Coover, R. Sims","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1987.4.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1987.4.151","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A study was conducted to evaluate the rate of Benzo[a]pyrene apparent loss from a previously uncontaminated agricultural clay loam soil and to determine the effect of cow manure, as organic substrate amendment, on B[a]P apparent loss. Soil microcosms were spiked with 10 μg/g B[a]P and incubated at 20°C. Triplicate sets of microcosms were periodically removed from incubation and solvent extracted. Concentrations of B[a]P in the soil were determined by HPLC analysis of the extracts. Under the conditions of this study manure was an ineffective amendment for increasing the rate of B[a]P apparent loss in the Durant clay loam soil. In addition there was no observable increase in apparent loss of B[a]P during a second B[a]P application period. A first order kinetic model was found to adequately characterize the loss of B[a]P in this study but tended to overestimate degradation during an extended incubation period.","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128623468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Critical Review of Current Approaches to Determining \"How Clean is Clean\" at Hazardous Waste Sites","authors":"H. S. Brown","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1986.3.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1986.3.233","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hazard management at hazardous waste sites is more complex than for other environmental media because it involves multiple pathways of exposure. Five currently used approaches to determini...","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123812398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of an Environmentally Acceptable Thermal Treatment Alternative for Energetic Material","authors":"J. J. Biagioni","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1994.11.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1994.11.217","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Alternatives to the open burn/open detonation (OB/OD) disposal of energetic materials are being actively investigated by both the government and industry because of increasing restrictions being imposed by the various air quality districts and governmental agencies. Aerojet has developed a system that can dispose of these types of materials in a three-step process that meets all environmental regulatory requirements. Step 1 is the removal of the energetic material from its container, if required, using high pressure water. Step 2 involves macerating the material in water to facilitate desensitization of Class 1.1 and Class 1.3 energetic materials prior to incineration (Step 3) which is structured around a dual chamber, fixed hearth incinerator designed to operate under negative pressure to eliminate fugitive emissions. This incinerator is a two-stage, controlled-air unit equipped with tandem liquid scrubbers capable of limiting particulates to less than 1.0 micron with a 95% efficiency at 0.5 mic...","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123866509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplemental Carbon Use by Microorganisms Degrading Toxic Organic Compounds and the Concept of Specific Toxicity","authors":"J. Lindstrom, E. J. Brown","doi":"10.1089/HWM.1989.6.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/HWM.1989.6.195","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Biological treatment can be used to decontaminate soil and water polluted by toxic organic compounds. Some compounds are metabolized too slowly under natural conditions to be effectively removed from the contaminated system. The technical literature contains several examples where nutrient manipulation has been used to enhance microbial metabolism. One promising technique for increasing absolute biodegradation rates of organic toxins is to augment microbial biomass by adding a supplemental carbon substrate. Simultaneous metabolism of the toxic and supplemental substrates requires maintenance of growth limiting carbon concentrations in culture to avoid catabolite repression. Populations of microorganisms can metabolize very low levels of organic toxins at accelerated rates when an ancillary carbon source is supplied. Cell-specific degradation rates may remain unchanged, but absolute removal rates are increased by virtue of increased biomass. Ancillary carbon can also stabilize a population of micr...","PeriodicalId":386820,"journal":{"name":"Hazardous waste and hazardous materials","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121381361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}